Church Needlework: A manual of practical instruction

by Hinda M. Hands

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APPENDIX A
TABLE OF LITURGICAL COLOURS ACCORDING TO THE ANCIENT USE OF FIVE ENGLISH DIOCESES OR CONVENTUAL CHURCHES COMPARED WITH THAT OF ROME

Season	Westminster	Sarum	Exeter	Wells	Lichfield	Rome
Advent	White	Unknown (? White)	Violet	Medius (? Blue)	Black	Violet
Christmas	White	Mixed colours	White	White	White	White
The Epiphany	White	Mixed colours	White	White	Red	White
Epiphany (Octave) to Septuagesima	White (to Candlemas)	Red	Green	Red	At will of Sacrist	Green
Septuagesima to Lent	Reddish (subrubeus)	Red	Violet	Unknown	—	Violet
Lent, first four weeks	Black (in practice, White)	Unknown (in practice, White)	Violet	—	Black	Violet
Lent, last two weeks or Passion-tide	Red	Red	Violet	Red	Red	Violet
Easter, from First Evensong, on Easter Eve, to Low Sunday	Red	White or Mixed colours	White	Red, Low Sunday White	White	White
Low Sunday to Ascension Day	Red	White	White	Red	White	White
Ascension Day to Whit Sunday	White	White or Mixed colours	—	White	White	White
Whit Sunday	Red (or Saffron) Yellow (or Green)	White or Mixed colours	Red	Red	White	Red
Trinity Sunday	Red	Mixed colours	If handsome, Green, otherwise White	Red	White	White
Corpus Christi and Octave	—	—	Red and White	Red	—	White
Sundays after Trinity	Red	Red	Green	Red	At will of Sacrist	Green
Week days after Trinity, not being Saints Days	—	Unknown	—	—	—	Green
Saints Days
St. Paul (January 25)	—	Red	Red or Blue	Red	Red	White
Evangelists	Red	Red	Red	Red	—	Red
Apostles	Red	Red	Red	Red	Red	Red
Martyrs	Red	Red	Red	Red	Red	Red
Virgins	White	White	White	White	White	White
Confessors	Yellow (or Green and Blue)	Yellow (or Saffron)	—	Blue and Green	Varius	White
St. John Baptist (June 24)	White	White	—	Indius (? Blue)	Varius	White
All Saints	—	Unknown	White, Red and all colours	White and Red	Varius	White
St. Michael and All Angels	White or Blue	White	White	White and Indius (? Blue)	White	White
St. John Evangelist	White	White	White	—	White	White
Holy Innocents	Violet	Unknown	—	Red	—	Violet
Festivals of the Blessed Virgin Mary	White	White	White	White	White	White
Dedication of Churches	—	White or Mixed colours	All colours	Blue and White	—	White
Burial	Black	Black	Black	Black	Black	Black

Wherever Black was ordered, Violet, Purple, Dark Blue, and Ash-colour, or Grey, seem to have been considered equivalent. So Green also replaced Yellow.

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APPENDIX B
A Few of the Symbols and Emblems most frequently used in Ecclesiastical Art

I. The Fish.—The first, in point of date, as a distinctly Christian Symbol (1) of Baptism, (2) of the Name of Our Lord, the letters In Greek forming an anagram of the Name Jesus.