The Pyrenees

by Hilaire Belloc

• A
• Accous or Bédous, plain of, [159-160]
• Agra, river, mentioned, [20];
• valley of, [147]
• Aiguestoites, Port de, [181]
• Albigenses, crusade against, its meaning and results, [49]
• Alfonso el Batallador, [54]
• Alpargatas, [122]
• Alps, contrasted with Pyrenees, [25-26]
• Andorra, history and character of, [192-193]
• — forms with Catalan valleys a district of Pyrenees, [187-198]
• — how reached from Ariège, [187-193]
• — posada of, [232]
• Anicle, Col d’, [171-172]
• Anie, Pic d’, its position on first axis of Pyrenees, [6]
• — boundary of the Basques, [38], [154]
• Aphours, brook of, [150]
• Aragnouet, [181]
• Aragon, river, mentioned, [20]
• — valley of, easy connexion of, with valley of Gallego, [158];
• described, [161]
• — kingdom, named after river, [20];
• and Béarn, their position on the range, [37]
• Aran, Val d’, see “[Val]”
• Arazas, valley of, [169-170];
• Inn there, [233]
• Ariège, sources of, [191]
• — valley of, position of on axis of Pyrenees, [8];
• forms old county of Foix, [15];
• in connexion with that of the Tet, [204-209]
• Ariel, Pic d’, [205]
• Arles, on Tech, [213-214]
• Arras, Col d’, [215]
• Arreau, hotels at, [227]
• Arrouye, Pic d’, [182]
• Aspe, Val d’, [158]
• Aston, upper, adventure of author upon, [108-112]
• — river, advantages of district of, [187-188]
• Ax, way from, to valley of Tet, [206-208];
• hotels and baths of, [230]
• B
• Bagnères-de-Bigorre, hotels at, [226];
• de Luchon, see “[Luchon]”
• Baigorry, valley of, [145-146]
• Balatag, wood of, on Canigou, [212]
• Bambilette, port, [152]
• Bargebit, Pic de, on Canigou, [213]
• Barrosa, stream of, [174]
• Barroude, pass of, [181]
• Basque, place names found throughout Spain and Pyrenees, [38-39]
• — Valleys, a district of the Pyrenees, [145-154]
• Basques, their position on the range, [37];
• Pic d’Anie, boundary, [38]
• — no Roman record of, [45-46]
• Bathing, dangerous when fatigued, [143]
• Batallador, surname of Alfonso, [54]
• Bayonne, road from, to Pamplona described, [96-99]
• Béarn and Aragon, their position on the range, [37]
• Béarn, Roman name of, [44];
• with Navarre and Roussillon, last exceptions to French sovereignty north of Pyrenees, [49]
• Bédous, Hotel de la Poste at, [160]
• Bédous, hotel of, [222]
• — or Accous, plan of, [159-160]
• Belhay, Port de, [152]
• Belver, head of Urgel road, [203]
• Benarnensium Civitas, modern Béarn, [44]
• Bicycling in Pyrenees, [104-105]
• Bielsa, Port de, [181]
• — second stage in way from Panticosa to Venasque, [170];
• described, [171];
• inn of, [233]
• Biescas, mentioned as example of a town in a Spanish valley, [19]
• Bigerriones, original name of inhabitants of Bigorre, [44]
• Bigorre, originally land of “Bigerriones,” [44];
• Pic du Midi de, see “[Pic]”
• Blankets, [122-123]
• Boella, Col de, [215]
• Bonaigo, Pass of, nature of, [28], [31], [197]
• Bota, see “[Gourd]”
• Boucacers, Col de, [211]
• Boucharo, French name for Bujaruelo, [169]
• Boussens, amazing cooking at, [230]
• Bread, proper rations of, [125-126]
• Brèche de Roland, [173]
• Bujaruelo (Boucharo) in Sobrarbe, [169]
• Burguete, hotel at, [221]
• C
• Cabanes, use of, as shelter, [123]
• — village and station of, starting-point for passes of Peyregrils and Fontargente, [188]
• Cabillere, Pic de, [188]
• Cacouette, gorge of, alluded to, [16], [152]
• Cadi, Sierra del, mentioned, [20];
• aspect from St. Croz, [196];
• aspect of, from Cerdagne, [200]
• Cady, brook of, [213]
• Cambret, brook of, [214]
• Camphor, sovereign against bugs, [223]
• Camping, rules for, [128-133]
• Canal Roya, example of difficulty of finding a col, [110-113]
• — valley of, and col, [158]
• — entrance to, [161-162]
• Canfranc, [161];
• poor hotel of, [223]
• Canigou, hotel near summit of, [231];
• district of, [210-216];
• peaks of, ways up to, [211-215]
• Canillo, village of, [191]
• Carlitte, group of mountains, [204]
• Casteil, hamlet on way up Canigou, [212]
• Castellbo, first stage in way from Urgel to Esterri, [194];
• delicious inn of, [229]
• Catalans, their position on the range, [36]
• Catalonia, origins of, [54]
• Cauterets, hotels of, [226]
• Cerberus, Cape, eastern limit of second axis of Pyrenees, [4]
• Cerdagne, political anomaly of, [57-58];
• described, [199-203];
• why annexed by Mazarin, [201]
• Chaitza, stream of, [151]
• Christians, reconquest of Spanish slope by, [50-54]
• Cinca, valley of, with Broto and Esera make up Sobrarbe, [167]
• Cinqueta, affluent of the Cinca, [167]
• Cirere, Col de, [213]
• Climate of Pyrenees, [33-35]
• Coidenes, bridge of, [188]
• Col, or pass, see under particular names
• Comminges, modern name of district of Convenæ, [43-45]
• Compass, variation of, in Pyrenees, [60];
• necessary in equipment, [127-128]
• Consevanni, modern Conserans, [44-45]
• Conserans, Roman “Consevanni,” [44-45]
• Convenæ, [43-44]
• Coumette, Pic de la, [188]
• Cruz, Col de la, [174]
• Cuberre, bridge of, [176]
• D
• Dalmanya, torrent of, [213];
• village of, [213]
• Dastan, Val, [185]
• Distance, best reckoned in mountains by time, [76-78]
• “Double Col,” most dangerous example of ambiguity in a pass, [137-140]
• Driving in Pyrenees, [105]
• E
• Eaux Bonnes, chief hotel of, [225]
• — Chaudes, [164]
• — hotel of, [225]
• Elizondo, [147-148]
• — hotels of, [220]
• Elloronensium Civitas, modern Oloron, [44]
• Elne, [42]
• El Plan, posada of, [233]
• Embalire, pass of, [31];
• easiest entry into Andorra, [191-193]
• Encamps, village of, [191];
• inn of, [231]
• Equipment, description of necessary, [115-124]
• Erro, [148]
• — inn at, [221]
• Escaló, village of, [196]
• Escolier, Pic d’, [150]
• Escuain, Col de, [171]
• Espousouille, hamlet of, [208]
• Esterri, hotel of, [229]
• — mentioned as example of a town in a Spanish valley, [18];
• described, [197];
• way to, from Urge, [194-198]
• Europe, grouping of peoples unchanged in, during recorded history, [1-2]
• F
• Fillols, on way up Canigou from Villefranche, [212]
• Foix, county of, identical with valley of Ariège, [15]
• Fontargente, tarn of, [191]
• — pass of, into Andorra, [190-191]
• Forata, Peña, [165]
• Formiguères, village of, on way from Ax to Tet valley, [206]
• French measurements, English equivalents, [74-77]
• — slope of Pyrenees, formation of, [10-12];
• names and character of valleys on, [10-15];
• multiplicity of roads on, [79-82]
• Frontier, political, its present connexion with watershed, [54-58]
• G
• Gabas, [164]
• — excellent hotel of, [224]
• Gabediou, Pic de, [182]
• Galbe, stream of, [208]
• Gallego, valley of, position of, on axis of Pyrenees, [7]
• — valley of, [166]
• — valley of, easy connexion of, with valley of Aragon, [158]
• Gari, valley of, [185]
• Garonne, curious source of, [186]
• Gas, Pic du Col de, [189]
• Gascon, name of, supposed to be Basque, [39]
• Gaulis, Col de, [170]
• Gavarnie, example of a high-valley village, [21];
• town of, [226]
• — Port de, [31]
• — Cirque de, [181]
• Gerbats, Pic de, [182]
• Gistain, Col de, [175-176]
• Glacé, lake, [186]
• Glaciers, absence of, [33]
• Gnoles, torrent of, [206]
• Gourd, or bota, description of, [117-120]
• H
• Hayra, forest of, [146]
• Heas, stream and village of, [181-182]
• Heights and distances, French, way of turning into English feet and miles, [74-77]
• Helena, original name of Elne, [42]
• Henry IV and Mazarin complete French sovereignty north of Pyrenees, [49]
• Hix, [202]
• Hospitalet, of Ariège, [191];
• of Luchon, [184]
• Huesca, Sancho’s attempt on, [53];
• road to, [99], [103]
• I
• Illiberis, old name for Elne, [42]
• Inns, of the Pyrenees, [217-233];
• Spanish and French, contrasted, [218-233]
• Iraty, Spanish valley, head-waters in France, [56]
• Isaba, [153]
• Ispeguy, pass of, between Baigorry and Baztan, [146]
• J
• Jaca, mentioned as example of town in Spanish valley, [18];
• one of three mountain bishoprics on Spanish slope, [46];
• counted as French during Mahommedan occupation, [48];
• early independence of, [53];
• excellent hotel of, [223]
• “Jasses,” nature of these flats, [15-16]
• “Jeous,” local name, [26]
• K
• Kilometre, estimate of, by time, [141-142]
• Knapsack, see “[Pack]”
• L
• Labourd, valley of, [145]
• Lakes, character of, in Pyrenees, [32];
• of Maladetta, Encantados, etc., [32]
• Lakes of the Carlitte, [204]
• Lamoux, lake of, [205]
• Larrasoaña, [148]
• Larrau, [151]
• Laruns, [164];
• hotel of, [225]
• La Tour Carol, [202];
• inn of, [231]
• Laurhibar, village of, [149];
• stream and village of, [149-150]
• Lecumberry, [149]
• Le Tech, hamlet of, [214]
• L’Homme, Pic de, western limit of second axis of Pyrenees, [4]
• Licq, [151]
• Llavorsi, village of, [196]
• Llivia, [200-201]
• Lourdes, hotels of, [225]
• Luchon, valley of, with valleys of Tarbes, makes separate district in Pyrenees, [179-186]
• — hot springs of, [183]
• — way to Venasque from, by Port d’Oo, [185-186]
• — valley and district of, [182-186];
• road to, from Val d’Aran, [197-198];
• wealth and hotels of, [228-229]
• Lys, valley of, [185]
• M
• Magdalena, river of, [195]
• Maggi, provision of, [125];
• method of using, [127]
• Maladetta, view of, from Port de Venasque, [185]
• Maps, for the range, [59-78]
• Marignac, forest of, [184]
• Mauléon, capital of the Soule, [149]
• Mazarin annexes Roussillon to France, [49]
• — annexes Cerdagne, [56-58]
• Mediterranean, civilization of, in connexion with Pyrenees, [42-43]
• Merens, example of a high-valley village, [17-18]
• Metres and kilometres, way of reducing to feet and miles, [74-76]
• Midi, Pic du, d’Ossau, [160];
• de Bigorre, [180]
• Moines, Col des, [157-161]
• Mollo, see “[Prats]”
• Monsech, Sierra of, distance of, from main range, [9], [20]
• Mont Louis, pass of, mentioned, [30];
• hotel of, [231]
• Motoring in Pyrenees, by the “lower road,” [84-87];
• by the “upper road,” [86-93];
• across the range, [93-99];
• from Pamplona to Jaca, [99];
• to Saragossa, [99]
• Mountain, ranges of, often regarded too simply, [2-3]
• Mules, not always obtainable in inns, [219]
• N
• Names, fantastic, of Pyrenees mountains, [24]
• Napoleon III, makes Somport road from Urdos, [161]
• Navarre with Béarn and Roussillon, the last exceptions to French sovereignty north of Pyrenees, [49]
• Navas de Tolosa, battle of, [54]
• Nive, French river, rises in Spain, [56]
• Noguera Pallaresa, [196]
• Noguille, lake of, [204]
• Novempopulania, Roman district north of Pyrenees, [41-45]
• O
• Olette, town of, [208]
• Oloron, Roman name of, [44];
• main road from, to Saragossa, described, [93-96];
• hotels at, [222]
• Oo, Port d’, [222]
• Ordino, town of, [190]
• Orgeix, [205]
• Oriège, valley of, [205]
• Orleu, [205]
• Oroel, Peña d’, [161]
• Ossau, Val d’, [164];
• Pic du Midi de, see “[Pic]”
• Otxogorrigagne, Mount, [152]
• Ourdayte, or “Urdayte,” Port d’, [31], [152]
• Ourdissettou, Pic d’, [181]
• P
• Pack, type of, in equipment, [121-122]
• Pallars, name of Esterri valley, [196]
• Pamplona, Roman bishopric on Spanish slope, [46];
• road to, from Bayonne described, [96-99];
• hotels of, [221]
• Pannikin, description of, [115-116]
• Panticosa, way to Venasque from, through Sobrarbe, [167-178];
• numerous hotels of, [224]
• Passes over Pyrenees, nature of, [27-32]
• Path, importance of faint indications, so called, in Pyrenees, [113-115]
• Pau, Gave de, valley of, position of, on axis of Pyrenees, [6]
• Pelayo, heads the Reconquista, [51]
• Peña, Sierra de la, mentioned, [19]
• Perpignan, hotel and restaurant of, [231]
• Peyregrils, pass of, into Andorra, [188-190]
• Pic du Midi d’Ossau, [160];
• approach from Gabas, [164]
• — de Bigorre, [180]
• Pinède, cliffs of, [172]
• Pique, river of, in Luchon valley, [184]
• Pla de Guillem, pass of, in Canigou, [214]
• Place names, Basque, in Spain and Pyrenees, [38-39]
• Plan, El, village of, [177-178]
• “Plans,” larger form of Jasses, [15-16]
• Port Vendres, [42]
• Portaillet, Col of, on shoulder of Canigou, [214]
• Porte Blanche, pass of, into Andorra, [215]
• Porté, [204];
• inn of, [231]
• Porteille, notch between county of Foix and Roussillon, [208]
• “Ports,” or passes, over Pyrenees, nature of, [26-30]
• Posets, Pic de, [174]
• Pourtalet, pass of, mentioned, [30];
• modern road over, [163-164]
• Prades, town of, way up Canigou from, [212]
• Prats de Mollo, [214]
• Puigcerdá, [202]
• Puigdarbet, peak of, on Canigou, [213]
• Puillouse, marsh of, [205]
• Puymorens, Col de, limit of the Catalans, [37]
• — pass of, [204]
• Py, on Canigou, [214]
• Pyrenees, physical nature of, [1-35];
• double axis of, [3-8];
• length of chain, [4];
• original formation of, [8];
• contrast of northern and southern slope of, [9];
• climate of, [33-35];
• political character of, [36], etc.;
• form the bastion against Islam, [47]
• — Treaty of, [49]
• Q
• Quazémi peak of, on Canigou, [212]
• R
• Railways, start far from main range on Spanish side, [21]
• Rain, distribution of, in Pyrenees, [33-35]
• Ranges, mountain, see “[Mountain]”;
• secondary, perpendicular to main range on northern, parallel to it on southern slope, [9], [19]
• Reconquista, [50-54]
• Rialb, stream of, [189]
• Rivers, shape of their course on Spanish slope, [20]
• Roman advance on Spanish slope, [45-47]
• Romans, make watershed of Pyrenees a boundary, [40-41];
• their advance north of Pyrenees, [41-45]
• Roncesvalles, pass of, mentioned, [30];
• high road through, [97];
• road to, from Pamplona, [148]
• Roque Couloum, mountain, [211]
• Roscino, gives name to Roussillon, [42]
• Rou, tarn of, [204]
• Roussillon, formed round valley of Tet, [15];
• with Navarre and Béarn, last exception to French sovereignty north of Pyrenees, [49]
• S
• Sabouredo, Pic de, eastern limits of first axis of Pyrenees, [4]
• Sahun, Col de, [178]
• Saillagousse, [202];
• a place to avoid, [231]
• St. Bertrand de Comminges, origin of, [45]
• St. Croz, village of, [194]
• St. Duillem, huts of, [214]
• Ste. Engrace, [151-153]
• — Port de, position of, on axis of Pyrenees, [6];
• passage of, [152-153]
• — inn at, [222]
• St. Etienne, in Baigorry, [146-147]
• St. Girons, hotel of, [230]
• St. Jean le Vieux, site of Roman town, [148]
• St. Jean Pied de Port, [148];
• road from, to Soule, [148-151];
• hotels at, [221]
• St. Jerome, his story of Convenæ, [45]
• St. John, Port of, [195-196]
• St. Lizier, originally Glycerius, [44]
• Salau, pass of, distance of, from plains, [9], [20], [197]
• — Port of, mentioned, [30]
• Saldeu, pass and hamlet of, [191]
• Salinas de Sin, [177]
• Sallent, way to, from, Urdos, [161-163]
• Sallent, character of inn of, [224]
• — Port Vieux de, [163]
• Salpichon, value of, [125]
• Sancho, killed before Huesca, [53]
• Sandales, see “[Alpargatas]”
• Sarabillo, [177]
• Saragossa, the main road over Pyrenees to, [99], [103]
• Sauvegarde, Pic de, [185]
• Schrader, his map of central Pyrenees, [61], [73-74]
• Secondary ranges, perpendicular to main range on northern side, parallel to it on the southern, [10], [19]
• Sentina, torrent of, [177]
• Serrat, village of, [190]
• Snow, perennial, absence of in Pyrenees, [25]
• Sobrarbe, name of Eastern Aragon, [20], [23];
• district in Pyrenees, [167-178]
• Socks, folly of wearing, [116]
• Somport, pass so called, position of, on axis of Pyrenees, [6];
• nature of, [28], [30];
• main road over, from Oloron to Saragossa, described, [92-95]
• Soulauet, tarn of, [189]
• Soule, district in Basque valleys, [148-154]
• — road from St. Jean de Port to, [148-151]
• Souscousse, woods of, [154]
• Sousquéou, valley of, [164-165]
• Spanish government, contrast of, with French, in Cerdagne, [201]
• Spanish slope of Pyrenees, formation of, [10];
• type of valleys in, [18-24];
• Roman conquest of, [45-47];
• reconquest of, by Christians, [50-54];
• absence of roads on, [84];
• unmapped, [66];
• partially given in French maps, [67]
• Spates, rare in Pyrenean streams, [32]
• Spirits of wine, necessity of, [126-127]
• Streams, Pyrenean, spates rare in, [32]
• T
• Tarbelli, Roman name for people of Dax, [44]
• Tarbes, originally Turba, [44];
• valleys of, and Luchon, district in Pyrenees, [179-186];
• hotel at, [182]
• Tardets, central town of the Soule, [150-151];
• admirable hotel at, [221-222]
• Taurinya, on way up Canigou from Prades, [212]
• Tech, valley of, [211]
• Tent, folly of carrying one, [124]
• Tet, valley of, forms core of Roussillon, [15]
• — valley of, with that of Ariège, makes a district in Pyrenees, [204-209]
• Thirteen Winds, peak of, on Canigou, [214]
• Tigra, forest of, [153]
• Time, distance in mountains best reckoned by, [77-78]
• Torla, with Bielsa and Venasque, chief centres of Sobrarbe, [167];
• first stage in way from Panticosa to Venasque, [169];
• curious inn at, [233]
• Toro, Trou de, [186]
• Torte, tarn of, [204]
• Towns, nature of Pyrenean, [17]
• Trainzaygues, [180]
• Treaty of Pyrenees, [49]
• Troumouse, Cirque, [181-182]
• Turba, old name of Tarbes, [44]
• Turmo, Cabane of, [176]
• U
• Urdayte, or “Ourdayte,” port of, see “[Ourdayte]”
• Urdos, example of a high-valley village, [17];
• travel through, [160]
• Urgel (Seo de), Roman bishopric on Spanish slope, [46];
• bishopric of, counted as French during Mahommedan occupation, [48];
• appearance of, [193-194];
• way from, to Esterri and Val d’Aran, [194-198];
• hotel at, [232]
• Urtioga, Mount, western limit of Pyrenees, [4];
• in Basque valleys, [145]
• V
• Val d’Aran, political anomaly of, [56-57];
• way to, from Urgel through Esterri, [194-198]
• Val Carlos, [148];
• accommodation at, [221]
• Vallcivera, Port de, [215]
• Valleys, nature of, on French slope, [15-18];
• eight, on western French slope, [12-15];
• two (Ariège and Tet) on eastern French slope, [14-15];
• on Spanish slope, nature of, [18-24]
• — the Four, district of Pyrenees, [155-166];
• strategical importance of, [155-156]
• Valley, “wrong,” see “[Wrong valley]”
• Venasque, mentioned as example of a town in a Spanish valley, [18];
• way to, from Panticosa, through Sobrarbe, [168-178];
• alternative southern way to, from Bielsa, [177-178];
• way to, from Luchon by Port d’Oo, [185-186];
• posada of, [232]
• — Port de, mentioned, [31], [184-185]
• Vernet, on way up Canigou, [212]
• Viella, in Val d’Aran, [197];
• road from, to Luchon, [198];
• hotels of, [229]
• Vielle, hotel at, [227]
• Villefranche, town of, rail-head in Tet valley, [209]
• Vultures, Peak of the, [153]
• W
• Watershed, forms political boundary during periods of high civilization, [40-41]
• Weather, peculiar difficulty of main ridge in doubtful, [31]
• Wine, Spanish, taste of, [219]
• Wood, rarely found near lake in Pyrenees, [32];
• effect of, on streams, [33]
• “Wrong valley,” types of danger of getting into, [133-140]

Printed by Jarrold & Sons, Ltd., Norwich

METHUEN’S GENERAL LITERATURE

A SELECTION OF
Messrs. Methuen’s
PUBLICATIONS

This Catalogue contains only a selection of the more important books published by Messrs. Methuen. A complete catalogue of their publications may be obtained on application.

PART I. GENERAL LITERATURE

Ashby (Thomas)

Some Italian Festivals. With 24 Illustrations. Crown 8vo. 7s. 6d. net.

Bain (F. W.)