§ 5. The "group-demand" theory of wages as held by some trade unions, based on a similar misconception. Valid, sometimes, from group point of view; unsound from point of view of labor in general.
§ 6. The second important force determining wages is the relative plenty or scarcity of the different groups or agents of production. How this governs the share of the product going to wage earners.
§ 7. Many important modifying forces to the influence upon wages of relative plenty or scarcity. The most important considered.
§ 8. The forces determining the sharing out of the product of industry summarized. The idea of normal equilibrium in distribution a mistaken one.
§ 9. A brief analysis of the factors which determine actual plenty or scarcity of the different agents of production at any one time.
§ 10. The third important force introduced—the relative plenty or scarcity of different kinds of labor. The existence of relatively separate groups of wage earners discussed. The nature of an investigation of the principles of wages.
Chapter IV—Principles of Wages (Continued) [69]
§ 1. We have next to examine the causes of formation of relatively separate groups of wage earners.
§ 2. What is meant by a "relatively separate group"?