The Promise of American Life

by Herbert David Croly

• Economic liberty of the individual, [201]-[206].
• Economy, national vs. international, [235].
• Education,
  • chaotic condition of American system of, [318];
  • opportunity for state activities concerning, [346];
  • individual vs. collective, [399] ff.;
  • is the real vehicle of improvement, by which the American is trained for his democracy, [400];
  • American faith in, characterized by superstition, [400]-[402];
  • popular interest in, does not give importance to the word of the educated man, [403];
  • what constitutes the real education of the individual, [403]-[405];
  • efficiency of national, similarly, depends on a nation's ability to profit by experience, [405];
  • education of the individual cannot accomplish the work of collective national, [407];
  • value of a reform movement for, [408];
  • the work of collective, not complete in itself, but followed by certain implications, [428].
• Elzbacher, O., quoted, [235].
• Emancipation,
  • conditions of individual, [409] ff.;
  • attempts at individual, [421] ff.;
  • means of individual, [427] ff.
• Embargo,
  • Jefferson's policy of commercial, [42];
  • disapproved by Jackson and Western Democrats, [53].
• England,
  • faith of Englishmen in, [2];
  • an early example of political efficiency found in, [217];
  • increase of national efficiency of, by attention strictly to her own affairs, [219];
  • national development of, as contrasted with France, [220]-[221];
  • principles of nationality and of democracy in, [230] ff.;
  • national efficiency of, until recently, [231];
  • aristocracy in political system of, [231]-[232];
  • causes and remedies of loss of ground by, [232] ff.;
  • the principle of compromise carried too far by aristocracy of, [234], [238];
  • political and social subserviency in, resulting in political privilege and social favoritism, [236]-[237];
  • national idea of, is a matter of freedom, [267].
• Equality,
  • stress laid by Jeffersonian Democrats on, [44];
  • sacrifice of liberty for, by Jeffersonian Democrats, [44]-[45];
  • desire for, of Jacksonian Democracy, leads to war on office-holding clique and the National Bank, [57];
  • economic and social, in France, and questionable results, [245].
• Equal rights,
  • the Jeffersonian principle of, [44] ff.;
  • tradition of, results in bosses and trusts, [148]-[150];
  • the slogan of all parties, [151];
  • Roosevelt's inconsistency on the point of, [172];
  • the principle of, is the expression of an essential aspect of democracy, [180];
  • insufficiency of the principle, [181];
  • inequalities which have resulted from doctrine of, [182]-[183];
  • grievances resulting from doctrine, [185];
  • interference with, in Pure Food Laws, factory legislation, Inter-state Commerce Acts, etc., [191]-[192];
  • subordinated and made helpful to the principle of human brotherhood, [207]-[208];
  • a logical application of, would wrongly support competition against coöperation, [359].
• "Era of good feeling," [51].
• Evangelization, law of, [282].
• Executives of states,
  • proposed administrative system for, [338]-[341].

F

• Factory legislation,
  • justifiable class discrimination in, [191].
• Faguet, Emile, quoted, [193], [208].
• Farmers,
  • necessity of organization not felt by, [126];
  • present position of British, [235].
• Farming,
  • improvement of, in Prussia, [250];
  • value of specialization in, [430].
• Farm laborers, [396].
• Fashoda incident, [260].
• Federalism,
  • at close of Revolutionary War, represented by Hamilton, [28]-[29];
  • class which supported, [30];
  • views held by supporters of, of anti-Federalists, [32]-[33];
  • supporters of, founded national government on distrust of democracy, [33];
  • error and misfortune of so doing, [33]-[34];
  • the Hamiltonian brand of, shown in constructive legislation following framing of Constitution, [39];
  • reconciliation of Republicanism and, [46]-[47];
  • doubtful results of combination of Republicanism and, [50]-[51];
  • Whig doctrine of Clay contrasted with Hamilton's Federalism, [52].
• Federalist, Hamilton's, quotation from, [37].
• Federalists,
  • the Whigs an improvement on, [67].
  • See [Federalism].
• Financial policy of Hamilton, [39].
• Foreign policy,
  • of Great Britain, [8];
  • of European states, [254]-[264];
  • natural method of arriving at a definite, as shown by England and France, [257]-[258];
  • bearing of colonial expansion on, [260]-[262];
  • relation between national domestic policy and, [310].
• Foreign policy, American, [289] ff.;
  • the Monroe Doctrine in, [291]-[297];
  • of Jeffersonian Republicans, [292];
  • wisdom of continued policy of isolation, [298], [310];
  • correct policy would be to make American system stand for peace, [299];
  • international system advocated for South and Central America, and Mexico, [300]-[303];
  • the question of relations with Canada, [303]-[306];
  • suggested treaty bearing on relations between United States, Canada, and Great Britain, [306];
  • systematic development of, an absolute necessity, [306]-[307];
  • colonial expansion, [308]-[309];
  • questions of, raised by future of China, [309]-[310];
  • isolation of United States is only comparative, under modern conditions, [310].
• Fortunes,
  • the inheritors of great, [204], [382]-[384].
• France,
  • faith of Frenchmen in, [2];
  • origins of national state in, [218], [219];
  • effect of Revolution on national principle in, [223]-[224];
  • lack of representative institutions a defect in its government to-day, [228];
  • democracy and nationality in, [239] ff.;
  • a Republic proved to be best form of government for, [241]-[242];
  • democracy not thoroughly nationalized in, [242]-[243];
  • economic problem in, [244]-[245];
  • lack of national spirit in official domestic policy, [243]-[244];
  • failure of, as a colonial power as long as striving for European aggrandizement, [261];
  • national idea of, is democratic but is rendered difficult and its value limited, [268].
• Franchises,
  • American municipal policy toward public service corporations', [372]-[375].
• Freedom,
  • American tradition of, [421]-[422];
  • the failure to attain, [422] ff.
• Free trade in Great Britain, [234].
• French Revolution, the, [222] ff.

G

• Garrison, William Lloyd,
  • mental attitude and policy of, contrasted with Lincoln's, [95], [427].
• George, Henry, Jr., cited, [151].
• Germany,
  • effect of religious wars and lack of national policy in, during early development, [219];
  • nationality in, increased after Napoleon, [225];
  • outstripping of England by, industrially, [232], [233];
  • relation between democracy and nationality in, [246] ff.;
  • system of protection, state ownership of railways, improvement in farming, etc., [250];
  • result of "paternalism" has been industrial expansion surpassing other European states, [250]-[251];
  • position of, not so high as ten years ago, [251];
  • the Social Democrats, [251]-[252];
  • dubious international standing of, [252]-[253];
  • is the power which has most to gain from a successful war, [252]-[253];
  • is the cause of a better understanding between England, France, and Russia, [253]-[254];
  • effect of success or failure of foreign policy on domestic policy, [254];
  • further consideration of international position of, and bearing on disarmament question, [256]-[259];
  • colonial expansion of, despite her expectation of European aggrandizement, [261];
  • danger of this policy, [261]-[262];
  • national idea of, turns upon the principle of official leadership toward a goal of national greatness, [267]-[268].
• Governors of states, [119];
  • suggested reforms relative to administration of, [338] ff.;
  • "House of," proposed, [347].
• Great Britain,
  • effect of position of, on domestic and foreign policy, [8], [261];
  • question whether colonial expansion of, has been carried too far, [262];
  • relations between Canada and, [305]-[306];
  • suggested arrangement between United States and, relative to Canada, [306].
  • See [England].

H

• Hamilton, Alexander,
  • doctrines of, versus those of Jefferson, [28]-[29], [45]-[46], [153];
  • insight and energy of, saved states from disunion, [37];
  • quoted on the Constitution, [37];
  • importance of work of, in constructive legislation, [38]-[39];
  • broad view taken by, of governmental functions, [39]-[40];
  • doubtful theory of, regarding national debt, [40]-[41];
  • reasons for loss of popularity and influence of, [41]-[42];
  • philosophy of, concerning liberty and the method of protecting it, [44];
  • Roosevelt's improvement on principle of, [169];
  • adaptability of doctrines of, to democracy without injury to themselves, [214];
  • foreign policy of, [289]-[290], [292]-[293].
• Harriman, Edward, [202].
• Hearst, William R., [136], [151], [155];
  • as a reformer, [142], [143]-[144];
  • radicalism of, [163];
  • inconsistencies, factiousness, and dangerous revolutionary spirit of, [164]-[166];
  • viewed as the logical punishment upon the American people for their sins of wrong tradition, [166].
• Heresies of American Middle Period, and sterile results of, [422]-[426].
• Hill, James J., [202].
• Hodder, Alfred, quoted, [144], [160], [162].
• Holland,
  • possible incorporation of, with German Empire, [253].
• Holy Alliance,
  • political system established by, [226];
  • Monroe Doctrine the American retort to, [291].
• Home rule, municipal, [347]-[350].
• "House of Governors," proposed, [347].
• Howe, Frederic C., [151].
• Hughes, Governor, [135].
• Human brotherhood,
  • liberty and equality subordinated to principle of, in ideal democracy, [207]-[208];
  • the only method of realizing the religion of, [453].

I

• Ideal,
  • necessity of an individual and a national, [5]-[6].
• Income taxation, [384]-[385].
• Individual emancipation,
  • conditions of, [409] ff.;
  • attempts at, [421] ff.;
  • means of, [427] ff.
• Individualism,
  • found in both Federalists and Republicans at close of Revolution, [32];
  • free play allowed to, through triumph of Jefferson and defeat of Hamilton, [49];
  • attitude of the pioneer Western Democrat toward, [64]-[65];
  • disappearance of political, in the machine, [117]-[125];
  • encouragement of, and restriction of central authority, result in the "Boss" and the "tainted" millionaire, [148]-[149];
  • abandonment of the Jeffersonian conception of, necessary for real reform, [152]-[154];
  • in education, as opposed to collective education, [399]-[409];
  • damage to American individuality from existing system of economic, [409] ff.;
  • method of exercising influence of, on behalf of social amelioration, [441] ff.
• Individuality,
  • place of, in Middle West of pioneer days, [63]-[65];
  • disappearance of, in work of the specialist in later development of the country, [102]-[103];
  • injury to, from, existing system of economic individualism, [409]-[410];
  • real meaning of, and of individual independence, [410] ff.;
  • question of how a democratic nation can contribute to increase of, [413].
• Industrial corporations,
  • regulation, of, [378]-[379].
  • See [Corporations].
• Industrial legislation,
  • class discrimination in, [191].
• Inheritance tax,
  • a graduated, [381]-[385].
• Inheritors of fortunes, [204], [382]-[384].
• Initiative,
  • movement in favor of, in state governments, [320].
• Insane asylums,
  • improvement of, as a function of the state, [345].
• Institutional reform, [315] ff.
• Insurance companies,
  • attempted regulation of, by various state governments, [355].
• Internal improvements,
  • the Whig policy of, [66];
  • failure of, [67]-[68].
• International relations of European states, [254]-[264].
  • See [England], [France], [Germany], and [Russia].
• International socialism, a mistake, [210]-[211].
• International system,
  • a stable American, [300] ff.;
  • coöperation of Latin-American states and Mexico in, [300]-[303];
  • place to be held by Canada in, [303]-[306];
  • systematic effort to establish, a plain and inevitable consequence of the democratic national principle, [307];
  • peace in an, [311]-[312].
• Inter-state commerce,
  • question of state or Federal control of, [351]-[357];
  • policy to be followed by central government toward, [357]-[368].
• Inter-state Commerce Law, [112]-[113];
  • an example of class legislation, [191].
• Isolation,
  • loss to an individual or a nation from, far more than the gain, [263]-[264];
  • comparative nature of, of United States, [310]-[311];
  • religious sanctity given to tradition of, of United States, [313].
• Italy,
  • national feeling in, after Napoleonic epoch, [225].

J