Briefly to recapitulate these groups:—

Maine,ClassII.
New Hampshire,”II.
Vermont,”III.
Massachusetts,”III.
Rhode Island,no statute.
Connecticut,ClassI.
New York,”II.
New Jersey,none.
Pennsylvania,none.
Delaware,none.
Maryland,none.
District of Columbia,none.
Virginia,ClassIII.
North Carolina,none.
South Carolina,none.
Georgia,none.
Florida,none.
Alabama,ClassIII.
Mississippi,”I.
Louisiana,”III.
Texas,”III.
Ohio,ClassII.
Indiana,”IV.
Illinois,”III.
Michigan,”II.
Kentucky,none.
Tennessee,none.
Missouri,ClassIII.
Arkansas,”I.
Wisconsin,ClassIII.
Iowa,none.
Minnesota,ClassI.
California,”III.
Oregon,”I.

We now proceed to the consideration of these statutes in detail, and for this purpose, present them at length.

I. States acknowledging the crime only after quickening:—

Connecticut.—“Every person who shall willfully and maliciously administer to, or cause to be administered to, or taken by, any woman then being quick with child, any medicine, drug, noxious substance, or other thing, with intent thereby to produce the miscarriage of such woman, or to destroy the child of which she is pregnant, or shall willfully and maliciously use and employ any instrument or other means to produce such miscarriage, or to destroy such child, shall suffer imprisonment in the Connecticut State prison for a term not less than seven, nor more than ten years.”[177]

Mississippi.—“The willful killing of an unborn quick child, by any injury to the mother of such child, which would be murder if it resulted in the death of the mother, shall be deemed manslaughter.

“Every person who shall administer to any woman pregnant with a quick child, any medicine, drug, or substance whatever, or shall use or employ any instrument or other means, with intent thereby to destroy such child, unless the same shall have been necessary to preserve the life of such mother, or shall have been advised by a physician to be necessary for such purpose, shall be deemed guilty of manslaughter.”[178] Punishment, by fine not less than one thousand dollars, or imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year, or in the penitentiary for not less than two years.

Arkansas.—“The willful killing of an unborn quick child, by any injury to the mother of such child, which would be murder if it resulted in the death of such mother, shall be adjudged manslaughter.

“Every person who shall administer to any woman pregnant with a quick child, any medicine, drug, or substance whatever, or shall employ any instrument or other means, with intent thereby to destroy such child, and thereby shall cause its death, unless the same shall be necessary to preserve the life of the mother, or shall have been advised by a regular physician to be necessary for such purpose, shall be deemed guilty of manslaughter.”[179]

Minnesota.—“The willful killing of an unborn infant child, by any injury to the mother of such child, which would be murder if it resulted in the death of such mother, shall be deemed manslaughter in the first degree.