Haldane, Lord, his mission to Germany in 1912, [54]

Hamidieh, Turkish cruiser, raids the Ægean, [304] note

Herreros against Germany, 20,44

Holepa, Pact of, [222]

Hussein Hilmi pasha, characterization of Macedonians, [237]

Italia Irredenta, [119-130]; meaning of the term "Irredentism," [120]; Cesare Balbo on the "Hope of Italy," [125]; the struggle to gain control of the Adriatic, [128]

Italy: sends ultimatum to Turkey to consent to the occupation of Tripoli, [247]; war begins September 30, 1911, [248]; decree annexing the African provinces of Turkey approved by Italian Parliament, November 5th, [250]; peace secured by Treaty of Lausanne, October 15, 1912, [260], [273]

Janina, surrendered to the Greeks, [311]

Jews, development of business sense, [49]; oppressed in Poland and Russia, [107], [117]

Kholm separated from the Kingdom of Poland in 1912, [106]