Farm Mechanics: Machinery and Its Use to Save Hand Labor on the Farm.

by Herbert A. Shearer

While manholes are built into septic tanks for the purpose of examination, in practice they are seldom required. If the tanks are properly built and rightly proportioned to the sewerage requirements they will take care of the waste water from the house year after year without attention. Should any accidents occur, they are more likely to be caused by a leakage in the vitrified sewer than from any other cause. Manufacturers of plumbing supplies furnish the siphons together with instructions for placing them properly in the concrete walls. Some firms supply advertising matter from which to work out the actual size and proportions of the different compartments and all connections. The making of a septic tank is simple when the principle is once understood.

---

INDEX

PAGE
Acetylene gas		[129]
Air pressure pump		[107]
Anvil		[33]
Apple-picking bag		[216]
	ladder	[215]
Asparagus knife		[205]
Auger, ship		[26]
Auger-bit		[24], [25]
Automatic hog feeder		[219]
Axles, wagon		[52]
Babbitting boxings		[73]
Barn trucks		[226]
Belt punch		[211]
	work	[146]
Bench and vise		[34]
Bench for iron work		[35]
	for woodworking	[16]
Bipod		[206]
Bits, extension boring		[26]
Bit, twist-drill, for wood-boring		[25]
Blacksmith hammers		[61]
	shop	[31]
Block and tackle		[77]
Bobsleighs		[188]
Boiler, steam		[90]
Bolster spring		[186]
	stake	[187]
Bolt cutter		[45]
Bolts, carriage and machine		[56]
	emergency	[53]
	home-made	[52]
	plow and sickle bar	[56]
Boxings, babbitting		[73]
Brace, wagon-box		[58]
Bramble hook		[20]
Brass valves		[236]
Breeding crate for hogs		[203]
Brick trowel		[209]
Bridge auger		[26]
Bucket yoke		[75]
Buck rake		[165]
Building bracket		[202]
Bull nose-chain		[233]
	treadmill	[81]
Cable hay stacker		[176]
California hay ricker		[176]
Calipers		[43]
Caliper rule		[14]
Canning outfit		[229]
Carpenter’s bench		[17]
	trestle	[17]
Cart, two-wheel		[191]
Centrifugal pumps		[105]
Chain, logging		[50]
Chisels and gouges		[28]
Circular saw, filing		[69]
	jointing	[68]
	setting	[68]
Clearing land by tractor		[146]
Clevises, plow		[58]
Clod crusher		[155]
Clothes line reel box, concrete		[228]
Clothes line tightener		[230]
Cold-chisel		[37]
Colt-breaking sulkey		[192]
Compasses		[18]
Concrete center alley for hog house		[209]
	farm scale base and pit	[196]
	hog wallow	[209]
	wall mold	[210]
Conveniences, miscellaneous farm		[194]
Conveyances, farm		[179]
Corn crib, double		[201]
	two-story	[194]
Corn cultivator		[142]
	planter	[158]
	shock horse	[208]
Cotter pin tool		[44]
Coulter clamp		[54]
Countersink		[41]
Cow stanchion		[234]
Crop machinery, special		[161]
Crops, kind of, to irrigate		[118]
Crowbars		[46]
Cultivator, combination		[143]
	corn	[142]
Cutting nippers		[46]
Derrick fork		[168]
Dies and taps		[55]
Diggers, potato		[205]
Disk harrow		[152]
	plow	[137]
Dog churn		[79]
	power	[80]
Draw-filing		[62]
Drawing-knife		[22]
Drill, grain		[160]
	power post	[38]
Drill-press		[39]
	electric	[40]
Driven machines		[100]
Dumbwaiter		[229]
Economy of plowing by tractor		[146]
Electricity on the farm		[121], [127]
Electric lighting		[123]
Electric power plant		[122]
	towel	[231]
Elevating machinery		[133]
Elevator, grain		[134]
Emery grinders		[31]
Engine and truck, portable		[94]
Engine, gasoline		[91]
	kerosene	[92]
	steam	[90]
Eveners for three- and four-horse teams		[139]
Extension boring bits		[26]
Farm conveniences		[194]
	conveyances	[179]
	office	[194]
	shop and implement house	[9]
	shop work	[50]
	tractor	[97]
	waterworks	[89], [100]
Feed crusher		[131]
Feeding racks		[217]
Fence-making tools		[205], [206]
Fence pliers		[207]
File handle		[36]
Files and rasps		[36]
Filing hand saw		[56]
	roll	[63]
Flail		[75]
Fore-plane		[27]
Forge		[32]
Forges, portable		[32]
Forging iron and steel		[59]
Fruit picking		[212]
	ladders	[215]
	tray	[213]
Fruit-thinning nippers		[214]
Gambrel whiffletree		[173]
Garage		[10]
Garden weeder		[54]
Gas, acetylene		[129]
Gasoline engine		[91]
	house lightning	[128]
Gate, sliding field		[205]
Gatepost with copper mailbox		[227]
Gauge, double-marking		[22]
Generating mechanical power		[74]
Goat stall		[230]
Grain drill		[160]
	elevator	[134]
	elevator, portable	[135]
Grass hook		[163]
Grindstone		[28]
Hacksaw		[45]
Hammers, blacksmith		[61]
	machinist’s	[42]
Hand axe		[23]
Hand saw		[19], [65]
	filing	[66]
	jointing	[65]
	setting	[65]
	using	[67]
Handspike		[24]
Hardy		[43]
Harness punch		[211]
Harrow cart		[154]
	disk	[152]
	sled	[141]
	spike-tooth	[141]
Harvesting by tractor		[146]
Hay carrier carriage		[172]
Hay crop, handling		[163]
Hay derricks, Idaho		[171]
	Western	[169]
Hayford, double harpoon		[169]
	grapple	[170]
	hitch	[173]
	hood	[197]
Hayrake, revolving		[163]
Hay ricker, California		[176]
Hay rope pulleys		[174]
Hay skids		[167]
Hay sling		[167]
Hay stacker, cable		[176]
Haystack knife		[168]
Hay-tedder		[165]
Hay-track roof extension		[197]
Hoe, how to sharpen		[70]
	wheel	[162]
Hoes and weeders		[204]
Hog catching hook		[232]
Hog feeder, automatic		[219]
	trough	[221]
	trough, reinforced	[222]
	wallow, concrete	[209]
Hoist, oldest farm		[133]
Hoists		[78]
Home repair work, profitable		[50]
Horse clippers		[231]
Horse feeding rack		[218]
Horsepower		[86]
House plumbing		[234]
Husking-pin		[208]
Hydraulic ram		[95]
Idaho hay derricks		[171]
Implement shed		[10]
	shed and work shop	[12]
Iron, forging		[59]
Irons for neckyoke and whiffletree		[51]
Iron roller		[157]
Iron working tools		[42]
Irrigation		[112]
	by pumping	[112]
	overhead spray	[116]
Jointer, carpenter’s		[27]
Jointer plows		[144]
Jointing hand saw		[65]
Kerosene engine		[92]
Keyhole saw		[20]
Knife, asparagus		[205]
	corn cutting	[205]
	haystack	[168]
Knots		[212]
Lag screw		[57]
Land float		[156]
Level, carpenter’s		[24]
	iron stock	[25]
Lighting, gasoline		[128]
Linchpin farm wagons		[185]
Link, cold-shut		[43]
	plow	[58]
Loading chute for hogs		[235]
Logging chain		[50]
Machines, driven		[100]
Machinist’s hammers		[42]
	vise	[47]
Manure carriers		[233]
Marline spike		[212]
Measuring mechanical work		[14]
Mechanical power, generating		[74]
Mechanics of plowing		[138]
Melting ladle		[73]
Monkey-wrench		[19]
Mule pump		[84]
Nail hammers		[21]
Nail set		[37]
Office, farm		[194]
Oilstone		[15]
Overhead spray irrigation		[116]
Oxen		[181]
Paint brushes		[212]
Pea guard		[168]
Picking fruit		[212]
Pig-pen, sanitary		[210]
Pincers		[44]
Pipe cutter		[48]
Pipe-fitting tools		[46]
Pipe vise		[47]
	wrench	[48]
Plastering trowel		[209]
Pliers		[18]
Plow, heavy-breaking		[224]
	riding	[140]
	walking	[138]
Plowing by tractor		[145]
	importance of	[137]
	mechanics of	[138]
Plows, jointer		[144]
	Scotch	[143]
Plumb-bob and plumb-line		[206]
Plumbing, house		[234]
Pod-bit		[25]
Portable farm engine		[94]
Post-hole diggers		[204]
Poultry feeding trough		[222]
Power conveyor		[121]
Power, generating mechanical		[75]
Power post drill		[38]
Power transmission		[120]
Pulverizers		[155]
Pump, air pressure		[107]
	centrifugal	[105]
	mule	[84]
	jack	[109]
	jacks and speed jacks	[111]
	rotary	[103]
	suction	[101]
Punches		[37]
Quantity of water to use in irrigation		[118]
Racks, feeding		[217]
	sheep feeding	[219]
Rafter grapple		[173]
Rasp		[35]
Rasps and files		[36]
Ratchet-brace		[40]
Refrigeration		[123]
Reservoir for supplying water to farm buildings		[120]
Revolving hayrake		[163]
Riding plow		[140]
Ripsaw		[21]
Rivets		[53]
Rivet set		[54]
Road drag, split-log		[220]
	steel	[225]
Road work		[146]
Roller		[156]
Roll filing		[63]
Roof pitches		[200]
	truss	[199]
Root pulper		[130]
Rotary pumps		[103]
Round barn, economy of		[196]
Rule of six, eight and ten		[199]
Sand bands		[187]
	caps	[188]
Sanitary pig-pen		[210]
Saw, hack		[45]
Scotch plows		[143]
Screwdriver		[23]
	ratchet	[24]
Seed house trucks		[226]
Septic tank		[235]
Set-screws		[64]
Shave horse		[18]
Shears		[217]
Sheep feeding rack		[219]
Sheepshank		[212]
Ship auger		[26]
Shoeing horses		[71]
	knife	[34]
	tool box	[34]
Shop, garage and implement shed		[10]
Shop tools		[14]
Slaughter house		[198]
Sliding field gate		[205]
Snips, sheet metal		[25]
Soil auger		[204]
	tools	[202]
Soil, working the		[137]
Speed indicator		[201]
	jacks	[111]
Split-log road drag		[220]
Spud		[205]
Stable helps		[232]
Stall for milch goats		[232]
Steam boiler and engine		[90]
Steel, forging		[59]
	road drag	[225]
	square	[22]
	tools, making	[60]
Stepladder		[216]
Stock for dies		[55]
Stone-boat		[179]
Stump puller		[131]
Suction pumps		[101]
Sulkey, colt-breaking		[192]
S wrenches		[44]
Tapeline		[15]
Taper reamer		[41]
	tap	[56]
Taps and dies		[55]
Tempering steel tools		[60]
Tongs		[43]
Tool box for field use		[72]
	handy	[72]
Tool rack, blacksmith		[34]
Tools for fence-making		[205]
	for woodworking	[19]
	for working iron	[42]
	pipe-fitting	[46]
	soil	[202]
Tractor economy		[146]
	farm	[97]
	transmission gear	[98]
	used in plowing	[145]
	uses for, on farm	[146]
Tram points		[40]
Travoy		[183]
Treadmill, bull		[81]
Tree pruners		[216]
Trowel, brick		[209]
	plastering	[209]
Trucks, barn		[226]
Try-square		[22]
Twist-drills		[25], [41]
U bolt in cement		[57]
Uses of electricity on farm		[126]
Valves, brass		[236]
Vise		[38]
Wagon-box irons		[57]
Wagon brakes		[186]
	seat spring	[187]
Walking plow		[138]
Water-power		[88]
Water storage		[100]
Waterworks, farm		[100]
Well sweep		[76]
Wheelbarrow		[180]
Wheel hoe		[162]
Winches		[79]
Windmills		[83]
Wire splice		[52]
	splicer	[44]
	stretcher	[77]
Wooden clamp		[18]
	roller	[157]
Wood-saw frames		[129]
Woodworking bench		[16]
	tools	[19]
Working the soil		[137]
Wrecking bar		[24]

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DRAKE’S MECHANICAL BOOKS

[*]Title		Style		Price
Electrical Books
Electrical Tables and Engineering Data		*	Lea.	1.50
Electrical Tables and Engineering Data		*	Cloth	1.00
Motion Picture Operation		*	Lea.	1.50
Motion Picture Operation		*	Cloth	1.00
Alternating Current			Lea.	1.50
Alternating Current			Cloth	1.00
Wiring Diagrams and Descriptions		*	Lea.	1.50
Wiring Diagrams and Descriptions		*	Cloth	1.00
Armature and Magnet Winding		*	Lea.	1.50
Armature and Magnet Winding		*	Cloth	1.00
Modern Electric Illumination		*	Lea.	1.50
Modern Electric Illumination		*	Cloth	1.00
Modern Electrical Construction		*	Lea.	1.50
Modern Electrical Construction		*	Cloth	1.00
Electricians’ Operating and Testing Manual		*	Lea.	1.50
Electricians’ Operating and Testing Manual		*	Cloth	1.00
Drake’s Electrical Dictionary			Lea.	1.50
Drake’s Electrical Dictionary			Cloth	1.00
Electric Motors, Direct and Alternating		*	Lea.	1.50
Electric Motors, Direct and Alternating		*	Cloth	1.00
Electrical Measurements and Meter Testing			Lea.	1.50
Electrical Measurements and Meter Testing			Cloth	1.00
Drake’s Telephone Handbook			Lea.	1.50
Drake’s Telephone Handbook			Cloth	1.00
Elementary Electricity, Up-to-Date		*	Cloth	1.25
Electricity Made Simple		*	Cloth	1.00
Easy Electrical Experiments		*	Cloth	1.00
Wireless Telegraph and Telephone Handbook			Cloth	1.00
Telegraphy, Self-taught			Cloth	1.00
Dynamo-Electric Machines			Cloth	1.50
Electro-Plating Handbook			Lea.	1.50
Electro-Plating Handbook			Cloth	1.00
Modern American Telephony			Lea.	2.00
Handy Vest-Pocket Electrical Dictionary			Lea.	.50
Handy Vest-Pocket Electrical Dictionary			Cloth	.25
Storage Batteries			Cloth	.50
Elevators—Hydraulic and Electric			Cloth	1.00
How to Become a Successful Motorman			Lea.	1.50
Motorman’s Practical Air Brake Instructor			Lea.	1.50
Electric Railway Troubles			Cloth	1.50
Electric Power Stations			Cloth	2.50
Electrical Railroading			Lea.	3.50
Automobile Books
Brookes’ Automobile Handbook.		*	Lea.	2.00
Automobile Starting and Lighting		*	Lea.	1.50
Automobile Starting and Lighting		*	Cloth	1.00
Ford Motor Car and Truck and Tractor Attachments		*	Lea.	1.50
Ford Motor Car and Truck and Tractor Attachments		*	Cloth	1.00
Automobile Catechism and Repair Manual		*	Lea.	1.25
Practical Gas and Oil Engine Handbook		*	Lea.	1.50
Practical Gas and Oil Engine Handbook		*	Cloth	1.00
Farm Books
Farm Buildings, With Plans and Descriptions		*	Cloth	1.00
Farm Mechanics		*	Cloth	1.00
Traction Farming and Traction Engineering		*	Cloth	1.50
Farm Engines and How to Run Them			Cloth	1.00
Shop Practice Books
Twentieth Century Machine Shop Practice			Cloth	2.00
Practical Mechanical Drawing			Cloth	2.00
Sheet Metal Workers’ Manual		*	Lea.	2.00
Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting		*	Lea.	1.50
Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting		*	Cloth	1.00
20th Century Toolsmith and Steelworker			Cloth	1.50
Pattern Making and Foundry Practice			Lea.	1.50
Modern Blacksmithing, Horseshoeing and Wagon Making			Cloth	1.00
Steam Engineering Books
Swingle’s Handbook for Steam Engineers and Electricians		*	Lea.	3.00
Steam Boilers, Construction, Care and Operation		*	Lea.	1.50
Complete Examination Questions and Answers for Marine and Stationary Engineers		*	Lea.	1.50
Swingle’s Catechism of Steam, Gas and Electrical Engineering		*	Lea.	1.50
The Steam Turbine, Its Care and Operation			Cloth	1.00
Calculation of Horse Power Made Easy			Cloth	.75
Railroad Books
Modern Locomotive Engineering		*	Lea.	3.00
Locomotive Fireman’s Boiler Instructor		*	Lea.	1.50
Locomotive Engine Breakdowns and How to Repair Them		*	Lea.	1.50
Operation of Trains and Station Work		*	Lea.	2.00
Construction and Maintenance of Railway Roadbed and Track			Lea.	2.00
First, Second and Third Year Standard Examination Questions and Answers for Locomotive Firemen		*	Lea.	2.00
Complete Air Brake Examination Questions and Answers		*	Lea.	2.00
Westinghouse Air Brake System			Cloth	2.00
New York Air Brake System			Cloth	2.00
Walschaert Valve Gear Breakdowns			Cloth	1.00
Carpentry and Building Books
Modern Carpentry. Two volumes			Cloth	2.00
Modern Carpentry. Vol. I			Cloth	1.00
Modern Carpentry. Vol. II			Cloth	1.00
The Steel Square. Two volumes			Cloth	2.00
The Steel Square. Vol. I			Cloth	1.00
The Steel Square. Vol. II			Cloth	1.00
A. B. C. of the Steel Square			Cloth	.50
Common Sense Stair Building and Handrailing			Cloth	1.00
Modern Estimator and Contractor’s Guide		*	Cloth	1.50
Light and Heavy Timber Framing Made Easy			Cloth	2.00
Builders’ Architectural Drawing Self-taught			Cloth	2.00
Easy Steps to Architecture			Cloth	1.50
Five Orders of Architecture			Cloth	1.50
Builders’ and Contractors’ Guide			Cloth	1.50
Practical Bungalows and Cottages		*	Cloth	1.00
Low Cost American Homes		*	Cloth	1.00
Practical Cabinet Maker and Furniture Designer			Cloth	2.00
Practical Wood Carving			Cloth	1.50
Home Furniture Making			Cloth	.60
Concretes, Cements, Mortars, Plasters and Stuccos			Cloth	1.50
Practical Steel Construction			Cloth	.75
20th Century Bricklayer and Mason’s Assistant			Cloth	1.50
Practical Bricklaying Self-taught			Cloth	1.00
Practical Stonemasonry			Cloth	1.00
Practical Up-to-date Plumbing			Cloth	1.50
Hot Water Heating, Steam and Gas Fitting			Cloth	1.50
Practical Handbook for Millwrights			Cloth	2.00
Boat Building for Amateurs			Cloth	1.00
Painting Books
Art of Sign Painting		*	Cloth	3.00
Scene Painting and Bulletin Art		*	Cloth	3.00
“A Show at” Sho’Cards			Cloth	3.00
Strong’s Book of Designs		*	Lea.	3.00
Signist’s Modern Book of Alphabets			Cloth	1.50
Amateur Artist			Cloth	1.00
Modern Painter’s Cyclopedia			Cloth	1.50
Red Book Series of Trade School Manuals
	1. Exterior Painting, Wood, Iron and Brick		Cloth	.60
	2. Interior Painting, Water and Oil Colors		Cloth	.60
	3. Colors		Cloth	.60
	4. Graining and Marbling		Cloth	.60
	5. Carriage Painting		Cloth	.60
	6. The Wood Finisher		Cloth	.60
New Hardwood Finishing			Cloth	1.00
Automobile Painting		*	Cloth	1.25
Estimates, Costs and Profits—House Painting and Interior Decorating		*	Cloth	1.00
[NOTE.]—New Books and Revised Editions are marked*

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TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES