Essays: Scientific, Political, & Speculative; Vol. 3 of 3 / Library Edition (1891), Containing Seven Essays not before Republished, and Various other Additions.

by Herbert Spencer

SUBJECT-INDEX.

(For this Index the Author is indebted to F. HOWARD COLLINS, Esq., of Edgbaston, Birmingham.)

• A priori, method, III, [199]–203.
• Absolute, The:
  • Martineau on, II, 250–8;
  • and relativity of knowledge, II, 260.
• Abstract, definition of, II, 78.
• Abstract nouns, succeed concrete, I, 323.
• Abstraction, comparative psychology, I, 365–6.
• Accommodation bills:
  • morals of banking, III, [133]–7;
  • state tamperings with money, III, [326]–35, [335]–47.
• Acoustics:
  • genesis, II, 57, 60–1;
  • “beats,” II, 169–70.
• Acquisitiveness, comparative psychology, I, 367.
• Action and reaction:
  • universal, III, [101];
  • the axiom, III, [221].
• Activity, relation to growth, I, 63–4.
• Adaptation:
  • individual and social, III, [277]–8;
  • of alimentary canal, III, [421].
• Address, forms of, III, [15]–6.
• Adelaide, Admiralty certificate of, III, [239].
• Adjective, collocation of substantive, III, [340]–1.
• Administrative Nihilism, the title, II, 438, 442.
• Admiralty, ship certificates, III, [239].
• Adulteration:
  • examples, III, [113];
  • silk, III, [124]–7.
• Æsthetics, and natural selection, I, 408.
• Agriculture, in France, III, [267]–8.
• Air, expansion without pressure, I, 118.
• Alas! intonation of, II, 409.
• Albert, Prince, on rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [284].
• Algæ:
  • development and homogeneity, I, 90;
  • cell membrane, I, 439;
  • cells, I, 446.
• Algebra:
  • genesis, II, 56;
  • classification of sciences, II, 85;
  • subject matter, II, 113, 115;
  • evolution, II, 156;
  • (see also Mathematics.)
• Alimentary canal:
  • evolution, III, [204];
  • dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, [406];
  • and nervous system, III, [409];
  • adaptation, III, [421].
• Allegory, compound metaphor, II, 354.
• Allotropism, complexity of elements, I, 155, 373.
• Alternative necessity, law of, II, 191–2.
• Altruism:
  • development, I, 346–50;
  • comparative psychology, I, 367–9.
• Amazon, burning of the ship, III, [239].
• America:
  • paleontological evidence, I, 17;
  • effects of subsidence, I, 42–3;
  • age of rocks, I, 200–5, 206, 209, 210;
  • admiration for wealth, III, [149]–51;
  • progress in, III, [278];
  • paper currency, III, [328], [345];
  • liberty, III, [381]–2;
  • militancy and industrialism, III, [415]–6, [484]–92;
  • politics, III, [457];
  • the Americans, III, [471]–92;
  • New York, III, [472];
  • Cleveland, III, [472];
  • free institutions, III, [472];
  • patents, 473;
  • freedom, III, [473]–4, [477];
  • republicanism, III, [474]–5;
  • education, III, [475]–6;
  • character, III, [476], [482]–7;
  • railways, III, [478];
  • future, III, [479]–80;
  • hair, III, [482];
  • health, III, [482], [483]–4;
  • pleasures in, III, [482]–3;
  • causes of over-activity, III, [487]–92.
• Amœba, instability of homogeneous, I, 86.
• Amsterdam, English enterprise in, III, [278].
• Analysis, psychology and classification, I, 245–57.
• Anarchy, and despotism, III, [159].
• Anatomy:
  • transcendental, I, 63;
  • organic correlation, I, 96–101.
• Andes, age of rocks, I, 200–1.
• Andrews, Prof. T., researches, I, 164–7.
• Anger:
  • natural language of, I, 340–50;
  • indications, II, 402, 404, 405;
  • and laughter, II, 462–3.
• Anglesea, age of rocks, I, 198.
• Animals:
  • number of species, I, 1–2;
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 14–7, 35;
  • structure, I, 73, 76, 372–3;
  • form, I, 73, 76;
  • chemical composition, I, 74, 76;
  • specific gravity, I, 74, 76;
  • temperature, I, 74, 76;
  • self-mobility, I, 75, 76;
  • evolution and homogeneity, I, 83–4;
  • distribution and heat, I, 223–4;
  • also terrestrial change, I, 224–6;
  • social analogy, I, 272–7;
  • origin of worship, I, 308–30;
  • indistinguishable from plants, I, 375–6;
  • function, I, 392–3;
  • gracefulness, II, 381, 385;
  • muscular excitement, II, 400, 403.
• Annulosa:
  • integration, I, 67–71;
  • division of labour, I, 287–8;
  • nervous system, I, 300;
  • controlling system, III, [407].
• Anthropology, comparative psychology of man, I, 351–70.
• Antipodes, belief in, II, 199.
• Anti-realism, H. Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 242–50.
• Aphis, development, I, 65–6.
• Apoplexy:
  • belief in spirits, I, 311–2;
  • heart disease, I, 411.
• Appleton, D. & Co., as publishers, III, [480].
• Approbation, love of, I, 36–7, II, 421.
• Arago, F. J. D.:
  • distribution of nebulæ, I, 112;
  • also forms, I, 122, 123, 124.
• Architect, the State as, III, [239].
• Architecture:
  • relation to painting and sculpture, I, 24;
  • types, II, 375–80;
  • symmetry in buildings, II, 376–7;
  • Gothic type, II, 374, 377, 378;
  • Grecian, II, 376, 377, 378.
• Argyll, Duke of, criticism of, I, 467–78.
• Arithmetic, and test of necessity, II, 196–7; (See also Mathematics.)
• Army:
  • malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [233], [247], [257], [308], [310], [399];
  • parliamentary rep­re­sen­ta­tives, III, [297], [303], [304];
  • compulsory co-operation, III, [451]–4.
• Arrest, H. L. d’, planetoids, I, 174.
• Art:
  • recognition of likeness, II, 34;
  • interdependence of the arts, II, 68–71;
  • use and beauty in historical pictures, II, 373;
  • contrast in, II, 373–4;
  • English and continental, III, [430].
• Arthur, Sir G., Van Diemen’s Land convicts, III, [161].
• Articulata, nervous system, I, 301.
• Assyrians:
  • language and painting, I, 25–6;
  • sculpture, I, 26, 29.
• Astronomy:
  • evolution and increase in heterogeneity, I, 10–11, 35;
  • nebular hypothesis and multiplication of effects, I, 38–9, 59;
  • history and generalization in, I, 192;
  • geology and earth’s motion, I, 221–4;
  • analogy from survival of the fittest, I, 478;
  • science and common knowledge, II, 3;
  • Hegel’s classification, II, 13;
  • Comte’s, II, 21–7;
  • genesis, II, 48–9, 52, 55;
  • genesis of trigonometry, II, 55–6;
  • genesis of physical, II, 59;
  • interdependence of sciences, II, 66–7, 70–1;
  • and abstract science, II, 80;
  • and concrete, II, 88–92;
  • terrestrial evolution, II, 94–9;
  • deals with aggregates, II, 99;
  • Bain on classification of sciences, II, 111;
  • also Mill, II, 114;
  • discovery of laws, II, 149;
  • evolution, II, 152;
  • judgments of reason and common sense, II, 243–4;
  • laws of motion, II, 271–5, 283–8;
  • motion of system, II, 293;
  • exact science, III, [199].
• Australia:
  • size of the human limb, I, 17;
  • age of rocks, I, 206;
  • fauna, I, 216.
• Australian, the ship, and admiralty certificate, III, [239].
• Austria, paper currency, III, [345].
• Authority, and intelligence, III, [311].
• Axioms:
  • knowledge implied by, II, 270, 277–88;
  • origin of physical, II, 298–301, 313–4, 315–20;
  • Thomson and Tait on physical, III, [220]–1.
• Babinet, M., on nebular hypothesis, I, 121.
• Bach, J. S., and heredity, I, 407.
• Bacon, Francis, Viscount St. Alban’s:
  • organization of sciences, II, 121;
  • literary style, II, 365;
  • “A crowd is not company,” III, [44].
• Bacteria, action of light, I, 465–6.
• Baer, C. von, formula of, and general evolution, I, 35, II, 137–8.
• Bail, prison discipline, III, [180]–7.
• Baillie-Cochrane, Mr., on Munich prison, III, [172].
• Bain, A.:
  • Emotions and the Will, I, 241–64;
  • Mental and Moral Science, I, 332;
  • classification of sciences, II, 105–17;
  • on logic, II, 105–6;
  • mathematics, II, 106–7;
  • incongruities, II, 463.
• Balfour, F. M.:
  • on invagination, I, 452;
  • development of nervous system, I, 454.
• Ball, embryological analogy, I, 452.
• Balloon, reason for ascent, I, 427.
• Ballot, Carlyle on, III, [300].
• Balzac, H. de, quoted, II, 364.
• Bank notes:
  • forgery, III, [134];
  • issue, III, [349]–50, [352], [355].
• Bank of England:
  • advances by, III, [330]–5, [335]–47;
  • note issue, III, [349]–50.
• Bankers, local integration, I, 103.
• Banking:
  • morals of trade, III, [131]–7;
  • accommodation bills, III, [133]–7;
  • evolution, III, [255]–6.
• Bankruptcy:
  • morals of trade, III, [129]–31;
  • and Bank of England, III, [330]–2, [341];
  • evils of law, III, [438]–9.
• Banks:
  • State tamperings, III, [326]–57;
  • joint-stock, III, [347]–54;
  • and free-trade, III, [355]–7;
  • and government, III, [425]–7.
• Barbadoes, sugar, III, [122].
• Barnacle goose, myth of, II, 162.
• Barometer:
  • action, I, 426;
  • scientific knowledge, II, 3, 5.
• Baron, the title, III, [15], [28].
• Barracks, malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [233], [257].
• Barristers:
  • and traders, III, [139];
  • number in parliament, III, [298], [303], [304].
• Barter, and measures, II, 46; (see also Exchange.)
• Bas-relief, increase in heterogeneity, I, 26, 27.
• Beats, acoustical, II, 169–70.
• Beauty:
  • officialism, I, 335–6;
  • and use, II, 370–4;
  • personal, II, 387–99.
• Bees:
  • sex of, I, 48;
  • analogy for distribution of nebulæ, I, 114.
• Beethoven, L. von:
  • heredity, I, 406;
  • Adelaïde of, II, 447.
• Beliefs:
  • and pedigree, I, 108;
  • different meaning of, II, 188–91, 193, 222.
• Berkeley, Bishop, subject and object, II, 329.
• Berlin:
  • English enterprise, III, [278];
  • water supply, III, [429].
• Bills of accommodation, morals of banking, III, [133]–7.
• Biluchis, robbery, III, [218], [221].
• Biology:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 14–7, 35;
  • multiplication of effects, I, 46–53;
  • concrete science, II, 89–92;
  • deals with aggregates, II, 103;
  • Bain on classification, II, 109–11;
  • origin of species, II, 131;
  • evolution of science, II, 153;
  • universality of law, II, 159;
  • organic matter and incident forces, II, 177;
  • organic dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, [405].
• Birds:
  • in newly discovered lands, I, 255–6;
  • use and disuse, I, 418;
  • colour as illustrating propositions, II, 205–8;
  • muscular excitement, II, 400, 403;
  • origin of music, II, 428;
  • evolution, II, 438.
• Black horse, the phrase, II, 340.
• Blacksmith, arm and heredity, I, 475.
• Blackstone, Sir Wm., persons ineligible for parliament, III, [296].
• Blister:
  • effect on walking, I, 403;
  • action of medicine, I, 448.
• Blood:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 47;
  • nutrition and growth, I, 289;
  • function and supply, I, 290;
  • social analogy, I, 291–8;
  • mental mass and bodily state, I, 354.
• Board-meetings, railway, III, [77]–80.
• Bondage, from freedom to, III, [445]–70.
• Bones:
  • evolution and ratio of, I, 17;
  • weight in duck, I, 417–8;
  • water hen, I, 418.
• Bookkeeping:
  • railway, III, [59];
  • officialism, III, [253].
• Books, serial arrangement, II, 28.
• Botany:
  • classification, II, 64;
  • discovery of laws, II, 150.
• Bow, the obeisance, III, [18], [19].
• Braid, morals of trade, III, [119].
• Brain:
  • effect on viscera, I, 290;
  • analogy to parliament, I, 302–5;
  • mental and bodily mass, I, 353–4;
  • size of jaw, I, 397;
  • embryo development, I, 454.
• Bribery:
  • of buyers, III, [114]–8;
  • of juries, III, [396].
• Bricks:
  • position of falling, I, 99;
  • and building, III, [239];
  • tax on, III, [243].
• British Association, and government, III, [436].
• British Quarterly Review, criticism, II, 267–301, 315–20.
• Bronze, multiplication of effects, I, 55–6.
• Brown-Séquard, E., epilepsy in guinea pigs, I, 415–6.
• Builders, strike of, III, [363]–4, [365], [383].
• Buildings Acts:
  • failure, III, [239], [240]–1, [275];
  • displacements caused by, III, [281];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [301].
• Bull-dog, jaws of, I, 401.
• Burial, primitive ideas, III, [6]–11.
• Buyers, in clothing trades, III, [114]–8.
• Cabet, S., Icarian colony, III, [457].
• Cabs:
  • officialism, III, [250];
  • in New York, III, [291];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [302].
• Cadence, defined, II, 422.
• Caird, Rev. Princ., reply to criticism, II, 219–21.
• Calculus:
  • implies absolute equality, II,38;
  • classification of sciences, II, 84;
  • evolution, II, 156.
• Cambium, in plants, I, 450.
• Cambrian system, thickness, I, 231.
• Campbell, G., on style, II, 338–9.
• Canals:
  • first English, III, [257];
  • officialism, III, [267].
• Candles:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 37;
  • morals of trade, III, [128];
  • Price’s school, III, [256].
• Cannibalism, in Fiji, III, [217]–8.
• Cannon ball, disintegration, I, 436.
• Caoutchouc, effects of, I, 58.
• Capital:
  • direction of flow, III, [101]–3, [264];
  • amount of railway, III, [108];
  • relative and absolute ethics, III, [155]–7;
  • State tamperings with, III, [326]–35, [335]–47.
• Captains, certificated, of ships, III, [241].
• Caradoc sandstone, age, I, 201.
• Carat, a small bean, II, 44.
• Carboniferous system, origin, I, 237.
• Carlyle, Thomas:
  • on people, III, [293];
  • the ballot, III, [300];
  • the real rulers, III, [316]–7;
  • quotation from Heroes and Hero-worship, II, 357.
• Carpenter, W. B., evolution and paleontology, I, 16.
• Carus, P., on Kantian ethics, III, [206]–7.
• Castles:
  • use and beauty, II, 371;
  • situation, II, 376.
• Cat, muscular excitement, II, 400–1, 403.
• Catalepsy, belief in spirits, I, 311–2.
• Caterpillar, mistake by, I, 419.
• Causation:
  • establishment of belief, I, 109;
  • ignorance of, III, [487]–92.
• Cause:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 37;
  • consciousness of, II, 127;
  • proportionality to effect, II, 300–1, 302–5, 305–7, 310–11, 318–20.
• Cell, doctrine of, I, 442–3.
• Centralization, French, III, [268].
• Cerebrum, consciousness of, rep­re­sen­ta­tive, I, 303.
• Ceremony:
  • increase of heterogeneity, I, 20–1;
  • evolution, III, [11]–6, [23], [50];
  • obeisances, III, [17]–22;
  • primitive man, III, [24];
  • Chinese, III, [25];
  • evolution of governments, III, [27]–8, [50].
• Cerney springs, III, [387]–92.
• Chaldeans, prediction of eclipses, II, 48–9.
• Chalk, complexity of, III, [195]–6.
• Chancery:
  • rules, III, [232];
  • malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [247], [272];
  • dread of, III, [396].
• Change:
  • pleasure of, III, [454];
  • universal, III, [458]–60.
• Charity, and government, III, [434].
• Charlotte, The, naval malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [234].
• Cheek-bones, personal beauty, I, 390–2.
• Cheltenham, water supply, III, [387]–92.
• Chemistry:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 43–5, 59;
  • unstable equilibrium, I, 83;
  • organic evolution, I, 83–4;
  • complexity of elements, I, 155–9, 371–4;
  • organic synthesis, I, 374;
  • genesis, II, 51, 58, 60;
  • galvanic electricity, II, 61;
  • classification, II, 64;
  • abstract concrete science, II, 85–8;
  • terrestrial evolution, II, 95–9;
  • deals with properties, II, 102, 103;
  • Bain on classification, II, 107–11;
  • elements, II, 195;
  • development, II, 423.
• Cheques (see Money).
• Chesil Beach, size of stones, I, 432.
• Chicken, evolution of mind, I, 377.
• Chiefs:
  • dif­fer­en­tia­tion, I, 284–5;
  • duties and individual nervous system, I, 299–307;
  • primitive belief in spirits, I, 344.
• Children:
  • emotions and expression, I, 339–50;
  • lack generalization, I, 354;
  • and traits of savage, I, 355;
  • mental variability, I, 356–7;
  • impulsiveness, I, 358;
  • vocabulary, II, 336;
  • poor law and illegitimate, III, [244];
  • old and new education, III, [277].
• China, manners and fashion, III, [25].
• Chisholme, Mrs., colonization society, III, [258].
• Cholera, private and state enterprise, III, [238]–9.
• Chopin, F., character, II, 417.
• Chrysalis, transformations, II, 163.
• Church:
  • dif­fer­en­tia­tion from State, I, 21;
  • officialism, III, [251], [252];
  • corn laws, III, [361];
  • franchise and rates, III, [362].
• Circle, relation to hyperbola, I, 5.
• Circulars, morals of trade, III, [123]–4.
• Cirrhipedia, classification, I, 248.
• Civilization, development of sympathy, II, 425.
• Classification:
  • psychology and analysis, I, 245–57;
  • historical, I, 248;
  • non-linear of sciences, II, 27–9;
  • recognition of likeness and unlikeness, II, 29–31, 34;
  • and language, II, 31–3, 40;
  • and reasoning, II, 33, 34, 40;
  • genesis of science, II, 63–5, 72;
  • (See also Sciences, Classification of the.)
• Clearing house, banker’s, III, [425].
• Climate:
  • increase of heterogeneity, I, 13–4, 35;
  • and paleontological evidence, I, 221–4.
• Coach:
  • and railway travelling, III, [110]–2;
  • Palmer, III, [441].
• Coats of arms, derivation, I, 28.
• Cognitions, defined, I, 261–2, II, 241.
• Coleridge, S. T., sonnet quoted, II, 352.
• Colligation, the word, II, 368–9.
• Colloids, evolution of life, I, 374.
• Comets, origin, direction and constitution, I, 125–8, 153, 177–8.
• Common sense:
  • judgment of reason, II, 243–4;
  • anomalies, III, [401]–4, [445].
• Companies (see Joint-stock companies.)
• Comparative Psychology (see Psychology.)
• Compass, faulty Admiralty, III, [234], [252].
• Competition:
  • effect of railway, III, [97], [106]–7;
  • effects, III, [448]–9;
  • American, III, [487]–92.
• Comte, A.:
  • classification of sciences, II, 15–29;
  • mathematics, II, 15–19;
  • astronomy, II, 21–3;
  • progress of mathematics, II, 56;
  • on gravitation, II, 65, 66;
  • on education, II, 72, 133;
  • Littré on classification of, II, 74–6;
  • abstract and concrete science, II, 79;
  • science and positivism, II, 118–22, 128, 139;
  • origin of knowledge, II, 122–5;
  • propositions of, II, 125–32;
  • and social statics, II, 134–7;
  • Mill on philosophy, II, 143;
  • Fouillée on, II, 143–4;
  • progress from simple to complex, II, 147;
  • positivism rejected by Mr. Spencer, II, 221.
• Concrete:
  • precedes abstract, I, 323;
  • definition, II, 78.
• Conduct (see Morals.)
• Conglomerate, origin, I, 444.
• Conic sections, relation of circle to hyperbola, I, 5.
• Conscience:
  • corporate and individual, III, [61]–2;
  • Kant on human, III, [192];
  • Lubbock, III, [192]–3;
  • and duty, III, [210]–1.
• Consciousness, the phrase, state of, II, 326–7.
• Conservatism:
  • and social state, I, 356;
  • of women, I, 363;
  • Emerson on, III, [35];
  • effects, III, [43]–4.
• Contract:
  • principle of, III, [90], [108];
  • and expediency, III, [95]–6;
  • railway proprietary, III, [108]–12;
  • enforcement in Spain, III, [218];
  • effect of breaches, III, [220];
  • State to enforce, III, [334], [336].
• Contractors:
  • sociological division of labour, I, 106;
  • railway, III, [72]–4, [83], [88], [108].
• Contrast:
  • in literature and art, II, 373–4;
  • in music, II, 444, 446.
• Convicts (see Prison Ethics.)
• Coöperation:
  • needful to social life, III, [450];
  • voluntary, III, [450]–1;
  • compulsory, III, [451]–4;
  • and socialism, III, [454]–6.
• Copernicus, N., solar theory, I, 193.
• Copula, arrangement of sentences, II, 342–4.
• Corn laws:
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [294];
  • and clergy, III, [361].
• Corporations, rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [289].
• Correlation, organic, I, 96–101.
• Costume:
  • and political opinion, III, [1]–5, [30];
  • reform and custom, III, [30]–6, [36]–7;
  • development, III, [447].
• Cotton:
  • industry and locality, I, 104;
  • manufacture, II, 68.
• Counterpoint, origin of music, II, 448.
• Counties, social development, I, 288.
• Courage, emotional expression, I, 343–50.
• Crabs, of Kentucky caves, I, 400–1, 402.
• Creation (see Special creation.)
• Credit, State tamperings with money, III, [326]–35, [335]–47.
• Creed:
  • fatal to science, I, 463;
  • use and beauty, II, 371.
• Criminals (see Prison Ethics.)
• Critical point, of gases, I, 164–7.
• Critics, faith in, II, 322.
• Crofton, Captain, prison discipline, III, [186].
• Cromwell, O., and rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [315]–6.
• Croshek, the name, I, 313.
• Crosse, A. F., on Hungarian music, II, 449.
• Croydon, board of health, III, [241].
• Crustacea, integration, I, 68–71.
• Cubit, length of, II, 43, 44.
• Curiosity, comparative psychology, I, 364–5.
• Curtsy, obeisance, III, [18]–9.
• Custom:
  • and political opinion, III, [1]–5, [30];
  • Eastern, III, [25];
  • and reform, III, [30]–6, [36]–7;
  • effect on railways, III, [110]–2.
• Cuvier, Baron de, organic correlation, I, 96–101.
• D’Alembert, J. le R., composition of forces, II, 24.
• Damaras, ethics of the, III, [193].
• Dancing:
  • origin and dif­fer­en­tia­tion, I, 30–2;
  • grace in, II, 381, 382;
  • and pleasure, II, 402;
  • evolution, II, 441.
• Darwin, Charles:
  • natural selection of one variation, I, 407, 421;
  • natural selection and heredity, I, 408–12, 421;
  • on E. Darwin, I, 417;
  • inheritance of functionally produced changes, I, 417–21, 422;
  • origin of music, II, 426–37;
  • on the phrase natural selection, I, 429;
  • effect of changed conditions, I, 433.
• Darwin, Dr. E., organic evolution, I, 390–1, 397.
• Davy, Sir H., chemical elements, III, [195].
• Dawn, as name, I, 318, 319, 324.
• Death:
  • primitive ideas, III, [6];
  • punishment and associations, III, [158], [187];
  • duty and inclination, III, [212], [213], [215];
  • rate in barracks, III, [257];
  • improvement in rate, III, [447].
• Deduction:
  • and physiology, I, 77–81, 107;
  • qualitative and quantitative science, II, 7.
• Deer, growth of horns, I, 393.
• Defoe, D., Complete English Tradesman, III, [141].
• Deities, primitive ideas, III, [6]–11, [12].
• De la Beche, Sir H., paleontological evidence, I, 205.
• Democracy, change inaugurated, III, [49].
• Desire, associated with talent, I, 54.
• Despotism:
  • and social state, I, 268, III, [313];
  • and anarchy, III, [159];
  • and rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [309]–10.
• Development:
  • hypothesis, I, 1–7;
  • relation to function, I, 63–4;
  • (see also Evolution.)
• Devonian System, age of, I, 203–5, 210.
• Dewar, Prof., complexity of elements, I, 162.
• Differentiation, sociological, I, 102–7.
• Directors:
  • and railway companies, III, [52]–63, [69];
  • and shareholder’s interests, III, [82]–8, [108];
  • morals of banking, III, [131]–7.
• Disease:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 47;
  • dissimilar effects, I, 100;
  • beliefs about, II, 153;
  • criminality, III, [167];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [301], [304];
  • body and nerve functions, III, [419]–22, [443].
• Distribution, individual and social, I, 291–8.
• Dividends, railway, III, [57], [98].
• Division of labour:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 53–8;
  • sociological, I, 105–6, 292–3, III, [323];
  • illustrations and growth, I, 266;
  • social and individual nervous system, I, 299–307;
  • progress of science, II, 24–7.
• Dixon, T. H., on Norfolk Island convicts, III, [176].
• Dogs:
  • size of jaws, I, 398–400, 401, 422;
  • use and disuse, I, 469–71;
  • simile of Hodgson, II, 231–3;
  • gracefulness, II, 381, 385;
  • muscular excitement, II, 400, 403;
  • origin of music, II, 428.
• Don, the title, III, [14].
• Downes, Dr., on light and protoplasm, I, 465–6.
• Drama:
  • cause of laughter, II, 461;
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [301].
• Draper, honesty and bankruptcy, III, [129]–31.
• Drawing, comparative psychology, I, 366.
• Dreams, belief in spirits, I, 310–3.
• Dress:
  • and political opinion, III, [1]–5, [30];
  • custom and reform, III, [30]–6, [36]–7;
  • and extravagance, III, [36]–7;
  • and enjoyment, III, [40]–6.
• Drunkenness, and temperance, III, [446].
• Duck, weight of bones, I, 417–8.
• Duty:
  • Kant and pursuit of happiness, III, [207]–9;
  • and inclination, III, [209]–13.
• Dyeing, morals of trade, III, [125].
• Dymond, J., Principles of Morality, I, 346.
• Dynamics, Comte’s classification, II, 19.
• Ear, embryological development, I, 454.
• Earth:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 11–4, 35;
  • rotatory movement, I, 135, 136;
  • number of satellites, I, 139;
  • density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52;
  • size, I, 145;
  • paleontology and motion, I, 221–4;
  • laws of motion, II, 272, 283–8;
  • (see also Geology.)
• Ease, and grace, II, 382.
• East Indies, effects of upheaval, I, 49–52.
• Echoes, belief in spirits, I, 310–3.
• Eclipse, prediction of, II, 48.
• Ectoderm:
  • development, I, 284;
  • social and individual analogy, I, 298–9;
  • dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, [405].
• Education:
  • comparative psychology, I, 370;
  • development of science, II, 72;
  • Comte’s views, II, 133;
  • and conservatism, III, [43];
  • old and new, III, [277];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [301];
  • parliamentary reform, III, [375]–9;
  • and government, III, [435]–6;
  • development, III, [446], [459]–60;
  • American, III, [475]–6.
• Effect:
  • proportionality to cause, II, 300–1, 302–5, 305–7, 310–11, 318–20;
  • relation to cause, III, [487]–92.
• Egg, evolution of mind, I, 377.
• Egyptians:
  • language and painting, I, 25–6;
  • sculpture, I, 26–7, 29, 30;
  • music, I, 32.
• Electricity:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 59;
  • genesis of galvanic, II, 61;
  • Whewell on progress of theory, II, 62;
  • abstract-concrete science, II, 88;
  • mode of molecular motion, II, 126;
  • what is? 168–72, 186–7;
  • also thermo-, II, 172–6;
  • statical and molecular motion, II, 180–3, 186–7;
  • induction, II, 183;
  • voltaic and molecular motion, II, 183–4, 186–7.
• Elements, complexity of, I, 155–9, 162, 371–4.
• Ell, the measure, II, 44.
• Ellipse, relation to circle, I, 5.
• Embryo:
  • relation to adult, I, 6;
  • early changes in, I, 445;
  • development, I, 451–8.
• Embryology:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 17–9;
  • multiplication of effects, I, 48;
  • organic correlation, I, 97;
  • importance of, II, 8–9;
  • von Baer’s formula, II, 137–8.
• Emerson, R. W.:
  • Lectures on the Times, II, 354;
  • use and ornament, II, 370;
  • on conservatism, III, [35].
• Emotion:
  • Bain’s definition, I, 258–60;
  • defined, I, 262;
  • of beauty, I, 335–6;
  • relation to idea, I, 336;
  • expression in children, I, 339–50;
  • and intellect, I, 353, II, 465;
  • sexual sentiment, I, 363–4;
  • sociality, freedom, approbation, and acquisitiveness, I, 366–7;
  • poetry and effect on language, II, 357–61;
  • demonstration of, II, 401–3;
  • nervous and muscular system, II, 453–8;
  • physiology of laughter, II, 458–64;
  • waste, repair, and language, II, 361–7;
  • and health, III, [481].
• Empiricism:
  • reasoning of, II, 201–5;
  • test of truth, II, 214–7.
• Endoderm:
  • development, I, 284;
  • dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, [405].
• Endymion, the myth, I, 326, 327.
• Energy, conservation and persistence of force, II, 295.
• Engel, Carl, on ancient music, II, 414.
• Engineers:
  • and railways, III, [68]–72, [83], [88], [108];
  • society, III, [362]–3, [365];
  • English and French, III, [427]–8.
• Engines, dissimilarity of similar, I, 99.
• England:
  • government in, I, 302–5;
  • enterprise in, III, [278]–80;
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government in, III, [305]–9, [318]–9;
  • militancy and industrialism, III, [416];
  • political liberty, III, [445].
• English language:
  • words, II, 336–8;
  • Latin and Greek words, II, 367–9.
• Entomology, insect transformations, II, 163.
• Epiblast, development, I, 452–3.
• Epilepsy:
  • belief in spirits, I, 311–2;
  • in guinea pigs, I, 415–6.
• Equality:
  • relations of likeness, I, 35–7, 40;
  • quantitative prevision, II, 41–9;
  • and barter, II, 46;
  • and mechanics, II, 50;
  • and law, II, 52;
  • and astronomy, II, 53;
  • hydrostatics, II, 57;
  • optics, II, 57;
  • acoustics, II, 57;
  • dynamics, II, 58.
• Equity (see Justice.)
• Esquire, the title, III, [13], [28], [32].
• Ethics:
  • use and disuse, I, 463–5;
  • of lower races, II, 192–5;
  • Quarterly Review criticisms, II, 259–65;
  • absolute politics, III, [217]–28;
  • (see also Kant, Morality, Morals, Prison Ethics.)
• Euclid:
  • test of necessity, II, 198;
  • axioms, II, 282–3.
• Evidence, valuation of, II, 161–7.
• Evolution:
  • and special creation, I, 1–7;
  • of solar system, I, 128–31;
  • law of elements, I, 156;
  • Hugh Miller on, I, 219;
  • geological record, I, 226–32, 232–40;
  • emotional, I, 250–7;
  • of mind, I, 263, 376–8;
  • of animal worship, I, 329;
  • comparative psychology of man, I, 352;
  • mental and bodily mass, 353–4;
  • rate of mental, I, 355;
  • mental variability, I, 356–7;
  • impulsiveness, I, 357–9;
  • Martineau on, I, 371–88;
  • complexity of elements, I, 371–4;
  • of life from not life, I, 374–5;
  • plants and animals indistinguishable, I, 375–6;
  • the word, I, 380;
  • and originating mind, I, 381–6;
  • materialism, I, 386–8;
  • and catastrophism in geology, I, 389–90;
  • Dr. Darwin and Lamarck, I, 390–1,397;
  • and reproductive system, I, 409, 412, 422–5;
  • summary on use and disuse, I, 421–5;
  • effect of conditions, I, 427–35;
  • of life, I, 458–60, 460–2;
  • Huxley on, I, 462–3;
  • terrestrial, II, 94–9;
  • von Baer’s formula, II, 137–8;
  • outline of synthetic philosophy, II, 140–2;
  • advance in complexity of science, II, 150–7;
  • Quarterly Reviewer on, II, 261–5;
  • Prof. Tait on, II, 274–5;
  • relation of thoughts to things, II, 320;
  • Prof. Green on, II, 323;
  • limitation of traits, II, 438;
  • of musical scales, II, 440–1;
  • of dancing, II, 441;
  • of music, II, 448–9;
  • Kant and, III, [197]–9, [206]–7;
  • and Kantian assumptions, III, [203]–6, [206]–7;
  • officialism, III, [255];
  • individual and social, III, [263]–5;
  • railways, III, [266];
  • language, III, [402]–3;
  • universal, III, [458];
  • industrialism, III, [459];
  • education, III, [459]–60;
  • prospective, III, [491]–2.
• Exchange:
  • origin, I, 54, II, 46;
  • State tamperings with money, III, [326]–35, [335]–47.
• Exchequer bills, and Bank of England, III, [331].
• Excitement, poetry and effect on language, II, 357–61.
• Excluded middle, law of, II, 191–2.
• Expediency:
  • doctrine of, III, [95]–6;
  • relative and absolute ethics, III, [152]–7, [188], [333];
  • and penal code, III, [159]–63, [188].
• Experience hypothesis:
  • origin of knowledge, II, 122–5;
  • reasoning of empiricism, II, 201–5;
  • consciousness of object, II, 211–4;
  • and a priori truths, II, 287–8.
• Extravagance:
  • and fashion, III, [36]–7;
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [290]–1;
  • good for trade, III, [293].
• Eyes:
  • position in development, I, 71–2, 454;
  • brighter from good news, II, 402.
• Factors of organic evolution, I, 389–478.
• Faculties, exhausted by exercise, II, 361–7.
• Fainting, belief in spirits, I, 311–2.
• Farming, by owner and bailiff, III, [246].
• Fashion:
  • origin, III, [28];
  • extravagance of, III, [36]–7;
  • social intercourse and pleasure, III, [36]–46;
  • need of change, III, [46]–51;
  • prospect, III, [51].
• Father, the title, III, [12], [13], [21].
• Faye, M.:
  • solar constitution, I, 182;
  • solar spots, I, 183–4, 188–9.
• Feathers, structure and function, I, 392.
• Features, and personal beauty, II, 387–99.
• Feelings:
  • definition, I, 262–4;
  • evolution, I, 263–4;
  • indications of, II, 400–3;
  • loudness of voice, II, 404–5;
  • also timbre, II, 405, 411;
  • and pitch, II, 406, 411;
  • and intervals, II, 406–9, 411;
  • variability of pitch, II, 409, 411;
  • emphasis and time in music, II, 412–3;
  • relation of music to sympathy, II, 424–6;
  • nervous and muscular system, II, 453–8.
• Feet, obeisance of uncovering, III, [17].
• Fetichism, political, III, [393]–400.
• Figures of speech, II, 350–5.
• Fiji:
  • ethics in, III, [193];
  • life in, III, [217]–8, [221].
• Fingers:
  • heredity and number, I, 413–4, 475;
  • and memory, II, 465.
• Fire, indirect effects, III, [242].
• First Principles:
  • Martineau on, II, 250–8;
  • data of philosophy, II, 286.
• Fish:
  • evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7;
  • temperature, I, 75, 76;
  • self-mobility, I, 76;
  • paleontological remains, I, 227, 235, 240;
  • eating of, III, [47];
  • anomalies, III, [401].
• Flint implements, discovery, I, 413.
• Flocculi, appearance of nebulæ, I, 118–25.
• Food:
  • absorption and deductive biology, I, 77–81;
  • for the dead, I, 311–2;
  • nutrition, III, [408];
  • and government, III, [423]–4.
• Foot, the measure, II, 44.
• Force:
  • cognition of its persistence, II, 269, 275;
  • Tait on central forces, II, 290–3;
  • persistence and conservation of energy, II, 295;
  • relation to motion, II, 310–4.
• Forgery, III, [134].
• Forms of thought, consciousness of object, II, 211–4.
• Fossils (see Paleontology.)
• Fouillée, Alfred, on Comte’s philosophy, II, 143–4.
• Fowls, use and disuse, I, 418.
• France:
  • English and French sheep, II, 396, 398;
  • agriculture and officialism, III, [267]–8;
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [318]–9, [320];
  • paper currency, III, [345];
  • liberty in, III, [381];
  • banks in, III, [426];
  • engineering, III, [427]–8.
• Franchise (see Parliamentary Reform.)
• Freedom:
  • manners and customs, III, [30]–6, [36]–7, [46]–51;
  • to bondage, III, [445]–70;
  • loss of American, III, [473]–4, [477], [478]–9.
• Free trade:
  • effects on industry, I, 22–3;
  • and officialism, III, [268]–70;
  • and banking, III, [356].
• Friendly societies, and individualism, III, [433]–4.
• Frog, reflex action, II, 308.
• Fugue, origin, I, 33.
• Function:
  • relation to growth, I, 63–4;
  • and to integration of parts, I, 73;
  • and to structure, I, 249.
• Galactic circle, nebular distribution, I, 112.
• Galton, F., English Men of Science, I, 360.
• Ganglia (see Nervous System.)
• Gas:
  • heat and liquifaction, I, 164–7;
  • English enterprise, III, [278].
• Gastrula stage, of embryos, I, 452, 457.
• General:
  • Comte’s use of word, II, 20;
  • definition, II, 79.
• Generalization:
  • universal tendency, I, 192;
  • absent in children, I, 354;
  • comparative psychology, I, 365–6.
• Generosity, comparative psychology, I, 368.
• Genius:
  • literary style, II, 365–7;
  • non-recognition, III, [299]–300.
• Geology:
  • special creation and evolution, I, 6–7;
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 11–4, 14–7, 35;
  • life and multiplication of effects, I, 39–46, 49–53;
  • illogical, I, 192–240;
  • evolution of, I, 192–8;
  • Wernerian, I, 194–7;
  • Huttonian, I, 195–7;
  • age of systems, I, 198–205;
  • and paleontological evidence, I, 205–12;
  • past and present changes, I, 212–8;
  • Hugh Miller’s doctrines, I, 218–20;
  • breaks in record, I, 220–6, 226–32, 232–40;
  • original object of Geological Society, I, 241;
  • catastrophism and evolution, I, 389–90;
  • genesis, II, 60;
  • concrete science, II, 89–92;
  • terrestrial evolution, II, 95–9;
  • deals with aggregates, II, 100;
  • English map, II, 257;
  • (see also Earth.)
• Geometry:
  • Comte’s classification, II, 16–21;
  • origin, II, 40, 151;
  • genesis, II, 48–50, 59;
  • genesis of trigonometry, II, 55–6;
  • interdependence of science and art, II, 69;
  • and abstract science, II, 79–80;
  • classification of sciences, II, 84;
  • the name, II, 113, 115;
  • evolution, II, 155;
  • test of necessity, II, 198–200.
• Gerard, E., Hungarian music, II, 450–1.
• Gesticulation, and language, II, 335.
• Ghost:
  • the word misleading, I, 311;
  • outline of theory, III, [8].
• Giraffe, correlation of parts, I, 402–5.
• Glück, C. W. von, Handel on, II, 448.
• Gnomon, use, II, 53–4.
• God:
  • belief in personal, II, 223;
  • primitive ideas, III, [6]–11, [12], [23].
• Gold:
  • digging for, and evolution, III, [264];
  • efflux of, III, [341]–3;
  • (see also Money.)
• Good, meaning of word, III, [202].
• Gothic, allied to vegetative style, II, 376, 377, 378.
• Gould, J., on colour of birds, I, 433.
• Gout, and heredity, II, 395.
• Government:
  • dif­fer­en­tia­tion of, I, 21;
  • ideal society, II, 131–2;
  • evolution and divergence of, III, [22], [24]–30, [50];
  • criminal code, III, [157];
  • what is rep­re­sen­ta­tive government good for? III, [283]–325;
  • belief in English, III, [284];
  • flaws, &c., III, [284]–91;
  • selection of rep­re­sen­ta­tives, III, [291]–300;
  • individualism and the state, III, [416]–37, [442]–4;
  • and food supply, III, [423]–4;
  • banks, III, [425]–6;
  • engineering, III, [427]–8;
  • water supply, III, [429];
  • art and literature, III, [430]–1;
  • and churches, III, [434];
  • charity, III, [434];
  • education, III, [435]–6;
  • railways, III, [437];
  • post-office, III, [440]–2;
  • (see also Over-legislation.)
• Gracefulness, II, 381–6.
• Grand, the word great, II, 368.
• Granite:
  • metamorphism, I, 229;
  • at Philæ, I, 437.
• Gravitation:
  • Newton and law of, II, 26–7;
  • discovery of laws, II, 148.
• Great, and the word grand, II, 367–9.
• Great Western Railway:
  • versus Rushout, III, [94];
  • and South Western, III, [97]–8;
  • and North Western, III, [107].
• Greece:
  • sculpture, I, 27, 30;
  • dancing, I, 31;
  • poetry, I, 31;
  • music, I, 33;
  • architecture, II, 376, 377, 378;
  • personal beauty, II, 391–3;
  • early poems, II, 414–8.
• Greek language:
  • Latin and English words, II, 367–9;
  • sociology and knowledge of, III, [377].
• Green, Prof. T. H., criticism, II, 322–32.
• Greenwich Hospital, funds, III, [398].
• Greyhounds, use and disuse in, I, 469–71.
• Grief, voice of, II, 405.
• Grocers, morals of trade, III, [121]–3.
• Grotz, A., on science and religion, II, 225.
• Growth:
  • relation to activity, I, 63–4;
  • various forms, I, 65–7;
  • social, I, 265–9, 306.
• Guinea pigs, epilepsy in, I, 415–6.
• Guizot, M.:
  • social aggregation, I, 282;
  • and specialization, I, 287;
  • political machinery, III, [276], [399].
• Gulliver, L., an imaginary, on English institutions, III, [305]–9.
• Gurney, E., on origin of music, II, 437–43.
• Habit (see Heredity.)
• Hair:
  • and political opinion, III, [1]–5;
  • obeisance of offering, III, [21];
  • colour of American, III, [482].
• Hallo! intonation of, II, 407.
• Hamburg, currency, III, [339].
• Hamilton, Sir W.:
  • on space, II, 191–2;
  • the word belief, II, 222–3;
  • Grotz on, II, 225;
  • necessity of causation, II, 320;
  • (see also Mill.)
• Hampstead Heath, II, 370.
• Hand:
  • the measure, II, 44;
  • ribbing of skin, I, 448;
  • rubbing together of hands, II, 402.
• Handel, G. F., on Glück, II, 448.
• Happiness, Kant and pursuit of, III, [207]–9; (see also Kant.)
• Harmony, origin of music, II, 448.
• Harp, strings in ancient, II, 415.
• Harris, Mr., on Norfolk Island convicts, III, [176].
• Hastings, railway service, II, 97.
• Hat, obeisance of removal, III, [20], [27], [47].
• Hayward, R. B., criticism, II, 307–14.
• Head:
  • obeisance of uncovering, III, [20];
  • putting dust on, III, [21].
• Health:
  • and criminality, III, [167];
  • failure of boards of, III, [241], [248], [290];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [301], [304];
  • body and nerve functions, III, [419]–22, [443];
  • and feeling, III, [481];
  • in America, III, [482], [483]–4.
• Heart.:
  • integration, I, 67;
  • disease, I, 410–11;
  • effect of emotion, II, 454, 455, 464;
  • and nervous system, III, [420]–1.
• Heat:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 37, 38, 39, 47, 59;
  • terrestrial effects of diminishing, I, 40–6;
  • cause of heterogeneity, I, 82;
  • nebular change, I, 118;
  • liquefaction of gases, I, 164–7;
  • terrestrial motion and paleontological evidence, I, 221–4;
  • rock metamorphism, I, 229–30, 232;
  • action on bodies, I, 436;
  • genesis of science, II, 62, 63;
  • abstract concrete science, II, 88;
  • what is thermo-electricity? II, 172–6;
  • effect on compound molecules, II, 178–80, 186;
  • insensible motion, II, 266–8, 276.
• Hegel, G. W. F.:
  • “to philosophize on Nature,” II, 10, 11;
  • classification of sciences, II, 12–5.
• Heraldry, and manners and fashion, III, [26], [27]–8.
• Heredity:
  • the general law, I, 64, 103, 104;
  • organic development, I, 90–2;
  • moral sentiments, I, 338;
  • effect of sex, I, 362;
  • size of jaw, I, 397–400, 422;
  • musical faculty, I, 406–7;
  • natural selection, I, 408–12;
  • functional modifications, I, 415–7;
  • Darwin’s belief in their inheritance, I, 417–21, 422;
  • summary on use and disuse, I, 421–5;
  • also their bearing on ethics, psychology, and sociology, I, 463–5;
  • Duke of Argyll’s criticism, I, 467–78;
  • personal beauty, II, 387–99;
  • officialism, III, [255].
• Hero-worship, III, [317].
• Herr, the title, III, [14].
• Herschel, Sir J.:
  • Magellanic clouds, I, 116–7;
  • form of nebulæ, I, 122, 124;
  • variation of terrestrial temperature, I, 222, 223;
  • complexity of elements, I, 372;
  • cause and effect, II, 306, 319.
• Herschel, Sir W.:
  • on nebulous matter, I, 110;
  • stellar magnitude and distance, I, 115;
  • stellar genesis, I, 129;
  • solar surface, I, 185, 187.
• Heterogeneity:
  • increase in, displayed by astronomy, I, 10–11, 35;
  • geology, I, 11–14, 35;
  • meteorology, I, 13–4, 35;
  • biology, I, 14–7, 35;
  • man, I, 17–9, 35;
  • society, I, 19–23, 35;
  • ceremony, I, 20–1;
  • religion, I, 20–3;
  • language, I, 23–6;
  • writing, I, 24–6;
  • the arts, I, 24–30;
  • poetry, music and drama, I, 30–2;
  • literature and science, I, 34–5;
  • development, I, 67;
  • (see also Multiplication of Effects.)
• History, measure of time, II, 45–9.
• Hobbes, T., commonwealth of, I, 270–2.
• Hodgson, S. H.:
  • criticism of, II, 225–34;
  • reply to Prof. Green, II, 321–2, 329.
• Homogeneous:
  • instability of the, I, 81–4, 459–60;
  • orderly heterogeneity, I, 84–93.
• Honesty:
  • in trade and bankruptcy, III, [129]–31, [138];
  • of lower races, III, [194];
  • state tamperings with money, III, [326]–35, [335]–47;
  • and social grade, III, [359];
  • and officialism, III, [397].
• Hornbills, head excrescences of, I, 392.
• Horns, evolution of, I, 395.
• Horse, the phrase black, II, 340.
• Hoskins, G. A., on Valencia prison, III, [177]–8.
• Huguenots, Smiles on the, I, 360.
• Humboldt, A. von, distribution of nebulæ, I, 113, 114, 115.
• Hume, D.:
  • subject and object, II, 329;
  • law codification, III, [258].
• Hungary, music in, II, 449.
• Hutton, James, geological theory, I, 195, 197.
• Hutton, Richard H., “a questionable parentage for morals,” I, 331–50.
• Huxley, T. H.:
  • evolution and biological heterogeneity, I, 17;
  • organic correlation, I, 96–101;
  • belief in double personality, I, 310;
  • on “Origin of Species,” I, 389–90;
  • on evolution, I, 462–3;
  • a creed fatal to science, I, 463;
  • specialized ad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [404]–5;
  • endoderm and ectoderm, III, [405];
  • function of parliament, III, [417];
  • and altruism, III, [433];
  • administrative nihilism, III, [438], [442]–4.
• Hybrids, origin of worship, I, 320–2, 329.
• Hydra, the, naval malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [234].
• Hydrogen, liquefaction, I, 160.
• Hydrostatics, genesis, II, 57, 59.
• Hydrozoa:
  • analogy to social organism, I, 280–3;
  • development, I, 284;
  • circulation, I, 291;
  • nervous system, III, [422].
• Hyperbola, relation to circle, I, 5.
• Hyperion, verse from, II, 344.
• Hypoblast, embryo development, I, 452–3, 455.
• Hypothesis, effect on observation, II, 162–7.
• Ice, temperature as illustrating propositions, II, 205–8.
• Idealism:
  • reasoning of, II, 201;
  • Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 242–50.
• Ideas:
  • relation to emotions, I, 336–8;
  • comparative psychology, I, 365–6;
  • actual and pseud-, I, 383.
• Idols, worship of, III, [393].
• Imitativeness, comparative psychology, I, 364.
• Impatience, indications of, II, 402.
• Impulsiveness, comparative psychology, I, 357–9.
• Inclination, and duty, III, [210]–1.
• Inconceivability, Mill on, II, 193–200.
• Incongruities, Bain on, II, 463.
• Incuriosity, comparative psychology, I, 364–5.
• Indeed! intonation of, II, 408.
• India:
  • prisons of, III, [189]–91;
  • ethics in, III, [193]–5;
  • failure of government, III, [249].
• Individual, and the State, III, [416]–37, [442]–4.
• Induction:
  • qualitative and quantitative science, II, 7;
  • electrical, II, 183.
• Industrialism:
  • and social organism, III, [412]–6;
  • development of, III, [459];
  • and unionism, III, [465];
  • in America, III, [487]–92.
• Industry:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 53–8;
  • effects of railways, I, 57;
  • boundaries ignored by, I, 289.
• Infant:
  • relation to ovum, I, 6;
  • resemblance to uncivilized, I, 18.
• Infusoria, cell membrane, I, 441.
• Insanity:
  • and heredity, I, 416, II, 396;
  • Pentonville Prison, III, [162];
  • and life, III, [164];
  • and bodily functions, III, [419]–20.
• Insects:
  • temperature, I, 75;
  • self-mobility, I, 76;
  • mimicry, I, 396;
  • colours of, I, 433;
  • metamorphosis, III, [410].
• Intaglio, increase of heterogeneity, I, 26.
• Integration:
  • longitudinal and tranverse, I, 67–73;
  • relation to function, I, 73;
  • sociological, I, 102–7.
• Intellect, effect of emotion, II, 465.
• Intelligence:
  • relation to sexual sentiment, I, 363–4;
  • and authority, III, [311].
• Intonation, origin in churches, II, 416.
• Invagination, Balfour on, I, 452.
• Involution, and evolution, I, 380.
• Ireland:
  • prison discipline, III, [174];
  • and bad legislation, III, [275];
  • currency in, III, [337], [344]–5;
  • bank of, III, [348].
• Irish elk, correlation of parts, I, 402.
• Iron:
  • analogy from cutting, I, 97–8;
  • industry and locality, I, 104;
  • complexity of, I, 373.
• Isomerism:
  • complexity of elements, I, 155;
  • evolution of life, I, 374–5.
• Italy, language, II, 423.
• Jam, association of ideas, I, 337.
• Jaw:
  • personal beauty, II, 389–90, 391;
  • size, I, 397–400, 473;
  • size of teeth, I, 401;
  • drooping from excitement, II, 464.
• Joint-stock companies:
  • history, III, [52], [108];
  • failure of Act, III, [241];
  • importance of, III, [257];
  • malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [286];
  • banking, III, [347]–54;
  • regulative system, III, [463].
• Jupiter:
  • rotatory movement, I, 135, 136;
  • motion of satellites, I, 137, 141–2;
  • number of satellites, I, 139–40;
  • density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52;
  • size, I, 145;
  • luminosity, I, 150;
  • orbit, I, 169.
• Juries, bribery of, III, [396].
• Justice:
  • re-rep­re­sen­ta­tive sentiment, I, 263;
  • development of sympathy, I, 347–50;
  • comparative psychology, I, 368;
  • and equity, II, 52;
  • and prison ethics, III, [165], [167], [180], [181];
  • political ethics, III, [225], [228];
  • faulty ad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [232], [235];
  • over-legislation, III, [272];
  • and rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [317]–23, [324], [380];
  • duty of state, III, [334];
  • and officialism, III, [395]–400;
  • needful to society, III, [469].
• Kames, Lord, arrangement of sentences, II, 343.
• Kant, I.:
  • forms of thought, II, 77;
  • space and time, II, 226–7, 229–32, III, [197]–9;
  • form and matter, II, 230–1, 232;
  • and experientialism, II, 234–5;
  • Max Müller on Spencer and, II, 235–8;
  • Spencer’s disagreement from, II, 238;
  • ethics, III, [192]–216;
  • on lower races, III, [192]–5;
  • examples of unaided perception, III, [195]–7;
  • reasoning of, III, [199]–203;
  • space, III, [203], [207];
  • on good will, III, [201]–3, [207];
  • and evolution, III, [203]–6, [207];
  • Carus on ethics, III, [206]–7;
  • pursuit of happiness, III, [207]–9;
  • duty and inclination, III, [209]–13;
  • ethical principles, III, [213]–6.
• Kent, W. S., on infusoria, I, 440.
• Kepler, J:
  • laws of, I, 36;
  • belief in planetary spirits, I, 108;
  • solar theory, I, 193.
• Kid, laughter caused by, II, 461–2.
• Kirchhoff, solar spots, I, 187.
• Kissing, obeisance of, III, [18].
• Kneeling, obeisance of, III, [19].
• Knight, the title, III, [15], [28].
• Knowledge:
  • common and scientific, II, 1–8, 29;
  • dependent on experience, II, 122;
  • relativity, II, 122, 220–1;
  • and word belief, II, 188–91;
  • Quarterly Reviewer on, II, 260;
  • and reasoning, III, [199], [201];
  • and political ethics, III, [225].
• Labour:
  • division of, I, 19–23, 283–91;
  • right to, III, [466].
• Lady, the title, III, [14].
• Lady of the Lake, quoted, II, 351.
• Laing, Mr., on railway construction, III, [105]–6.
• Lamarck, J. B. P. A. de M., organic evolution, I, 390–1, 397.
• Lancashire:
  • cotton industry, I, 266;
  • effect of railway competition, III, [97], [106].
• Landowners, railway policy, III, [63]–7.
• Landscape, appreciation of, I, 335–6.
• Language:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 23–6, II, 366–7;
  • belief in spirits, I, 311–2;
  • poverty of Australian, I, 315;
  • precedence of concrete nouns, I, 323;
  • comparative psychology, I, 365–6;
  • classification, II, 31–3, 34, 40;
  • Saxon words, II, 336–8;
  • under excitement, and poetry, II, 357–61;
  • emotional waste and repair, II, 361–7;
  • Latin, Greek, and old English, II, 367–9;
  • duality and development, II, 421–3;
  • sociology and knowledge, III, [302];
  • of subordination, III, [312];
  • evolution, III, [402]–3.
• Lankester, Prof. E. Ray, on heredity, I, 476.
• Laplace, P. S. Marquis de:
  • genesis and structure of solar system, I, 128–9, 130, 131;
  • planetary axial movements, I, 132–6;
  • lunar axial motion, I, 141;
  • motion of satellites, I, 142;
  • planetoids, I, 168, 174, 178.
• Latham, R. G., on grammar, II, 333.
• Latin, Greek and English words, II, 367–9.
• Laugel, M., on First Principles, II, 118.
• Laughter, physiology of, II, 452–66.
• Law:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 37;
  • genesis of science, II, 51;
  • belief in natural, II, 123;
  • conditions affecting discovery, II, 145–8, 148–50;
  • evolution of sciences, II, 150–7;
  • prospective, II, 157–9;
  • universality of, II, 159–60;
  • religion and manners, III, [4], [23];
  • and morality, III, [10]–11, [23], [50];
  • for primitive man, III, [24];
  • officialism and reform, III, [252], [258]–9;
  • and over-legislation, III, [272];
  • legal verbiage, III, [273];
  • cost, III, [308];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [317]–23;
  • knowledge of, and parliamentary reform, III, [375]–9;
  • (see also Over-legislation.)
• Lawyers:
  • and railways, III, [67]–72, [83], [88], [108];
  • in parliament, III, [298], [303], [304].
• Leather, morals of trade, III, [123].
• Leaves, cells in, I, 446.
• Legislation, and social growth, I, 265–9; (see also Over-legislation.)
• Length, morals of trade, III, [118]–9.
• Lepchas, ethics, III, [193], [194].
• Liability (see Banks and Joint-Stock Companies).
• Liberalism, behaviour of party, III, [464].
• Liberty:
  • French idea of, II, 343;
  • traits of reform, III, [30]–6;
  • social use, III, [46]–51;
  • degree of, for people, III, [381];
  • in America, III, [473]–4, [477], [478]–9.
• Libraries, free, III, [370].
• Licensing law, failure, III, [244].
• Liebig, J. von, analogy from blood corpuscles, I, 293–4.
• Life:
  • evolution from not-life, I, 374–5;
  • plants and animals indistinguishable, I, 375–6;
  • evolution of mind, I, 376–8;
  • survival and degree of, I, 405–8, 421;
  • evolution and action of medium, I, 458–60, 460–2;
  • primitive ideas of, III, [6]–11;
  • maintenance and prison ethics, III, [163]–71;
  • failure of assurance act, III, [241]–2;
  • sociology and knowledge of, III, [304];
  • and pleasure, III, [315];
  • and sociology, III, [325];
  • increase in longevity, III, [447];
  • Mill and Spencer on, III, [485].
• Life Drama, quoted, II, 351, 353.
• Light:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 37, 38, 39, 59;
  • action on bodies, I, 436;
  • and on protoplasm, I, 465–6;
  • genesis of science, II, 61;
  • polarization, II, 63;
  • effect on molecules, II, 178;
  • perception of white, III, [196];
  • (see also Optics).
• Likeness:
  • of classification, II, 29–31, 34;
  • of language, II, 31–3, 34;
  • of reasoning, II, 33–4;
  • of art, II, 34;
  • relation to equality, II, 35–7.
• Lindsay, W. S., Admiralty certificate, III, [239].
• Literature:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 34–5;
  • multiplication of effects, I, 57;
  • use and beauty, II, 371;
  • contrast in, II, 373–4;
  • popularity of authors, III, [299]–300;
  • and sociology, III, [376]–7;
  • English and continental, III, [430]–1.
• Littré, E., on Comte’s classification, II, 74–6, 81–3.
• Liver:
  • development, I, 106;
  • use and disuse, I, 419.
• Liverpool, and Manchester railway, III, [63], [266].
• Liverworts, cells in, I, 446.
• Locke, J.:
  • and experientialism, II, 234–5;
  • and evolution, II, 237.
• Locomotive engine:
  • effects of, I, 56–8;
  • balance weight, II, 383.
• Logic:
  • Hegel’s classification, II, 12–5;
  • implies equality, II, 40;
  • abstract science, II, 77, 81–5;
  • terrestrial evolution, II, 99;
  • Bain on relation to psychology, II, 105–6;
  • Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 241;
  • Tristram Shandy on, II, 333.
• London:
  • and Birmingham railway, III, [63];
  • New River to, III, [257];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [289];
  • water supply, III, [429].
• Lord, the title, III, [12]–5, [21].
• Love:
  • Darwin and origin of music, II, 426–37;
  • also Gurney, II, 437–43.
• Loyalty, and social state, III, [312].
• Lubbock, Sir John:
  • derivation of tribal names, I, 314;
  • Origin of Civilization, I, 331;
  • conscience of lower races, III, [192]–3;
  • banker’s clearing house, III, [425]–6.
• Lungs:
  • development, I, 67, 106;
  • use and disuse, I, 419;
  • relation to voice, II, 404–5.
• Lyell, Sir C.:
  • age of rocks, I, 204;
  • paleontological evidence, I, 205, 208–12;
  • geological hiatus, I, 220–1;
  • uniformitarianism and geological record, I, 227, 229.
• Lyre, increase in heterogeneity, I, 32, II, 415.
• Machine, and organism, III, [456]–8.
• Machinery, disliked by labourers, III, [362], [376].
• Macaulay, Lord, on Post-office, III, [441].
• Mackintosh, Sir J., on constitutions, I, 265, 269.
• MacLennan, J. F., plant and animal worship, I, 308–9, 320.
• Maconochie, Captain, “mark” prison system, III, [175]–7.
• Madam, the title, II, 14, 26.
• Magellanic clouds, Sir J. Herschel on, I, 116–7.
• Magnetism, abstract concrete science, II, 88.
• Magnificent, and the word grand, II, 367–9.
• Magnitudes, relation of thought, II, 252–3.
• Maize, transformation of, I, 434.
• Majority, right of, III, [89], [94].
• Mammalia:
  • evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7;
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 17–9;
  • temperature, I, 75, 76;
  • self-mobility, I, 76;
  • organic correlation, I, 97;
  • paleontological remains, I, 227, 238, 240;
  • imitation of evolution, II, 438.
• Mammary glands, evolution, I, 395.
• Man:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 17–9, 35;
  • multiplication of effects, I, 52–3;
  • traits of primitive, III, [24].
• Manchester, electors in, III, [385].
• Manners:
  • and fashion, III, [1]–51;
  • evolution of ceremonies, III, [11]–6, [23], [50];
  • origin, III, [28];
  • Swift on, III, [44].
• Mansel, Dean H. L.:
  • criticism, II, 221–5;
  • Grotz on, II, 225.
• Marchantia, cells in, I, 446.
• Mariana, quoted, II, 356.
• Marmion, quoted, II, 343.
• Mars:
  • rotatory motion, I, 135, 136;
  • number of satellites, I, 139–40;
  • and motion, I, 142;
  • density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.
• Marsupialia, integration, I, 69–70.
• Martineau, Rev. J.:
  • on evolution, I, 371–88;
  • criticism, II, 250–8.
• Master, the title, III, [15], [16].
• Materialism, and evolution, I, 386–8.
• Mathematics:
  • things learnt, II, 1;
  • Oken on, II, 10–11;
  • Comte’s classification, II, 16–21;
  • implies equality, II, 40;
  • genesis, II, 48–50;
  • abstract science, II, 77, 84–5;
  • terrestrial evolution, II, 99;
  • deals with relations, II, 102, 103;
  • Bain on nature of, II, 105–6;
  • origin, II, 151;
  • evolution, II, 156;
  • ultimate truths, II, 283;
  • exact science, III, [199]–200;
  • and political ethics, III, [225];
  • mental development, III, [255];
  • and sociology, III, [303], [305].
• Matter:
  • discovery of laws, II, 148;
  • inscrutable, II, 247;
  • Martineau’s criticism, II, 257;
  • properties, II, 277, 315–6.
• Mayer, J., as physicist, II, 269, 314.
• Measurement:
  • origin of weight, II, 43–5;
  • of time, II, 45–6.
• Mechanics:
  • Comte’s classification, II, 19;
  • genesis, II, 50, 56, 59;
  • abstract concrete science, II, 85–8,101;
  • terrestrial evolution, II, 97;
  • Bain on science classification, II, 112;
  • science classification, II, 117;
  • origin, II, 151;
  • evolution, II, 155, 156;
  • real and ideal, III, [222]–3.
• Mechanics’ Institutes, rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [286].
• Medicine, association of ideas, I, 337.
• Medusa, vascular system, I, 79.
• Megœra, naval malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [234].
• Melbourne, the, and Admiralty certificate, III, [239].
• Memory:
  • and test of truth, II, 215;
  • and emotion, II, 465.
• Mendelejeff, D., complexity of elements, I, 155.
• Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, F., character, II, 417.
• Mercantile Marine Act, failure of, III, [260], [276], [295].
• Mercury:
  • rotatory movement, I, 135, 136;
  • number of satellites, I, 139;
  • density, I, 144;
  • density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.
• Mesoblast, embryo development, I, 453, 455.
• Metallurgy, genesis, II, 51.
• Metamorphic rocks, age, I, 198.
• Metamorphosis, universal, III, [458]–60.
• Metaphor, and simile, II, 352–4.
• Metaphysics:
  • Comte on, II, 123;
  • reasoning of, II, 201–5;
  • relation to physics, II, 268.
• Metaphyta, origin, I, 444.
• Metazoa:
  • origin, I, 444;
  • embryo development, I, 451–8.
• Meteorology:
  • increase in heterogeneity of climates, I, 13–4, 35;
  • effect of American subsidence, I, 43;
  • concrete science, II, 92.
• Meteors:
  • constitution of comets, I, 127;
  • origin, I, 174–7.
• Metonymy, effectiveness, II, 350.
• Mettray, reformatory, III, [173].
• Militancy:
  • political ethics, III, [227]–8;
  • and industrialism, III, [416];
  • in America, III, [484].
• Milky way, distribution of nebulæ, I, 112.
• Mill, J. S.:
  • letter on morals to, I, 333;
  • classification of science, II, 114;
  • on Comte’s philosophy, II, 143;
  • on Hamilton and word belief, II, 188–91;
  • noumenal existence, II, 191–2;
  • inconceivable and unbelievable, II, 193–200;
  • test of necessity, II, 196;
  • general agreement with, II, 217;
  • on the State and banks, III, [348], [357];
  • on life, III, [485].
• Miller, Hugh:
  • life and doctrines, I, 218–20;
  • terrestrial life, I, 220.
• Mimicry:
  • of savages, I, 364;
  • evolution, I, 396.
• Mineralogy, and classification, II, 64, 92, 108.
• Mind (see Psychology.)
• Missionaries, development, III, [458]–9.
• Mivart, Prof. St. George, genesis of species, I, 332.
• Mole, pelvis in, I, 97.
• Molecules, mutual action and electricity, II, 178–84, 184–7.
• Molesworth, Sir W., on buildings acts, III, [240].
• Mollusca:
  • great age of, I, 217;
  • circulation, I, 296.
• Molluscoida, social analogy, I, 281.
• Monaclinæ, cell membrane, I, 440.
• Monarchy, and rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [309]–10, [310]–7, [317]–23.
• Money:
  • analogy to blood corpuscles, I, 293–4;
  • trading with bad, III, [141];
  • state tamperings with, III, [326]–57;
  • and joint-stock banks, III, [347]–54;
  • and free trade, III, [355]–7; anomaly
  • of interest, III, [401].
• Monkeys, origin of music, II, 432.
• Monotremata, integration, I, 69–70.
• Monsieur, the title, III, [14], [15].
• Montesinos, Captain, prison discipline, III, [177]–8.
• Month, measure of time, II, 45–9.
• Moon:
  • axial motion, I, 141;
  • heat and contraction, I, 149;
  • as name, I, 317, 327.
• Moquin-Tandon, A., plant leaves, I, 433.
• Morality:
  • Quarterly Review criticism, II, 259–65;
  • and law, III, [10]–11, [23], [50];
  • and awe of authority, III, [311];
  • average social, III, [359], [360].
• Morals:
  • and moral sentiments, I, 331–50;
  • parentage of, I, 331–4, 334–50;
  • the science of right conduct, I, 333;
  • relation to expediency, I, 333;
  • prospect, III, [30], [51];
  • average of, and trade, III, [137]–40.
• Moray, Sir R., on Barnacle geese, II, 162.
• Mosses, cell membrane, I, 439.
• Motion:
  • of animals and plants, I, 75, 76;
  • discovery of laws, II, 148;
  • implies thing moving, II, 205–6, 207;
  • inscrutable, II, 247;
  • insensible forms, II, 266, 276;
  • Tait on laws of, II, 271–5;
  • Spencer on laws of, II, 297–320;
  • axioms and laws of, II, 298–301, 315–20;
  • relation to force, II, 310–4;
  • and gracefulness, II, 381–6.
• Mouat, Dr. F. J., on prisons, III, [189]–91.
• Moulton, J. F., British Quarterly Review, II, 307.
• Mountains:
  • age and altitude, I, 13;
  • formation, I, 40;
  • as name, I, 318.
• Mozart, J. C. W. T.:
  • heredity, I, 406;
  • character, II, 417;
  • Addio of, II, 447.
• Mucous membrane, effect of surroundings, I, 449, 450.
• Müller, F. Max:
  • mis­in­ter­pre­ta­tion of names, I, 315, 327;
  • on abstract nouns, I, 323, 324;
  • criticism, II, 235–8.
• Multiplication, various forms, I, 65–7.
• Multiplication of effects:
  • general, I, 35–8;
  • astronomy, I, 38–9;
  • geology, I, 39–46;
  • biology, I, 46–53;
  • sociology, I, 53–8;
  • science, literature and art, I, 59.
• Munich, prison, III, [171]–3
• Murchison, Sir R.:
  • Silurian system, I, 199, 231;
  • paleontological evidence, I, 206;
  • azoic rocks, I, 228.
• Murder, social co-operation, III, [217]–20, [224].
• Muscle:
  • waste and repair, I, 362;
  • evolution, I, 396;
  • size of jaws, I, 398–400, 422;
  • origin of music, II, 403–4;
  • nervous system and action of, II, 453–8;
  • laughter and action of, II, 458–64.
• Music:
  • origin, I, 30–1;
  • increase in heterogeneity, 31–4;
  • comparative psychology, I, 366;
  • development of faculty, I, 406–7;
  • Kantian ideas of space, II, 227;
  • contrast in, II, 373;
  • origin and function, II, 400–51;
  • originally vocal, II, 403–4;
  • feelings and loudness of voice, II, 404, 410;
  • and timbre, II, 405, 411;
  • pitch, II, 406, 411;
  • intervals, II, 406–9, 411;
  • variability of pitch, II, 409, 411;
  • tremolo, staccato, and slur, II, 412;
  • time in, II, 412–3;
  • slow divergence from speech, II, 414–8;
  • indirect evidence of theory, II, 418–20;
  • function, II, 420–4;
  • relation to sympathy, II, 424–6;
  • Darwin on origin, II, 426–37;
  • of lowest tribes, II, 433–7;
  • Gurney on origin, II, 437–43;
  • evolution of scales, II, 440–1;
  • sensational effects, II, 443–4;
  • perceptional, II, 445–7;
  • emotional, II, 447;
  • harmony, II, 448;
  • counterpoint, II, 448;
  • and evolution, II, 448–9;
  • Hungarian, II, 449–51;
  • and social intercourse, III, [41], [42];
  • sensation of sound, III, [197];
  • indirect effects, III, [245];
  • free, III, [370].
• Myddelton, Sir Hugh, New River, III, [257], [429].
• Mythology, primitive, III, [6]–11.
• Myths, origin of animal worship, I, 322–8.
• Nails, heredity and negro blood, II, 396.
• Names:
  • origin of animal worship, I, 311–7, 317–20, 328;
  • of hybrids, I, 320–2;
  • mis­in­ter­pre­ta­tion of nicknames, I, 325–8, 328–30;
  • classification, II, 31–3, 34, 40;
  • and evolution of ceremonies, III, [11]–6, [23].
• Napoleon I., and his marshals, III, [309].
• Natural selection:
  • essay on progress, I. 53;
  • the phrase, I, 428–30;
  • (see also Survival of the fittest).
• Navy:
  • malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [233]–4, [247], [248], [249], [251], [252], [399];
  • officers in parliament, III, [297], [304].
• Naylor, Rev. B., on Norfolk Island convicts, III, [176].
• Nebulæ:
  • appearance, I, 118–25;
  • Sir J. Herschel on regular and irregular, I, 122;
  • origin, direction and constitution of comets, I, 125–8, 153;
  • origin, I, 153.
• Nebular hypothesis:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 10–11;
  • discoveries of Herschel and Rosse, I, 110–2;
  • and ultimate mystery, I, 154;
  • evolution of heat and condensation, I, 159–63;
  • essay on, I, 108–84;
  • distance and distribution, I, 112–8.
• Necessity, Mill on test of, II, 196–200.
• Negro, heredity and nails, II, 396.
• Neptune:
  • axial motion, I, 133–6;
  • density, I, 144;
  • heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.
• Nervous system:
  • of savage and civilized, I, 18;
  • integration, I, 68–71;
  • analogous to government, I, 299–307;
  • development from epidermis, I, 454;
  • Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 238;
  • muscular action, II, 453–8;
  • dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, [406];
  • sympathetic, III, [408]–9;
  • and society, III, [418];
  • positive and negative regulation, III, [419], [443].
• New River Company, origin, III, [429].
• New York, government, III, [289], [291].
• New Zealanders, belief in another world, II, 223.
• Newcomb, Prof. S.:
  • nebular hypothesis, I, 121;
  • planetoids, I, 167–8.
• Newspapers, evolution, III, [431].
• Newton, Sir I.:
  • expansion of air, I, 118;
  • solar theory, I, 193;
  • gravity, II, 26–7, 291–3;
  • genesis of science, II, 59–60;
  • problem of three bodies, II, 112;
  • laws of motion, II, 271, 274, 277–88, 297–320.
• Nitrogen:
  • compounds, I, 157;
  • molecules, I, 158.
• Nod, as obeisance, III, [18].
• Nomenclature, genesis of science, II, 63–5, 72.
• Norfolk Island, prison, III, [175]–7.
• North British Review, on Social Statics, II, 134.
• Nose, personal beauty, II, 391.
• Nottingham, Enclosure act, III, [240].
• Nubecula, Sir J. Herschel on, I, 116–7.
• Number and classification, II, 37.
• Nummulites, Lyell on, I, 208.
• Nutrition:
  • individual and social, I, 289–90;
  • process, III, [408];
  • social, III, [413].
• Oak, acorn and music, II, 442.
• Obeisance, forms of, III, [17]–22, III, [25].
• Obermair, M., on prisons, III, [171].
• Object:
  • consciousness of, II, 211–4;
  • relation to subject, II, 323–32.
• Observation and hypothesis, II, 160–7.
• Officialism:
  • failure, III, [394], [395];
  • Lord Palmerston on, III, [395];
  • (see also Over-legislation).
• Offspring, and parents’ qualities, II, 395, 398.
• Oken, L., classification of sciences, II, 9–12.
• Olbers, H. W. M., hypothesis, I, 167, 171, 173.
• Old Red Sandstone (see Devonian System.)
• Omnibus, and officialism, III, [250].
• Oolite, age of, I, 202–5.
• Opium, dissimilar effects, I, 100.
• Optics:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 59;
  • genesis, II, 57, 59, 61;
  • interdependence of sciences, II, 66;
  • abstract concrete science, II, 85–8;
  • Bain on classification of sciences, II, 107.
• Orange, planet analogy, I, 133–4.
• Orders, signature of, III, [120].
• Organic matter:
  • chemistry, I, 83–4;
  • evolution, I, 458–60.
• Organisms:
  • dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, [405];
  • social and individual, III, [411]–6;
  • and machinery, III, [456]–8.
• Organs, rudimentary, III, [204].
• Origin of Species:
  • Huxley on, I, 389–90;
  • effect of, I, 393–4.
• Originality, literary style, II, 365–7.
• Ossian, quoted, II, 355.
• Osteology, correlation, I, 96–101.
• Over-legislation:
  • essay on, III, [229]–82;
  • individual uncertainty, III, [229]–31;
  • examples of failure in legislation, III, [231]–45;
  • probability of success, III, [245]–6;
  • slowness of, III, [246]–7;
  • stupidity, III, [247]–9;
  • unadaptive, III, [249];
  • corruptness, III, [250]–2;
  • fixity, III, [252];
  • officialism and trade contrasted, III, [253]–9;
  • is there a sphere for officialism? III, [259]–68;
  • free trade, III, [268]–70;
  • negative evils, III, [270]–6;
  • enervation of, III, [276]–80;
  • faith in governments, III, [280]–2;
  • dangers, III, [368]–70;
  • and collective wisdom, III, [391]–2.
• Ovum, relation to infant, I, 6.
• Owen, Prof. Sir R.:
  • evolution and paleontology, I, 16;
  • organic correlation, I, 96–101.
• Oxygen:
  • deductive biology, I, 77–81;
  • liquefaction, I, 160;
  • action on protoplasm, I, 465–6.
• Pacific Ocean, upheaval and geological record, I, 232–40.
• Pain:
  • expression in children, I, 339–50;
  • indications of, II, 401–3, 404;
  • loudness of voice, II, 404–5.
• Painting:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 24–30;
  • multiplication of effects, I, 59.
• Palmerston, Lord, III, [395].
• Palæozoic, the title, I, 15.
• Paleontology:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 14–7;
  • life and multiplication of effects, I, 49–53;
  • organic correlation, I, 96–101;
  • age of strata, I, 205–12;
  • past and present geological changes, I, 212–8;
  • gaps in record, I, 220–1, 226–32;
  • effect of climate on evidence, I, 221–4;
  • and of terrestrial change, I, 224–6;
  • effect of upheaval, I, 232–40.
• Panama Canal, III, [267].
• Pantheism, rejected by H. Spencer, II, 221.
• Paper tax, III, [243]; (see also Money.)
• Parents and offspring, II, 395–6, 398.
• Parabola, relation to circle, I, 5.
• Paradise Lost, quoted, II, 346.
• Parasites, natural selection, I, 379–80.
• Parkhurst, criminals at, III, [258].
• Parliament:
  • analogy to brain, I, 302–5;
  • railways and members of, III, [65]–7, [74]–7, [83], [86];
  • and parliamentary agents, III, [67]–71, [108];
  • right of majority, III, [94];
  • belief in acts, III, [109], [306]–7;
  • 20,000 statutes, III, [232];
  • officialism and acts of, III, [258]–9;
  • badly drawn acts, III, [273];
  • selection of members, III, [291];
  • members of, III, [295]–9;
  • ineligible members, III, [296];
  • bank act, III, [338], [339], [340];
  • private bills, III, [359];
  • Thames water supply, III, [387]–92;
  • function, III, [417];
  • (see also Over-legislation.)
• Parliamentary reform:
  • essay on, III, [358]–86;
  • apprehended dangers, III, [360]–8, [368]–70;
  • direct and indirect taxation, III, [370]–5;
  • value of rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [380];
  • Reform Bill, III, [380]–6.
• Passengers Act, failure, III, [241].
• Passion, social analogy, I, 269–71.
• Patent-office, accounts, III, [398].
• Patents:
  • failure, III, [456];
  • American, III, [473].
• Patterns, piracy, III, [126]
• Pedigree, importance, I, 108; (see also Heredity.)
• Peel, Sir Robert:
  • on legislation, III, [280]–1;
  • Bank Act, III, [338], [339], [340], [357].
• Penal code (see Prison ethics.)
• Pentonville, treatment at, III, [161]–2.
• Perception:
  • relation to science, II, 1–8;
  • presentative-rep­re­sen­ta­tive, I, 261.
• Perseverance, of savages, I, 375.
• Personal beauty, essay, II, 387–99.
• Perthes, B. de, flint implements, I, 413.
• Peru, social organization, III, [470].
• Pestalozzi, H. L., school name, III, [2].
• Phanerogams, pollen, I, 439.
• Philæ, granite at, I, 437.
• Philosophy, relation to religion, I, 60–2; (see also Comte.)
• Phosphorus, allotropic, I, 373.
• Physics:
  • Comte’s classification, II, 21–3;
  • genesis, II, 57, 59, 60, 61;
  • interdependence of sciences, II, 67;
  • abstract-concrete science, II, 85–8;
  • deals with properties, II, 101, 103;
  • relation to chemistry, II, 109–11;
  • evolution, II, 152, 156;
  • British Quarterly Reviewer on, II, 267–301;
  • relation to metaphysics, II, 268;
  • axioms, II, 270, 277–88, 297;
  • their origin, II, 298–301, 313–4, 315–20.
• Physiology:
  • transcendental, I, 63–107;
  • deductive, I, 76–81;
  • organic correlation, I, 96–101;
  • individual and social organism, I, 101–7;
  • concrete science, II, 92;
  • development, II, 423.
• Picnic, interest in, II, 374.
• Pictures, subjects of historical, II, 373; (see also Painting.)
• Pigeons:
  • beak and tongue, I, 401;
  • heredity and variation, I, 414–5;
  • use and disuse, I, 418;
  • origin of music, II, 428.
• Pigs, use and disuse, I, 419.
• Pins, stellar analogy, I, 161.
• Pitcher plant, evolution, I, 394.
• Pity, comparative psychology, I, 368.
• Placards, derivation, I, 28.
• Planetoids:
  • origin, I, 167–80;
  • number, I, 168, 171, 179;
  • distances, I, 169, 172, 179;
  • orbits, I, 169–70, 173–4, 179;
  • distribution, I, 171;
  • magnitudes, I, 172;
  • periods, I, 177;
  • velocity, I, 180.
• Planets:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 11;
  • origin, I, 39, 153;
  • direction, I, 127, 129, 153;
  • planes of, and solar equator, I, 131–2;
  • axial movements, I, 132–6, 153;
  • arrangement and number of satellites, I, 137, 139–41;
  • density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52;
  • structure, I, 163–7, 182;
  • origin of minor, I, 167–80;
  • origin of meteors, I, 174–7;
  • (see also Astronomy.)
• Plants:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 14–7, 35;
  • structure, I, 73, 76, 391–2;
  • form, I, 73, 76;
  • chemical composition, I, 74, 76;
  • specific gravity, I, 74, 70;
  • temperature, I, 74, 76;
  • self-mobility, I, 75, 76;
  • evolution and homogeneity I, 83–4;
  • heat and distribution, I, 223–4;
  • also terrestrial change, I, 224–6;
  • and animals, I, 375–6;
  • evolution and sensitive, I, 377;
  • cambium, I, 449–50.
• Plateau, J. A. F., fluid rotation, I, 131.
• Plato, Republic, 269–72.
• Pleasure:
  • expression in children, I, 339–50;
  • indications of, II, 401–3, 404;
  • loudness of voice, II, 404–5;
  • bodily effect, II, 454–8;
  • destroyed by formality, III, [36]–46;
  • and life, III, [315];
  • social and individual organism, III, [411];
  • American life, III, [489]–90.
• Plough, Hindoo worship of, II, 354.
• Plumber, action of pump, I, 425.
• Poetry:
  • origin and dif­fer­en­tia­tion, I, 30–2;
  • and prose, II, 357–61;
  • development of epic and lyric, II, 416;
  • and government, III, [430]–1.
• Pointers, use and disuse, I, 470–1.
• Police, officialism, III, [396]–7.
• Political economy:
  • and railways, III, [101]–3;
  • flow of capital, III, [264];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [303];
  • efflux of gold, III, [341]–3.
• Politics:
  • use and disuse, I, 463–5;
  • and costume, III, [1]–5, [30];
  • definition, III, [226].
• Polyzoa:
  • form, I, 73;
  • composition, I, 74;
  • not sea-weeds, I, 248;
  • analogy to social organism, I, 281.
• Poor law, action of, III, [244].
• Pope, A., literary style, II, 365.
• Porcupine, evolution of quills, I, 394–5.
• Positivism (see Comte.)
• Post-office:
  • and officialism, III, [252];
  • and government, III, [440]–2.
• Potato, complexity, III, [196].
• Poverty, effect of, III, [143]–9.
• Predicate, arrangement of sentences, II, 342–4.
• Preference stock, effect, III, [86]–8, [108].
• Prevision:
  • and science, II, 1–8;
  • origin of quantitative, II, 41–9.
• Printing:
  • increase of heterogeneity, I, 26;
  • analogy from press, I, 98, II, 33;
  • printer’s union rules, III, [364]–5;
  • anomaly, III, [401].
• Prison Ethics:
  • essay on, III, [152]–91;
  • relative and absolute ethics, III, [152]–7, [188];
  • treatment of criminals, III, [157]–63;
  • laws of life, III, [163]–71;
  • self-maintenance, III, [168]–71;
  • foreign prisons and reformatories, III, [172]–8;
  • evils of excessive punishment, III, [178]–80;
  • improved system of discipline, III, [180]–7, [189]–91;
  • and social state, III, [187]–9;
  • Indian prisons, III, [189]–91.
• Procter, R.A., nebular distance, I, 118.
• Profit, defined, I, 290.
• Progress:
  • its law and cause, I, 8–62, 81, III, [323];
  • current conception, I, 8–9;
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 9–10.
• Prometheus Unbound, quoted, II, 353.
• Promissory notes, State tamperings with money, III, [326]–35, [335]–47, [356].
• Property:
  • emotion of possession, I, 253, 263, 307, II, 421;
  • and parliamentary reform, III, [358]–60, [367]–8.
• Propositions:
  • the thinkable, I, 383;
  • ultimate test, II, 14;
  • states of consciousness, II, 205–8;
  • testing of reasoning, II, 208–11;
  • arrangement of sentences, II, 344.
• Prose:
  • and poetry, II, 357–61;
  • contrast in, II, 374.
• Protection, and officialism, III, [268]–70.
• Protophyta:
  • composition, I, 74;
  • self-mobility, I, 75;
  • instability of homogeneous, I, 86;
  • social analogy, I, 277;
  • cell membrane, I, 439.
• Protoplasm, action of light, I, 465–6.
• Protozoa:
  • dif­fer­en­tia­tion from environment, I, 73;
  • self-mobility, I, 75;
  • instability of homogeneous, I, 86;
  • social analogy, I, 277–83;
  • cell membrane, I, 440;
  • development, I, 452.
• Proudhon, P. J., policy, III, [417].
• Proxies, railway, III, [76], [78].
• Psychology:
  • relation of science to religion, I, 61–2;
  • The Emotions and The Will, I, 241–64;
  • organization provisional, I, 241–5;
  • classification of emotions, I, 245–57;
  • evolution of emotions, I, 250–7;
  • Bain’s definition of emotion and volition, I, 258–60;
  • also feeling and sensation, I, 260;
  • classification of mind, I, 260–4;
  • comparative, of man in outline, I, 351, 353;
  • mental and bodily mass, I, 353–4;
  • mental complexity, I, 354–5;
  • rate of development, I, 355;
  • relative plasticity, I, 355–6;
  • variability, I, 356–7;
  • impulsiveness, I, 357–9;
  • effect of race inter-mixture, I, 359–60;
  • effect of sex, I, 361–4;
  • imitativeness, I, 364;
  • curiosity, I, 364–5;
  • peculiar aptitudes, I, 366;
  • sociality, freedom, approbation, and acquisitiveness, I, 366–7;
  • altruistic sentiments, I, 367–9;
  • evolution of mind, I, 376–8, 381–6;
  • use and disuse, I, 463–5;
  • Hegel’s classification, II, 12–5;
  • concrete science, II, 92, 100;
  • terrestrial evolution, II, 96;
  • Bain on logic, II, 105–6;
  • origin of knowledge, II, 122–5;
  • Comte on, II, 131;
  • Sidgwick on Principles, II, 238–50.
• Publishers, local integration, I, 103.
• Pump, action of, I, 425–6.
• Punishment (see Prison Ethics.)
• Pyramids, architectural types, II, 379.
• Quakers:
  • intonation, II, 416;
  • nonconformity, III, [2].
• Quarterly Review, criticism, II, 259–65.
• Rabbits, use and disuse, I, 418.
• Railways:
  • effects, I, 56–8;
  • distributing systems, I, 296–8;
  • morals and policy, III, [52]–112;
  • directors, III, [52]–63, [69];
  • extensions, III, [56]–9, [71]–2, [82]–8, [91], [94], [96], [101]–7, [107]–8;
  • dividends, III, [57], [98]–9, [105]–6;
  • book-keeping, III, [59];
  • and land-owners, III, [63]–7;
  • and members of parliament, III, [65]–7, [74]–7, [83];
  • and lawyers, III, [67]–72, [83], [88], [108];
  • and engineers, III, [68]–72, [83], [88], [108];
  • contractors, III, [72]–4, [83];
  • boards, 77–8;
  • shares, 80–2, 108;
  • effect of competing lines, III, [97]–8, [107];
  • safety, III, [99]–100;
  • cause and remedy of corruptions, III, [88]–96;
  • secondary organizations, III, [92]–3;
  • and political economy, III, [101]–3;
  • capital, III, [108];
  • proprietary contract, III, [108]–112;
  • and coaching, III, [110]–2, [255];
  • relative and absolute ethics, III, [155]–7;
  • state inspection, III, [239]–40;
  • individualism, III, [249];
  • evolution, III, [256], [266];
  • diffusion of literature, III, [262];
  • winding up act, III, [273];
  • legislature and accidents, III, [275];
  • English enterprise, III, [279];
  • malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [285]–6;
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [296], [302], [304];
  • inspection, III, [399];
  • anomaly, III, [401];
  • English and French, III, [428];
  • and government, III, [437];
  • in America, III, [478].
• Rainbow, beliefs about, II, 154.
• Ramsgate, harbour, III, [248].
• Realism, Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 242–50.
• Reason:
  • social analogy, I, 269–71;
  • limited sphere, II, 221;
  • judgment of common sense, II, 243–4.
• Reasoning:
  • recognition of likeness, II, 33–4, 37, 40;
  • of Kant, III, [199]–203;
  • of metaphysicians, II, 201–5, 208–11;
  • a testing of conclusions, II, 208–11;
  • (see also Logic.)
• Recitative:
  • ancient and modern, II, 415–8;
  • Gurney on, II, 439.
• Reflection, belief in spirits, I, 310–3.
• Reflex action:
  • and emotion, I, 258;
  • impulsiveness, I, 358;
  • indication of feelings, II, 403;
  • examples, III, [453].
• Reform:
  • and costume, III, [1]–5;
  • and custom, III, [31].
• Reform bill:
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [294];
  • fear of, III, [358];
  • of Lord Russell, III, [380]–6.
• Reformation, change by, III, [49].
• Regulative system, social, III, [458]–64.
• Relative, Martineau on the, II, 250–8.
• Religion:
  • increase of heterogeneity, I, 20–3;
  • relation to early art, I, 27;
  • and to science, I, 60–2;
  • rudimentary form of all, I, 309;
  • object of sentiment, II, 132;
  • and science, Caird on, II, 219–21;
  • Mansel’s criticism, II, 221–5;
  • Grotz on, II, 225;
  • manners and law, III, [4], [23];
  • primitive ideas, III, [6]–11;
  • and state, III, [11];
  • for primitive man, III, [24];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [301];
  • and government, III, [434].
• Repair, and waste, II, 362–7.
• Representative government:
  • knowledge of rep­re­sen­ta­tives, III, [300]–9;
  • and despotism, III, [309]–10;
  • and monarchy, III, [310]–7;
  • superiority, III, [317]–23, [323]–5;
  • value of, III, [380].
• Reproductive system, and organic evolution, I, 409, 412, 422–5.
• Reptiles:
  • evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7;
  • paleontological remains, I, 227, 237, 240.
• Republicanism, American, III, [474]–5, [478]–9.
• Respiration, effect of emotion, II, 459.
• Reviewing, morals of trade, III, [139].
• Rhythm, in speech, II, 440.
• Ribbon, morals of trade, III, [127].
• Right (see Ethics.)
• Roads, distributing system, I, 296–8.
• Robbery:
  • social co-operation, III, [217]–20;
  • of Messrs. Walker, III, [439].
• Roberts, I., photographs of, I, 180.
• Robinson, F., Icarian colony, III, [457].
• Rocking stone, origin, I, 437.
• Rocks, age of, I, 198–205.
• Rodentia, transverse integration, I, 69.
• Romilly, Sir S., on judicial system, III, [272].
• Rooks, cawing of, I, 337, 338.
• Roots, imbedded and exposed, I, 447.
• Rosse, Lord, nebular hypothesis, I, 110–1.
• Rossini, G. A., heredity, I, 406.
• Royal Institution, III, [436].
• Royal Society, published barnacle goose myth, II, 162.
• Ruskin, J., effects of art, I, 59.
• Russell, Lord John:
  • on minorities, III, [295];
  • reform bill, III, [380]–6.
• Russia:
  • age of rocks in, I, 200–1, 206;
  • paper currency, III, [345].
• Sachs, J., on cell membranes, I, 438–9.
• Safety, in railways, III, [99]–100.
• Satellites:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 11;
  • origin, I, 39;
  • arrangement and number, I, 137–8;
  • distribution, I, 138;
  • number and forces, I, 139–40;
  • motion, I, 141–3, 153–4.
• Saturn:
  • origin of rings, I, 39;
  • rotatory movement, I, 135, 136;
  • motion of satellites, I, 137;
  • their distance, I, 138;
  • their number, I, 139–40;
  • rotation of rings, I, 142;
  • location, I, 143;
  • density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.
• Saxon words, II, 336–8.
• Scales, unstable equilibrium of, I, 82.
• Scepticism, reasoning of, II, 201.
• Schleiden, M. J., cell doctrine, I, 443.
• School, Price’s, III, [256].
• Schopenhauer, A., ethics, III, [212].
• Schwann, T., cell doctrine, I, 443.
• Science:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 34–5;
  • multiplication of effects, I, 59;
  • relation to religion, I, 60–2;
  • establishment of causation, I, 109;
  • creed fatal to, I, 463;
  • and common knowledge, II, 1–8, 29, 71;
  • Oken’s classification, II, 9–12;
  • Hegel’s, II, 12–5;
  • Comte’s, II, 15–29;
  • progress analytic and synthetic, II, 24–7;
  • linear arrangement, II, 27–9;
  • interdependent with arts, II, 67–71, 94–9;
  • summary of genesis, II, 71–3;
  • interdependence of, II, 94–9;
  • Comte and Positivism, II, 118–22, 128, 139;
  • origin and evolution, II, 150–7;
  • “practical,” II, 151;
  • Caird on religion and science, II, 219–21;
  • exact, III, [199]–200.
• Sciences, Classification of the:
  • Littré on Comte’s, II, 74–6;
  • char­ac­ter­is­tics of a true, II, 76;
  • abstract concrete, II, 77–8, 85–88, 92–4;
  • concrete, II, 77–81, 88–92, 92–4;
  • divisions of abstract, II, 81–5, 92–4;
  • needs three dimensions, II, 92–4;
  • concrete deals with aggregates, II, 99–103;
  • abstract-concrete, with properties, II, 101–3;
  • abstract with relations, II, 102–3;
  • Bain, II, 105–17;
  • Mill, II, 114;
  • Comte, II, 130.
• Scotch, dialect, II, 424.
• Scotland:
  • age of rocks, I, 198–205;
  • bank success, III, [348].
• Scott, Sir W., anecdote of, II, 466.
• Scrofula, heredity, II, 395.
• Sculpture, heterogeneity of, I, 24–30.
• Sea, action on:
  • geological formations, I, 212, 213;
  • upheaved land, I, 232–40;
  • shores, I, 431–2, 444.
• Selene, the myth, I, 326.
• Senior wrangler, criticism of, II, 302–5, 305–7.
• Sensations:
  • defined, I, 260, 262;
  • evolution, I, 264;
  • demonstration of, II, 401–3;
  • pleasure of music, II, 444–5;
  • (see also Psychology.)
• Sense, disablement of organs, III, [116]–7.
• Sentences, arrangement of, II, 341–50.
• Settlement, failure of law of, III, [244].
• Sewers commission, III, [238], [248].
• Sex:
  • mental development, I, 355;
  • comparative psychology, I, 361–4.
• Shadows:
  • belief in spirits, I, 310–5;
  • colour, II, 165–6.
• Shares:
  • railway, III, [80]–2, [108];
  • directors and holders of, III, [82]–8;
  • preference, III, [86];
  • depressed by rail extension, III, [94], [98]–9, [106];
  • morals of banking, III, [131]–7;
  • relative and absolute ethics, III, [155]–7.
• Shakespeare, W., I, 317, III, [283].
• Shears, analogy from iron, I, 97–8.
• Sheep, English and French, II, 396, 398.
• Shell, use and beauty, II, 370.
• Ships:
  • naval malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [233]–4, [247], [248], [251], [252], [258], [259];
  • private ad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [234], [238];
  • and Admiralty certificate, III, [239], [241];
  • tonnage law, III, [244];
  • officialism, III, [253];
  • mercantile marine acts, III, [260];
  • screw propeller, III, [261];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [301].
• Shoes, removing, III, [17].
• Shooting stars, origin, I, 174–7.
• Shopkeepers, lying and believing, III, [118].
• Sidgwick, H., criticism, II, 238–50.
• Sight:
  • and exercise, II, 362, 363;
  • and state of faculties, II, 364.
• Signature, of orders, III, [120].
• Signor, the title, III, [14], [21].
• Signs, force of gesticulative, II, 335.
• Silk, trade morals, III, [120], [124]–7.
• Silurian system:
  • age, I, 198–205;
  • paleontological evidence, I, 206–7;
  • thickness, I, 231.
• Simile:
  • use and position, II, 350–2;
  • and metaphor, II, 354.
• Singing, II, 410–4; (see also Music.)
• Sir, the title, III, [14], [15], [16], [21], [26].
• Sirius, distance from sun, I, 113, 114.
• Skating, grace in, II, 385.
• Skin, action of medicine, I, 448, 450.
• Skull, personal beauty, II, 389–90, 391.
• Slave trade, former opinion, III, [141].
• Small-pox, effects, I, 47.
• Smell, sense of:
  • and eye position, I, 72;
  • in dogs, I, 470;
  • exercise, II, 362.
• Smith, Adam:
  • theory of morals, I, 346;
  • importance, III, [316];
  • non-university training, III, [377]–8.
• Smoke bill, of London, III, [250].
• Sneeze, and laughter, II, 460.
• Snow, officialism, II, 249–50.
• Soap:
  • adulterant, III, [125];
  • tax, III, [243].
• Social organism:
  • the, I, 265–307;
  • analogy to individual, I, 269–72, 272–3, 277, 291–8, 306–7, III, [411]–16;
  • difference, I, 273–7;
  • analogy to lower animal forms, I, 277–83;
  • division of labour, I, 283–91.
• Social Statics:
  • origin of morals, I, 332–3;
  • of sympathy, I, 317;
  • Comte and title of, II, 134–7;
  • thesis of, II, 262.
• Socialism:
  • compulsory co-operation, III, [454]–6;
  • and regulative system, III, [460]–4;
  • effect, III, [467];
  • evils, III, [467]–70.
• Sociality, and psychology, I, 366–7, 368.
• Society:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 19–23, 35;
  • a growth, I, 265–9, 306;
  • the ideal, II, 131–2;
  • self-conscious, III, [141];
  • influence of wealth, III, [143]–9;
  • political ethics and the individual, III, [226]–8;
  • evolution, III, [263]–5;
  • increasing complexity, III, [323]–5;
  • average morality, III, [359];
  • and individual organism, III, [411]–6;
  • regulative system, III, [463];
  • (see also Prison Ethics, Sociology.)
• Sociology:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 53–60;
  • homogeneity unstable, I, 83;
  • individual and social organism, I, 101–7;
  • psychical traits and social state, I, 354, 355;
  • conservatism, I, 356;
  • mental variability, I, 356–7;
  • impulsiveness, I, 357–9;
  • effect of mixing races, I, 359–60;
  • and of sexes, I, 361–4;
  • curiosity, I, 361–5;
  • imitativeness, I, 364;
  • peculiar aptitudes, I, 366;
  • sociality, freedom, approbation, and acquisitiveness, I, 366–7;
  • altruistic sentiments, 367–9;
  • use and disuse, I, 463–5;
  • genesis, II, 57;
  • concrete science, II, 92;
  • terrestrial evolution, II, 96;
  • deals with aggregates, II, 100, 103;
  • a word of Comte’s, II, 133;
  • universality of law, II, 159;
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [302];
  • life, III, [325];
  • education, III, [375]–9;
  • cause and effect, III, [487]–92.
• Solar system:
  • heterogeneity, I, 10–11;
  • origin, I, 108–10;
  • Laplace on, I, 128–9;
  • evolution, I, 128–31.
• Solicitor, and trader, III, [139].
• Sound:
  • multiplication of effects, I, 37;
  • Kantian ideas of space, II, 227;
  • as illustrating crude and transfigured realism, II, 245–6;
  • velocity, II, 267;
  • sensation, III, [197].
• Space:
  • concept of, I, 247;
  • Hutton on intuitions of, I, 339;
  • classification of science, II, 77, 81–5;
  • Bain on nature of mathematics, II, 105–6;
  • Hamilton II, 191–2;
  • Hodgson, II, 220–34;
  • Kant, II, 220–7, 229–32, 236–8;
  • Martineau, II, 257;
  • consciousness, II, 308;
  • Kant and evolution, III, [197]–9, [203], [207].
• Spain:
  • contracts in, III, [218];
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [317]–9.
• Spalding, D., experiments of, II, 226.
• Sparta, social type, III, [415].
• Special creation:
  • lack of facts, I, 1;
  • and evolution, I, 1–7;
  • conception of, I, 265.
• Specialized ad­min­i­stra­tion, III, [401]–44.
• Species:
  • number of, I, 1;
  • evolution and creation, I, 1–7;
  • effect of upheavals, I, 49–52;
  • of climate, I, 221–4;
  • of terrestrial change, I, 224–6;
  • fertility of varieties, II, 397–8.
• Specific gravity:
  • of animals and plants, I, 74, 76;
  • of planets, I, 144–8, 154;
  • solar system, I, 163.
• Spectrum analysis, complexity of elements, I, 372–4.
• Speech, figures of, II, 350–5; (see also Language.)
• Spencer, Herbert, propositions held by, II, 125–32.
• Spencer, Rev. Thomas, III, [361].
• Spheroid, ring formation, I, 133–4.
• Spine, and evolution, III, [205].
• Spirit, the word misleading, I, 311.
• Spirits, belief in, I, 311–2, 344.
• Sponges:
  • form of, I, 73;
  • instability of homogeneous, I, 87.
• Staccato, in singing, II, 412.
• Staffordshire, potteries, I, 266.
• Stage coach, III, [110]–2, [255].
• Stars:
  • distribution of nebulæ, I, 112–8;
  • magnitude and distance, I, 115–8;
  • Sir W. Herschel on genesis, I, 129;
  • distance apart, I, 161;
  • star as name, I, 317, 326;
  • Kant’s awe of universe, III, [192], [195];
  • (see also Astronomy.)
• State, the:
  • duty of, III, [236];
  • and religion, III, [11], [23], [50];
  • (see also Over-legislation.)
• Statics, Comte’s classification, II, 19.
• Steam power, effects, I, 56–8.
• Stephenson, R., on railways, III, [105]–6.
• Stereoscope, analogy from, II, 265.
• Stick, equilibrium of, I, 82.
• Stocking trade, and officialism, III, [262].
• Stonehenge, use and beauty, II, 371–2.
• Strikes, III, [362]–4, [365], [383].
• Strings, in musical instruments, II, 415.
• Structure:
  • animal and vegetal, I, 73–7;
  • relation to function, I, 249.
• Style:
  • philosophy of, II, 333–69;
  • forcibleness of Saxon, II, 336–7;
  • and brevity, II, 337–8;
  • specific expression, II, 338–9;
  • sequence of words, II, 339–41;
  • arrangement of sentences, II, 341–7;
  • direct and indirect, II, 347–50;
  • figures of speech, II, 350–5.
• Subject:
  • consciousness of, II, 211–4;
  • relation to object, II, 323–32;
  • arrangement of sentences, II, 342–4.
• Substantive and adjective, II, 340–1.
• Sugar, morals of trade, III, [121]–3, [125].
• Suicide, belief in another world, II, 223.
• Sun:
  • origin, I, 39;
  • distance from Sirius, I, 113, 114;
  • density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52;
  • content of, I, 151;
  • atmosphere, I, 151;
  • temperature, I, 151;
  • constitution, I, 153, 182–91;
  • duration of heat, I, 101;
  • willow-leaves and rice grains, I, 186, 188;
  • faculæ I, 186–7;
  • Faye’s sun-spot theory, I, 183–4, 188–9;
  • cyclonic theory, I, 187–91;
  • as name, I, 317, 326, 327, 328.
• Survival of the fittest:
  • Martineau on evolution, I, 379–81;
  • a factor only of evolution, I, 397–400, 400–5, 405–8, 421–5;
  • and heredity, I, 408–12, 412–5;
  • the phrase, I, 429–30;
  • and effect of medium, I, 444–5;
  • and nervous system, I, 457–8;
  • early action of, I, 460–2;
  • Huxley on, I, 462–3;
  • Duke of Argyll’s criticism, I, 467–78;
  • three factors, I, 472.
• Swift, J., on manners, III, [44].
• Swiss, architecture, II, 379.
• Syllables, style and length, II, 337–8.
• Syllogism, Hodgson on, II, 231.
• Symbolization, infrequent, I, 322.
• Symmetry, in buildings and animals, II, 376–7.
• Sympathy:
  • altruism, I, 346;
  • comparative psychology, I, 368–9;
  • and gracefulness, II, 386;
  • music, II, 424–6;
  • morals of trade, III, [142]–3.
• Syncrypta, life in, I, 443.
• Synecdoche, effective, II, 350.
• Synthesis, chemical, I, 374.
• Synthetic philosophy, outline, II, 140–2.
• Tailor, morals of trade, III, [117].
• Tait, P. G.:
  • on natural philosophy, II, 269, 315–20;
  • axioms, II, 270, 298–301, 315–20;
  • laws of motion, II, 271–5, 277–88, 299–320;
  • ultimate scientific ideas, II, 289;
  • central forces, II, 290–93;
  • on synthetic philosophy, II, 294–6.
• Talent, relation to desire, I, 54.
• Tamberlik, E., ut de poitrine, II, 442.
• Tanner, Prof. E., use and disuse, I, 419.
• Tape, morals of trade, III, [118], [119].
• Taste, exhausted by exercise, II, 362.
• Taxes, and parliament, III, [371]–5.
• Teeth:
  • organic correlation, I, 96–101;
  • size of jaw, I, 401.
• Telegrams, officialism, III, [396]–7.
• Telegraphs:
  • analogous to nerves, I, 306;
  • private enterprise, III, [234].
• Telephone, in America, III, [472].
• Temperance society, III, [446].
• Temperature:
  • of solar system, I, 11;
  • animal and vegetal, I, 74, 76;
  • vegetal density, I, 144–8, 148–52;
  • solar, I, 151;
  • chemical unions, I, 159;
  • duration of solar, I, 161–3;
  • evolution of, and nebular hypothesis, I, 159–63.
• Ten hours bill, III, [362], [365].
• Tenby, sea shore, I, 432.
• Tennyson, Lord, quoted, II, 356, III, [314].
• Thalassicolla, instability of homogeneous, I, 87.
• Thames:
  • sewers commission, III, [238];
  • water supply, III, [387]–92.
• Theft, punishment, III, [233].
• Thermo-electricity, what is? II, 172–6.
• Thermology, genesis, II, 61.
• Thomson, Sir W., terrestrial density, I, 149.
• Thomson, Sir W., and Prof. Tait, on physical axioms, III, [220]–1.
• Thorns, protection and growth of, I, 391.
• Ticket of leave, system, III, [244].
• Time:
  • measures of, II, 45–9;
  • classification of science, II, 77, 81–5;
  • S. H. Hodgson on, II, 226–34;
  • Kant, II, 226–7, 229–32, 236–8, III, [197]–9, [207];
  • Martineau’s criticism, II, 257;
  • terrestrial motion, II, 272;
  • Emerson on, II, 354.
• Titles, evolution of, III, [11]–6, [23], [27]–8.
• Todleben, Gen. F. E. von, III, [309]–10.
• Totemism, I, 309–17.
• Town councils:
  • rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, [288];
  • parliamentary reform, III, [369]–70, [371], [372].
• Town hall, building of, III, [372].
• Trade:
  • localization, I, 22;
  • morals of, III, [113]–51, [448]–9;
  • adulteration, III, [113], [121]–3;
  • bribery, III, [114]–8;
  • short weight, III, [118]–9;
  • circulars, III, [123]–4;
  • silk manufacture, III, [124]–7;
  • candle making, III, [128];
  • elastic webbing, III, [129];
  • bankruptcy, III, [129]–31;
  • morals of banking, III, [131]–7;
  • average morality, III, [137]–40;
  • and sympathy, III, [142]–3;
  • homage to wealth, III, [143]–9, [149]–51;
  • ethics of free trade, III, [154];
  • (see also Industry.)
• Trade unions:
  • parliamentary reform, III, [362]–8, [384];
  • tyranny of, III, [382], [383];
  • selfishness, III, [465]–7, [469].
• Tramps, and poor law, III, [244].
• Transcendental Physiology (see Physiology.)
• Tremolo, in singing, II, 412.
• Triangle, space perception, II, 309.
• Trigonometry, evolution, II, 55, 155.
• Truth, denial of, II, 259–65.
• Tyndall, J.:
  • on heat, II, 173;
  • of light, II, 178.
• Tzigane, music, II, 450–1.
• Ulcer, effects on skin, I, 448–9.
• Unbelievable, Mill on word, II, 193–200.
• United States (see America.)
• University, training, III, [377]–8.
• Unknowable, The:
  • knowledge of, II, 220;
  • Hodgson on, II, 234;
  • Martineau on, II, 250–8.
• Unstable equilibrium, of homogeneity, I, 81–4.
• Uranus:
  • axial motion, I, 133–6;
  • motion of satellites, I, 137;
  • their distance, I, 138;
  • their number, I, 139–40;
  • density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.
• Uroglena, life in, I, 443.
• Use, and beauty, II, 370–4; (see also Heredity.)
• Utilitarianism, and Mr. Spencer’s views, I, 334, 338, 347–50.
• Valencia, prison discipline, III, [177]–8.
• Variability, mental, I, 356–7.
• Variation, natural selection and heredity, I, 408–12, 421.
• Varieties:
  • effect of union, I, 359;
  • fertility, II, 397–8.
• Vascular system:
  • deductive biology, I, 78–81;
  • development, I, 285–6;
  • and evolution, III, [204].
• Vaucheria, cell membrane, I, 439.
• Veddahs, invocation of, I, 311–2.
• Venus:
  • motion, I, 135, 136;
  • satellites, I, 139–41;
  • density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.
• Vertebræ, evolution, I, 395, III, [205].
• Vertebrata:
  • evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7, 17–9;
  • integration, I, 68–71;
  • position of eyes, I, 71–2;
  • self-mobility, I, 76;
  • germ and instability of homogeneous, I, 88;
  • cervical vertebræ, II, 83;
  • origin of music, II, 432;
  • controlling system, III, [407].
• Vestiges of Creation, and evolution, I, 390.
• Vienna, English enterprise in, III, [278].
• Voice:
  • feelings and loudness, II, 404, 410;
  • timbre, II, 405, 411;
  • pitch, II, 406, 411;
  • intervals, II, 406–9, 411;
  • variability, II, 409, 411;
  • ordinary and singing, II, 410–4.
• Volition, Bain’s definition, I, 258–9.
• Volvox:
  • instability of homogeneous, I, 87;
  • life in, I, 443;
  • development, I, 456.
• Wales, age of rocks, I, 198–205, 207–8.
• Walker, Messrs., robbery at, III, [439].
• Walking:
  • effect of blister, I, 404;
  • grace in, II, 382.
• Waste, and repair, II, 362–7.
• Water:
  • compound, I, 372;
  • government carts and officialism, III, [249];
  • and supply, III, [387]–92, [429].
• Wealth, homage to, III, [143]–9, [149]–51.
• Weapons, division of labour, I, 54.
• Weber, K. M. von, heredity, I, 406.
• Weight, measures of, II, 43–5.
• Werner, A. G.:
  • geological theory, I, 194–7;
  • influence of, I, 201.
• Whales, not fish, I, 247.
• Whately, Abp.:
  • metaphor and simile, II, 352;
  • political economy, III, [423]–4.
• Whewell, W.:
  • History of Inductive Sciences, II, 23;
  • electrical theory, II, 62.
• Whirlwind, sun-spot analogy, I, 190–1.
• White, perception of, III, [196].
• Will, the:
  • social analogy, I, 269–71;
  • Kant on, III, [201]–3;
  • (see also Psychology.)
• Wills, registrars of, III, [251].
• Wisdom, the collective, III, [387]–92.
• Wolf, as name, I, 312–3, 315, 316, 321.
• Wollaston, W. H., insect colours, I, 433.
• Women:
  • comparative psychology and sex, I, 361–4;
  • size of jaw, I, 398;
  • treatment of, III, [445]–6.
• Wool, industry and locality, I, 104.
• Words (see Language.)
• Workpeople, residences, III, [447].
• Writing:
  • increase in heterogeneity, I, 24–6;
  • derived from picture language, II, 33.
• Yorkshire, woollen industry, I, 266.
• Yours faithfully, etc., III, [16], [26].
• Zoology:
  • genesis, II, 57;
  • classification, II, 64;
  • discovery of laws, II, 149–50.
• Zoophytes, evolution of mind, I, 377.
• Zulus, ethics, III, [193].
• Zygomatic arches, and beauty, II, 390–2.

---

MR. HERBERT SPENCER’S WORKS.

A SYSTEM OF SYNTHETIC PHILOSOPHY.

8th Thousand.

(WITH AN APPENDIX DEALING WITH CRITICISMS.)

In one vol. 8vo, cloth, price 16s.,

FIRST PRINCIPLES.