Rate of Increase.
Per Cent.
Ireland2.45
Hungary2.40
Spain1.66
England1.65
Rhenish Prussia1.33
Austria1.30
Bavaria1.08
Netherlands0.94
Naples0.83
France0.63

And more recently, Legoyt brings up these results to the close of 1846.[15] As shown by the census, the rate of increase was, in

Per Cent.
Great Britain, exclusive of Ireland1.95
Prussia1.84
Saxony1.45
Norway1.36
Sardinia1.08
Holland0.90
Austria0.85
Sweden0.83
France0.68

Or, as shown by the annual excess of births over deaths, and therefore more reliable—

Per Cent.
Norway1.30
Prussia1.18
Sweden1.14
Holland1.03
Wurtemberg1.00
Great Britain, exclusive of Ireland1.00
Denmark0.95
Austria0.90
Saxony0.90
Hanover0.85
Belgium0.76
Bavaria0.71
Russia0.61
France0.50

In four departments of France, among which are two of the most thriving of Normandy, the deaths actually exceed the births.[16]

From the above facts, it would naturally be supposed that the percentage of births to the whole population must be smaller than in other European countries, and from the lessened annual rate of increase of the population, that the proportionate number of births must be decreasing in similar ratio. This is found, indeed, to be the case.

From large statistics furnished by De Jonnés, we have compiled the following table of the comparative ratios of births to the population in the principal countries of Europe:—

Ratio.
Venice and Dependencies, 18271 to 23
Tuscany, 1834”
Lombardy, 18281 to 24
Russia, 18351 to 25
Wurtemberg, 1821 to 1827”
Prussia, 1836”
Mecklenburg, 18261 to 26
Sardinia, 1820”
Naples and Dependencies, 1830”
Greece, 1828”
Poland, 18301 to 27
Ireland, 1821 to 1831”
Germany, 1828”
Switzerland, 1828”
Spain, 1826”
Portugal, 1815 to 18191 to 27.5
Sweden, 18251 to 28
Holland, 1832”
Austria, 1829”
Belgium, 1836”
Bavaria, 1825”
Two Sicilies, 1831”
Sweden and Norway, 18281 to 30
Denmark, 1833”
Roman States, 1836”
Turkey, 1835”
Hanover, 18351 to 31
Sicily, 1832”
Austria, 1828 to 18301 to 32
Great Britain, 1821 to 1831”
Scotland, 1821 to 18311 to 34
England, 1821 to 18311 to 35
Norway, 1832”
France, 1771 to 18511 to 25
to 1 to 37