1300—The emir of Menteshe invades Rhodes.
1301—First Byzantine defeat at hands of Osmanlis at Baphaeon.
1302—Michael IX takes command of Slavic mercenaries in Asia Minor: they force him to allow their return to Europe.
Roger de Flor arrives at Constantinople with eight thousand Catalans, and is married to a niece of Andronicus.
1303—Catalans sack the island of Chios.
1305—Death of Ghazan Khan frustrates Byzantine hopes of a Mongol attack upon the emirs of Asia Minor.
Catalans compel the emir of Karamania to lift the siege of Philadelphia, but quarrel with Greeks and Slavic mercenaries. Roger exacts title of ‘Caesar’ from Andronicus, and is later assassinated by Michael IX at Adrianople.
1306-9—Catalan ‘Grand Company’ forms state at Gallipoli.
1310—Catalans leave for Greece, and set up military democracy in Athens.
The Knights of St. John of Jerusalem capture Rhodes.