| 1. | Machlinia. Border used by R. Pynson. William de
Machlinia printed a Book of Hours with borders
which later passed into Pynson’s hands. The
design consists of spirals of flowers and foliage. | 1483 |
| 2. | Caxton. Fifteen Oes. A decorative border of which
the main features were spirals of flowers and
foliage varied by the introduction of birds and
grotesque animals. | 1494 |
| 3. | Pynson. Morton Missal. One of the fine borders
of the Morton Missal, consisting of four
pieces introducing spirals of flowers and fruit.
The bottom panel contains Cardinal Morton’s
rebus. The reproduction, which is slightly reduced,
also shows one of the beautiful initials
designed for this Missal. (See Frontispiece.) | 1500 |
| 4. | Notary. Chronicle of England. Border made up of
flowers, animals, and various other designs, all
separate. | 1504 |
| 5. | Pynson. Petrus Carmelianus, which is built up with
a series of small ornaments resembling narrow
strips of ribbon introducing fleurons. | 1508 |
| 6. | Pynson. Sebastian Brant’s Shyp of Folys. These
border pieces were used by Pynson on either side of
his illustrations. The one reproduced is formed
by a series of half fleur-de-lys alternating with
another pattern and divided by double white lines. | 1509 |
| 7. | De Worde. Design from Nicodemus Gospel made
up of all kinds of odd ornaments. | N.D.
(c. 1515) |
| 8. | Pynson. Built-up border from Year Books of
Edward III. This design included spirals of fruit
and leaves, human figures, a dragon and a monkey. | 1518 |
| 9. | Pynson. Sallust. An effective border appears on
each side of the illustration. Note also the
initial R. This illustration is here reproduced by
the courtesy of Messrs Maggs Bros. | 1520 |
| 10. | Siberch. The first border printed at Cambridge is
a one-piece border of architectural design, introducing
an arch supported by columns, and, below,
two children acting as supporters to the Royal
Arms. The border is here reproduced by the
courtesy of Messrs Bowes & Bowes of Cambridge. | 1521 |
| 11. | Faques. Skelton’s Goodly Garland. A border made
up of small ornaments representing the heraldic
tincture “ermine.” | 1523 |
| 12. | Faques. Skelton’s Goodly Garland. On three sides
of the illustration are printers’ ornaments made
up of variations of the fleuron. | 1523 |
| 13. | Treveris. Border from the Greate Herball, two pieces
of which formerly belonged to Wynkyn de Worde. | 1526 |
| 14. | Siberch. Border design from some foreign Missal
or Book of Hours. Reproduced by the courtesy
of Messrs Bowes & Bowes of Cambridge. | 1521 |
| 15. | Myddylton. Lyttleton’s Tenures. A one-piece
border of elaborate design introducing scroll-work
and cupids. | 1545 |
| 16. | Siberch. Border design from some foreign missal
or Book of Hours. Reproduced by the courtesy
of Messrs Bowes & Bowes of Cambridge. | 1521 |
| 17. | Berthelet. Gower’s De Confessione Amantis. A
window-frame border slightly reduced in size. | 1554 |
| 18. | Bynneman. John Grange’s Golden Aphroditus.
Curious fleuron border. | 1577 |
| 19. | Bynneman. Palace of Pleasure, vol. ii. A typical
fleuron border. | 1567 |
| 20. | Denham. Palace of Pleasure. A very delicate flower
design enclosed in rules. | 1566 |
| 21. | Bynneman. A Sermon preached before the Queene’s
Maiestie. Fleuron border. | 1573 |
| 12. | Denham. The Monomachie of Motives. Four-piece
chain border, a square alternating with an oval
and linked together by a ring, the top and bottom
pieces being finished with a star. | 1582 |
| 23. | Short. Footepath to Felicitie is in a new style showing
the transition stage between the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries. | 1602 |
| 24. | The Lanterne of Lyghte is a one-piece window-frame
border composed of rules with a small running design. | c. 1600 |
| 25. | Jackson. Greene’s Arbasto: The Anatomie of Fortune.
A made-up design of ornaments confined in a
lattice-work of white lines. | 1584 |
| 26. | Bishop. Border made up from a head-piece used
by G. Bishop. This is one of the most usual
forms of the fleuron. (See Title-page.) | 1585 |
| 27. | Waldegrave. The Basilikon Doron made up of two
illustrative side pieces linked top and bottom
by four small printers’ ornaments of different
designs. | 1599 |
| 28. | Beale. William Martyn’s Youth’s Instructor, second
edition. A curious medley combining the fleuron
and the decorative block. The effect is not good,
and, perhaps fortunately, it is unusual. | 1613 |
| 29. | Barker. A section of a bold fleuron border reproduced
from the Incomparable Treasure of Holy
Scripture, which was printed in large folio. | 1630 |
| 30. | Printer unidentified. An effective small border of
separate ornaments of common design used in
Hilton’s Discovery. | 1664 |
| 31. | Same, reversed. | |
| 32–33. | Printed for Dodsley. Two curious border pieces
on the title-page to Gray’s Elegy. The design is
the same, in each case the implements of Time
and Death—the scythe, the hour-glass, the crown,
skull and cross-bones. | 1751 |
| 34. | Wilson of Kilmarnock. Border used on the 1786
edition of Poems by Robert Burns. The reproduction
is taken from the volume of poems by
David Sillar. | 1789 |
| 35. | Printer not identified. A grass and flower design
border used on W. Baxter’s British Phænogamous
Botany, vol. v., published by the author. In all
probability the design was specially drawn for the
book in order to harmonize with the subject. | 1840 |
| 36. | Printer not identified. Late eighteenth century
border of rose design which may be regarded as
essentially English. The reproduction is made
from The Artist’s Repository. So well has this
border stood the test that it may be found to-day
amongst the designs of Messrs Stephenson, Blake &
Co., Ltd., one of our premier type-founders. | c. 1795 |
| 37. | Kingston & Sutton. Missale ad usum Sarisburiensis.
Flowers and figures. | 1555 |
| 38. | Oswen. Exhortation to the Sicke. Triangular design
with fox in centre. | 1548 |
| 39. | Printer unidentified. The Treasury of Health.
Flowers and foliage. | 1585 |
| 40. | Denham. School of Skill. Conventional design: flowers. | 1581 |
| 41. | Denham. Footepath of Felicitie. Conventional flowers. | 1581 |
| 42. | Denham. Guide to Godlinesse. Conventional design, showing rose. | 1581 |
| 43. | Head-piece from Philip Sidney. Twisted ribbon design. | 1580–90 |
| 44. | Denham. Head-piece from Holinshed’s Chronicles,
vol. i. Bear holding sprays. Men and dogs.
Conventional foliage. | 1579 |
| 45. | Holinshed’s Chronicles of Ireland. Conventional
sprays: satyrs, animals, insects, etc. | 1579 |
| 46. | Field. History of Guicciardini. Conventional design:
sprays and flowers, two winged figures playing on flutes. | 1599 |
| 47. | Waldegrave. Basilikon Doron. Arabesque design. | 1599 |
| 48. | Bynneman. Morelius. Conventional design, with two archers. | 1583 |
| 49. | Vautrollier. De Rep. Anglorum. Head with cornucopia of fruit. | 1579 |
| 50. | Vautrollier. De Rep. Anglorum. Composite design:
spirals resembling letter A. Boys with bowl of
fruit and flowers, animals and grotesques. | 1579 |
| 51. | The Journall or Daily Register. Similar design to
foregoing, but smaller. | 1601 |
| 52. | Eliots Court Press. Copy of a Letter. Composite
design: spirals of foliage, grotesque fish, winged
snakes, winged figures with javelins. | 1606 |
| 53. | Eliots Court Press. Spirals of foliage. National
emblems: lion and unicorn. | 1606 |
| 54. | Eliots Court Press. National emblems, crowned and separate. | 1606 |
| 55. | Eliots Court Press. Fleur-de-lys with figures and scrolls. | 1606 |
| 56. | Eliots Court Press. Cherubs blowing horns, from
which issue spirals of fruit and flowers. Copy of
French block. | 1606 |
| 57. | Macham. Homer, Prince of Poets. Composite design:
two cornucopiæ. National emblems: lion and unicorn. | 1610 |
| 58. | Printer not known. A Pilgrime’s Solace. Zig-zag
ribbon, with national emblems. | 1612 |
| 59. | Haviland. Fruit and flowers issuing from a jar. | 1634 |
| 60. | Macham. Homer, Prince of Poets. Architectural,
with royal arms. | 1610 |
| 61. | Macham. Homer, Prince of Poets. Composite design:
spirals of fruit and flowers with insects. | 1610 |
| 62. | Macham. Homer, Prince of Poets. Composite
design: four horsemen. | 1610 |
| 63. | Barker. Architectural, with royal arms. | c. 1620 |
| 64. | Printer unknown. Book of Prayers. Urns with
flower ornaments. | 1662 |
| 65. | Printer unknown. Double row of national emblems
and fleur-de-lys. | c. 1680 |
| 66. | For Busbie. O per se O. Fleurons arranged as headpiece. | 1612 |
| 67. | Printer unknown. Double row of acorns. | 1620 |
| 68. | Printer unknown. Double row of fleurons. | 1630 |
| 69. | Oxford University Press. Head-piece by Burghers of
Oxford, designed for Clarendon’s History of the
Rebellion. | 1702 |
| 70. | Do. do. do. | 1702 |
| 71. | Bowyer. Atkyn’s Ancient and Present State of
Gloucestershire. Head-piece signed J. L. Basket of
fruit, spirals of flowers and foliage. | 1712 |
| 72. | Printer unknown. The Compleat History of Cornwall,
Part II., printed at Truro. Spirals of flowers and
foliage, two eagles. | 1750 |
| 73. | Crownfield, Cambridge. Fruit and flowers in basket,
four birds and conventional ornament. | c. 1730 |
| 74. | Knapton. Works of Farquhar. Head-piece signed
F. H. and M. H. | 1728 |
| 75. | Printed for Dodsley. Irene, A Tragedy. Spirals of
foliage, squirrel in centre. | 1749 |
| 76. | Silver of Sandwich. Lovers’ Manual. Fleurons
arranged in geometrical form. | 1753 |
| 77. | Printer unknown. Ode of Horace. | 1719 |
| 78. | Middleton. Statutes II. Henry VI. Long narrow
architectural block, formerly De Worde’s. | c. 1540 |
| 79. | Kingston & Sutton. Missale ad usum Sarisburiensis.
Design: human figure, sprays of flowers, animal
and bird. Criblé. Probably French. | 1555 |
| 80. | Redman. Year Book II. Henry VI. Seven lozenge ornaments. | c. 1540 |
| 81. | Oswen, Ipswich. Exhortation to the Sicke. Two
figures with stars. | 1549 |
| 82. | Berthelet. Castle of Health. Ornament on dark
background from French sources. | 1539 |
| 83. | Printer unknown. Treasury of Health. Flower and bird. | 1585 |
| 84. | Redman. Year Book II. Henry VI. Half fleur-de-lys
and half feathers divided by zigzag white lines. | c. 1540 |
| 85. | Denham. Holinshed, vol. iii., Chronicles of Ireland.
Boy beating two drums. | 1579 |
| 86. | Jugge. Book of Common Prayer. Elaborate fleuron
border in four sections, showing three designs. | 1573 |
| 87. | Griffith. Caveat or Warneing. Arabesque design. | 1567 |
| 88. | Griffith. Caveat or Warneing. Virgin and child in
circle surrounded by floral borders. | 1567 |
| 89. | Wolfe. Sophocles, Antigone. A fleuron tail-piece. | 1581 |
| 90. | Vautrollier. De Rep. Anglorum. Arabesque design.
Single block. | 1579 |
| 91. | E. Allde. Bodenham’s Garden of the Muses. Arabesque
design with architectural detail. | 1610 |
| 92. | W. W. for Cuthbert Burby. Love’s Labours Lost.
Arabesque design. Single block. | 1598 |
| 93. | E. Allde. Basilikon Doron. Fleuron ornament. | 1603 |
| 94. | John Day. Ascham, Scholemaster. Circular arabesque
design. Single block. | 1579 |
| 95. | Islip. Wit’s Miserie. Square arabesque design.
Single block. | 1596 |
| 96. | An arabesque tail-piece from Shakespeare’s Pericles. | c. 1615 |
| 97. | Vautrollier. Ciceronis Epistolæ. Gorgon’s head. | 1579 |
| 98. | Printer uncertain. Cambridge. Tail-piece of seven
rows of fleurons arranged as reversed triangle.
Reproduced by courtesy of Messrs Bowes & Bowes. | c. 1700 |
| 99. | Wolfe. Sophocles, Antigone. A fleuron tail-piece
showing a different design from No. 89. | 1581 |
| 100. | Printed for B. Lintott. Odes of Horace. Tail-piece
to Book IV. Ornate design: cherubs holding
birds, sprays of foliage. | 1719 |
| 101. | Printed for Knapton. Works of Farquhar. Tail-piece
of florid design, showing bird in centre
flanked by baskets of flowers. | 1728 |
| 102. | Tonson & Watts. Lucretius, De rerum natura. A
specially designed tail-piece to Book IV. | 1713 |
| 103. | Tonson & Watts. Lucretius, De rerum natura. A
specially designed tail-piece to Dedication. | 1713 |
| 104. | Crownfield, Cambridge. Bird with outstretched
wings. Reproduced by courtesy of Messrs Bowes
& Bowes of Cambridge. | c. 1730 |
| 105. | Clarendon Press, Oxford. Clarendon’s History of
the Rebellion. Tail-piece designed and engraved
by M. Burghers. | 1702 |
| 106. | Clarendon Press, Oxford. Clarendon’s History of
the Rebellion. Tail-piece designed and engraved
by M. Burghers. | 1702 |
| 107. | Welsh Bible. Architectural design with crowned
rose and cherubs in centre. | 1620 |
| 108. | Odes of Horace. Fountain and mermaids. Sprays of foliage. | 1743 |
| 109. | Crownfield, Cambridge. Tail-piece. Two cornucopiæ
with fruit and flowers. Tied together with
ribbon and with bunch of flowers suspended from
them. Reproduced by courtesy of Messrs Bowes
& Bowes of Cambridge. | c. 1730 |
| 110. | Printer unknown. Truro. History of Cornwall.
Figure of Mercury in frame with conventional
sprays of foliage and arch. Flanked with long-tailed
birds holding flowers in their beaks. | 1750 |
| 111. | Pynson & De Worde. Chain ornament. | 1500–30 |
| 112. | Pynson & De Worde. Three designs used to fill up
spaces in the text. | 1500–30 |
| 113. | Printer unknown. Song of Solomon. Three acorns. | 1620 |
| 114. | Printer unknown. A Declaration of Favourable
Dealing of Her Majestie’s Commission. Arabesque
design. | 1583 |
| 115. | Printer unknown. History of London. | N.D. |
| 116. | Field. E. Nicholas, Apologia. Fifteen fleuron units
and acorn arranged as reversed triangles. | 1649 |
| 117. | Grafton. Actes of Edward VI. Early form of
fleuron arranged on either side of word “Finis.” | 1560–70 |
| 118. | Allde (Eliz.). Greene’s Euphues, His Censure to
Philautus. Female head. Sprays of foliage.
Woman’s head in centre. | 1634 |
| 119. | Printed for R. Dodsley. Irene: A Tragedy, by
Saml. Johnson. Basket of flowers. Sprays of
foliage. Two birds. Could be used as tail-piece
if desired. | 1749 |
| 120. | For Stepneth & Redmer. Atheist’s Tragedie, by Cyril
Tourneur. Small ornament. Conventional sprays,
with head in centre. | 1611 |
| 121. | Lownes. Description of New England. Small ornament.
Lion’s head in centre. Festoons of flowers.
Mark at either end. | 1616 |
| 122. | Buck, Cambridge. Locustæ. Small ornament.
Conventional sprays and flowers. | 1627 |
| 123. | Stafford, for John Wright. King Leir. Small
ornament. Conventional sprays and flowers.
Differing from preceding. | 1605 |
| 124. | Cotes, for Bellamie. Wm. Wood’s New England’s
Prospect. Small ornament. Crowned rose. Conventional
sprays. | 1634 |
| 125. | Jones. Gerald Malynes’ Center of Circle of Commerce.
Small ornament. Fleur-de-lys centre. Conventional
sprays. | 1623 |
| 126. | E. A., i.e. Edward Allde, for John Tap. Bodenham’s
Garden of the Muses. Very beautiful arabesque
ornament. Reproduced by kind permission of
Messrs Maggs Bros. | 1610 |
| 127. | Adlard & Browne. A flower ornament of unusual
design, reproduced from Luckombe’s History of Printing. | c. 1770 |
| 128. | Do. do. do. | |
| 129–134. | Caslon. Six of the border designs used on the
first specimen sheet issued by this famous type-foundry.
They were more delicate and graceful
than those used in England by his predecessors
and are still in vogue. Compare the modern
specimens manufactured by the same firm. | 1734 |
| 135–148. | Baskerville. Fourteen single line ornaments
and flowers designed by John Baskerville. Reproduced
from John Baskerville by R. Straus and
K. Dent, by kind permission of Mr R. Straus and
the courtesy of the Cambridge University Press. | c. 1750 |