[75] Independent, 1906.
[76] Life and Letters and Journals of George Ticknor.
[77] "The Presidential Campaign of 1860," p. 195, Fite, 1911.
[78] "Virginia's Attitude on Slavery and Secession," Mumford, pp. 211-12.
[79] Alexander Johnston, "Lalor's Encyclopædia," vol. III, p. 163.
[80] Ableman v. Booth, 21 How.
[81] Alexander Johnston, "Lalor's Encyclopædia," vol. III, p. 707.
[82] "The Presidential Campaign of 1860," Emerson David Fite, 1911, introductory chapter.
[83] See Fite, "Campaign of 1860," passim, and especially speech of Schurz, p. 244 et seq.
[84] Mrs. Chestnut, wife of the Confederate general, James Chestnut, writes in her "Diary from Dixie," under date of 1861, at Montgomery, Alabama, then the Confederate capital: "In Mrs. Davis's drawing-room last night, the President took a seat by me on the sofa where I sat. He talked for nearly an hour. He laughed at our faith in our own powers. We are like the British. We think every Southerner equal to three Yankees at least. We will have to be equivalent to a dozen now. After his experience of the fighting qualities of Southerners in Mexico, he believes that we will do all that can be done by pluck and muscle, endurance and dogged courage, dash, and red-hot patriotism. And yet his tone was not sanguine. There was a sad refrain running through it all. For one thing, either way, he thinks it will be a long war. That floored me at once. It has been too long for me already. Then he said, before the end came we would have many bitter experiences. He said only fools doubted the courage of the Yankees, or their willingness to fight when they saw fit. And now that we have stung their pride, we have roused them till they will fight like devils."