ELECTRIZATION.
Electro-therapeutics.
We have seen that if we send a shock of electricity through a motor nerve the nerve becomes excited, and responds by contraction of its muscles. One form of electricity, then, is a stimulant, but, unlike other stimulants, it admits of its action being exactly localized and its influence instantly withdrawn.|Effects upon Nutrition.| There first results from such an application a larger flow of blood to the part, with subsequent increase of temperature and general improvement in nutrition.|Electricity as a Stimulant.| If muscular contraction results, it acts in addition as an artificial gymnast, imitating natural muscular action in a way quite impossible to any agency but electricity. It is in cases where there is muscular response to it, but not to the will, that it is often of immense service, and it can then be replaced by no other remedy known to medicine. Need I say that in such cases its dosage is of importance; that only a certain amount of stimulation being needed, this may not be carried to the point of exhaustion, and that the application should not be continued for too long a time. From ten to twenty minutes for an entire application is usually sufficient. So much for the stimulant effects of electricity when administered under either of its forms in a series of intermittent “shocks.”
The Constant Current.
But we get a very different result when we employ a constant current—that is, a continuous stream of electricity without interruption or break in it, and without appreciable variation in its strength. One effect of the administration of such a flow of electricity is that of a sedative, for it possesses the most remarkable power in relieving pain. We have all heard of the benefit of the “constant current” in neuralgia, and it is worthy of its reputation, and will not disappoint us if we administer it with the precautions noted in my last Lecture. ([See foot-note, page 52].)[16]
Electricity possesses an influence sui generis.
Electricity, then, according to its variety and method of administration, is both a stimulant and a sedative; but although these words may be used as convenient distinctive terms, there is no doubt that it is something more, and that it possesses an influence quite sui generis, dependent, perhaps, upon its modification of the natural state of the electricity of the human body.|Restorative power of Voltaic Current.| The Voltaic current enjoys a remarkable restorative power, for it has been found that its prolonged action upon a nerve immediately after death will preserve its irritability for a length of time, and that even in a dead nerve the lost irritability may be again established. |Electricity in Fatigue Diseases.| Dr. Poore has particularly studied this restorative or refreshing effect of the Voltaic current, especially in its application to a class of diseases (termed by him “fatigue diseases”), and of which writer’s cramp is a type, chiefly characterized by an intense feeling of fatigue upon any attempt being made to execute certain muscular movements. This tired feeling is at once removed by the application of the Voltaic current, either to the muscles affected or to their nerves, and this result Dr. Poore believes to be explained by an increase in the susceptibility of the muscles to the stimulus of the will. Be this as it may, such an application is often most comforting, and it is not unusual for the patient to experience immediate and most grateful relief, and to beg for its repetition. Many electro-therapeutists will attribute this relief to the production of, as it is termed, a condition of electrotonus, about which, and its importance in electro-therapeutics, a great deal has been written and disputed. |Electrotonus.| Electrotonus is simply a name given to signify the state of a nerve while it is being traversed by an artificial Voltaic current. The effects of such an application, of course, depend chiefly upon the power of the current. If sufficiently powerful complete functional destruction of the nerve would result, as by a lightning flash; and as the tension of electricity is greater at one pole than the other, we naturally, with currents of a certain strength, discover modifications of irritability in the nerve when specially influenced by either pole. The irritability is increased in the half nearest to the negative pole (Katelectrotonus), decreased in the half nearest to the negative pole (Anelectrotonus), and unchanged at a point midway between the two poles (point of indifference). The production of the general electrotonic state is of importance. I believe these lesser variations of anelectrotonus and katelectrotonus to be practically of little moment, and I advise you to disregard them in therapeutics.
Impotence.
The restorative effect of the Voltaic current is frequently of benefit in sexual weakness. In functional cases, the current may be applied to the spine—positive pole to mid-dorsal region; negative well painted over lumbar twice daily for ten minutes upon getting up and going to bed. This treatment was adopted in the case of a gentleman, fifty years of age, who consulted me for gradual decrease of sexual power, ending in complete impotence. Six weeks’ treatment resulted, the patient informed me, in the complete restoration of the normal function.