Table 1.—Percentages of Larger Trees (a Foot or More in Trunk Diameter) on Different Slope Exposures.
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| North slopes | Hilltops | West slopes | South slopes | ||
| Elm | 35.7 | 38.6 | 25.8 | 51.4 | |
| Chestnut oak | 22.0 | 18.3 | 17.8 | 2.9 | |
| Hickory | 8.8 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 5.0 | |
| Walnut | 8.8 | 5.8 | 19.6 | 12.1 | |
| Ash | 7.1 | .8 | .4 | ||
| Hackberry | 8.2 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 6.9 | |
| Black oak | 3.3 | 16.4 | 1.0 | ||
| Red oak | 2.2 | 23.8 | |||
| Locust | 1.8 | 7.5 | 1.9 | 11.6 | |
| Osage orange | .5 | 1.5 | .2 | 5.3 | |
| Sycamore | .5 | 2.1 | .1 | ||
| Coffee-tree | 1.2 | 2.4 | 1.0 | ||
| Cherry | 2.4 | .1 | |||
| Red haw | .4 | 1.3 | |||
| Ailanthus | .3 | ||||
| Mulberry | .5 | .1 | |||
| Cottonwood | .1 | ||||
| Redbud | .8 | .2 | .1 | ||
| Boxelder | .1 | .3 | |||
| Blackjack oak | .2 | ||||
| Total trees in sample | 182 | 890 | 467 | 898 | |
[Table 1] shows the percentages of different kinds of trees a foot or more in trunk diameter on different slope exposures sampled. Elm is almost always the dominant tree, making up from one-fourth to one-half of the total stand. The other species dominate relatively small areas. Chestnut oak usually makes up a substantial part of the stand on hilltops and slopes of north, east, or west exposure. Black oak, red oak, and walnut may be prominent on the east and west slopes. Walnut and locust are prominent on south slopes.
Hickory usually has a trunk diameter of less than one foot, and, therefore, it is not prominent anywhere among the larger trees. [Table 2], showing ratios of medium-small trees (more than 6 inches and less than one foot in trunk diameter) demonstrates that hickory is one of the more prominent trees on hilltops and on slopes other than those of south exposure.
Invasion of Fields
In 1948 when the extensive open parts of the Reservation were grazed and cultivated, small trees were inconspicuous and few. Mature trees, with trunk diameters of 9 inches to more than two feet, were distributed over the pastured areas, however, with groves of American elm, honey locust, and walnut near the edges of the woods, and occasional scattered trees of these species and of osage orange, coffee-tree, red haw, hackberry, and ash.