1937. Amphibians and reptiles from the Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico. Copeia, 1937 (4):402-421.

Maslin, T. P.

1959. An annotated check list of the amphibians and reptiles of Colorado. Univ. Colorado Studies, Ser. Biol. No. 6, 98 pp.

Ruthven, A. G.

1908. Variations and genetic relationships of the garter-snakes. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 61:xii + 201 pp.

Schmidt, K. P.

1953. A check list of North American amphibians and reptiles. Univ. Chicago Press, vii + 280 pp.

Smith, H. M.

1942. The synonymy of the garter snakes (Thamnophis), with notes on Mexican and Central American species. Zoologica, 27(17):97-123.

1956. Handbook of amphibians and reptiles of Kansas (2nd ed.). Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Misc. Publ. No. 9, 356 pp.

Smith, H. M., and Brown, B. B.