NATIVES OF THE SLAVE STATES IN THE FREE STATES, AND NATIVES OF THE FREE STATES IN THE SLAVE STATES.—1850.
| States. | Natives of the Slave States. | States. | Natives of the Free States. |
| California | 24,055 | Alabama | 4,947 |
| Connecticut | 1,390 | Arkansas | 7,965 |
| Illinois | 144,809 | Delaware | 6,996 |
| Indiana | 176,581 | Florida | 1,718 |
| Iowa | 31,392 | Georgia | 4,219 |
| Maine | 458 | Kentucky | 31,340 |
| Massachusetts | 2,980 | Louisiana | 14,567 |
| Michigan | 3,634 | Maryland | 23,815 |
| New-Hampshire | 215 | Mississippi | 4,517 |
| New-Jersey | 4,110 | Missouri | 55,664 |
| New-York | 12,625 | North Carolina | 2,167 |
| Ohio | 152,319 | South Carolina | 2,427 |
| Pennsylvania | 47,180 | Tennessee | 6,571 |
| Rhode Island | 982 | Texas | 9,982 |
| Vermont | 140 | Virginia | 28,999 |
| Wisconsin | 6,353 | ||
| 609,223 | 205,924 |
This last table, compiled from the 116th page of the Compendium of the Seventh Census, shows, in a most lucid and startling manner, how negroes, slavery and slaveholders are driving the native non-slaveholding whites away from their homes, and keeping at a distance other decent people. From the South the tide of emigration still flows in a westerly and north-westerly direction, and it will continue to do so until slavery is abolished. The following remarks, which we extract from an editorial article that appeared in the Memphis (Tenn.) Bulletin near the close of the year 1856, are worth considering in this connection:—
“We have never before observed so large a number of immigrants going westward as are crossing the river at this point daily, the two ferry boats—sometimes three—going crowded from early morn until the boats cease making their trips at night. It is no uncommon sight to see from twenty to forty wagons encamped on the bluff for the night, notwithstanding there has been a steady stream going across the river all day, and yet the cry is, still they come.”
About the same time the Cassville (Geo.) Standard spoke with surprise of the multitude of emigrants crowding the streets of that town bound for the far West.
Prof. B. S. Hedrick, late of Chapel Hill, North Carolina, says:—
“Of my neighbors, friends and kindred, nearly one-half have left the State since I was old enough to remember. Many is the time I have stood by the loaded emigrant wagon, and given the parting hand to those whose faces I was never to look upon again. They were going to seek homes in the free West, knowing, as they did, that free and slave labor could not both exist and prosper in the same community. If any one thinks that I speak without knowledge, let him refer to the last census. He will there find that in 1850 there were fifty-eight thousand native North Carolinians living in the free States of the West—thirty-three-thousand in Indiana alone. There were, at the same time, one hundred and eighty thousand Virginians living in the free States. Now, if these people were so much in love with the ‘institution,’ why did they not remain where they could enjoy its blessings?
“From my knowledge of the people of North Carolina, I believe that the majority of them who will go to Kansas during the next five years, would prefer that it should be a free State. I am sure that if I were to go there I should vote to exclude slavery.”
For daring to have political opinions of his own, and because he did not deem it his duty to conceal the fact that he loved liberty better than slavery, the gallant author of the extract above quoted was peremptorily dismissed from his post of analytical and agricultural chemist in the University of North Carolina, ignominiously subjected to the indignities of a mob, and then savagely driven beyond the borders of his native State. His villainous persecutors, if not called to settle their accounts in another world within the next ten years, will probably survive to repent of the enormity of their pro-slavery folly.
TABLE NO. LVIII.