Strong Verbs
132. In the strong verbs the plur. of the pret. indic. generally has a different vowel from that of the sing. The 1 sg. pret. of the middle voice always has the vowel of the pl. pret.: gāfumk. The pret. subj. has the vowel of the pret. indic. plur. mutated: skaut (he shot), skutu (they shot), skyti (he might shoot). But there is no mutation in verbs of the first conj.: hljōpi, inf. hlaupa (leap).
133. The pres. indic. sing. mutates the root-vowel in all three persons: ek skȳt, þū skȳtr, hann skȳtr, infin. skjōta (shoot). e however is not mutated: ek gef, þū gefr. The inflectional r is liable to the same modifications as the r of nouns (§ 32): skīnn, vęx, infin. skīna (shine), vaxa (grow).
134. Verbs in ld change the d into t in the 1, 3 sg. pret. indic. and in the imper. sg.: helt (held), halt (hold!), infin. halda. nd becomes tt, and ng becomes kk under the same conditions: binda (bind), ganga (go), pret. batt, gekk, imper. bitt, gakk.
135. The t of the 2 sg. pret. indic. is doubled after a long accented vowel: þū sātt (thou sawest). If the 1 sg. pret. indic. ends in t or ð, the 2 sg. ends in zt: lēt (I let), þū lēzt, bauð (I offered) þū bauzt.
136. There are seven conjugations of strong verbs, distinguished mainly by the characteristic vowels of their preterites.
I. 'Fall'-conjugation
| Infin. | Third Pres. | Prt. Sing. | Prt. Pl. | Ptc. Prt. |
| falla (fall) | fęllr | fell | fellu | fallinn |
| lāta (let) | lætr | lēt | lētu | lātinn |
| rāða (advise) | ræðr | rēð | rēðu | rāðinn |
| heita (call) | heitr | hēt | hētu | heitinn |
| halda (hold) | hęldr | helt | heldu | haldinn |
| ganga (go) | gęngr | gekk | gengu | gęnginn |
| fā (get) | fær | fekk | fengu | fęnginn |
| -------------------------- | ||||
| auka (increase) | eykr | jōk | jōku | aukinn |
| būa (dwell) | bȳr | bjō | bjoggu | būinn |
| hǫggva (hew) | hǫggr | hjō | hjoggu | hǫggvinn |
| hlaupa (leap) | hleypr | hljōp | hljōpu | hlaupinn |