Of the seventy-two years, closing with Mr. Buchanan’s term, should he live it out, Southern men and slaveholders have occupied the Presidential chair forty-eight years and three months, or a little more than two-thirds of the time.
THE SUPREME COURT.
The judicial districts are organized so as to give five judges to the slave States, and four to the free, although the population, wealth, and business of the latter are far in advance of those of the former. The arrangement affords, however, an excuse for constituting the Supreme Court, with a majority of judges from the slaveholding States.
MEMBERS.
| Chief Justice— | R. B. Taney, Maryland. | |
| Associate | Justice— | J. M. Wayne, Georgia. |
| " | " | John Catron, Tennessee. |
| " | " | P. V. Daniel, Virginia. |
| " | " | John A. Campbell, Alabama. |
| " | " | John McLean, Ohio. |
| " | " | S. Nelson, New York. |
| " | " | R. C. Grier, Pennsylvania. |
| " | " | B. R. Curtis, Massachusetts. |
| Reporter— | B. C. Howard, Maryland. | |
| Clerk— | W. T. Carroll, D. C. | |
SECRETARIES OF STATE.
The highest office in the Cabinet is that of Secretary of State, who has under his charge the foreign relations of the country. Since the year 1789, there have been twenty-two appointments to the office—fourteen from slave States, eight from free. Or, counting by years, the post has been filled by Southern men and slaveholders very nearly forty years out of sixty-seven, as follows:
| Appointed. | ||
| Sept. 26, 1789, | Thomas Jefferson, Virginia. | |
| Jan. 2, 1794, | E. Randolph, Virginia. | |
| Dec. 10, 1795, | T. Pickering, Massachusetts. | |
| May 13, 1800, | J. Marshall, Virginia. | |
| March 5, 1801, | James Madison, Virginia. | |
| March 6, 1809, | R. Smith, Maryland. | |
| April 2, 1811, | James Monroe, Virginia. | |
| Feb. 28, 1815, | """ | |
| March 5, 1815, | J. Q. Adams, Massachusetts. | |
| March 7, 1825, | Henry Clay, Kentucky. | |
| March 6, 1829, | Martin Van Buren, New York. | |
| May 24, 1831, | E. Livingston, Louisiana. | |
| May 29, 1833, | Louis McLane, Delaware. | |
| June 27, 1834, | J. Forsyth, Georgia. | |
| March 5, 1841, | Daniel Webster, Massachusetts. | |
| July 24, 1843, | A. P. Upshur, Virginia. | |
| March 6, 1844, | J. C. Calhoun, South Carolina. | |
| March 5, 1845, | James Buchanan, Pennsylvania. | |
| March 7, 1849, | J. M. Clayton, Delaware. | |
| July 20, 1850, | Daniel Webster, Massachusetts. | |
| Dec. 9, 1851, | E. Everett, Massachusetts. | |
| March 5, 1853, | W. L. Marcy, New York. |
PRESIDENTS PRO TEM. OF THE SENATE.