A. Without vowel-change
152. The inflectional ð becomes d after long syllables ending in l or n: sigla (sail), siglda; nęfna (name), nęfnda, nęfndr.
153. -ðð becomes dd: leiða (lead), leidda.
154. ð after s and t becomes t: reisa (raise), reista; mœta (meet), mœtta. Also in a few verbs in l, n: mæla (speak), mælta; spęnna (buckle), spęnta.
155. After nd and pt it is dropped: sęnda (send), sęnda, sęndr; lypta (lift), lypta.
156. It is preserved in such verbs as the following: dœma (judge), dœmða; fœra (lead), fœrða; hęrða (harden), hęrða; hleypa (gallop), hleypða.
B. With vowel-change
157. All these verbs have j preceded by a short syllable (tęlja), or a long vowel without any cons. after it (dȳja), or gg (lęggja); the j being kept before a and u, as in the pres. ind. of spyrja (ask): spyr, spyrr, spyrr; spyrjum, spyrið, spyrja, pres. subj. 1 sg. ek spyrja; they unmutate their vowel in the pret. and ptc. pret. (spurða, spurðr), the mutation being restored in the pret. subj. spyrða, spyrðir, etc. The ptc. pret. often has an i before the ð.
| bęrja (strike) | barða | barðr |
| lęggja (lay) | lagða | lag(i)ðr |
| tęlja (tell) | talða | tal(i)ðr |
| vękja (wake) | vakða | vakðr |
| flytja (remove) | flutta | fluttr |
| dȳja (shake) | dūða | dūðr |