CONTENTS

PAGE
PREFACE[v]
ABBREVIATIONS[xv]
INTRODUCTION[xvii]
[PART I]
WAR ORGANIZATION OF THE PRESENT DAY
[CHAPTER I]
THE OBJECT OF ORGANIZATION
Command[3]
Definition of Organization[4]
The Chain of Command[5]
Units or Formations of Troops[6]
[CHAPTER II]
THE FIGHTING TROOPS
The Arms of the Service[8]
Characteristics of the Arms[8]
1. Cavalry[9]
2. Artillery[12]
3. Engineers[13]
4. Infantry[15]
[CHAPTER III]
ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITS OF EACH ARM
1. Infantry[17]
2. Cavalry[21]
3. Artillery[23]
4. Engineers[30]
[CHAPTER IV]
NEW VARIETIES OF FIGHTING TROOPS
1. Mounted Infantry[32]
2. Mountain Infantry[33]
3. Mountain Artillery[34]
4. Machine Guns[34]
5. Cavalry Pioneers[35]
6. Cyclists and Motor Cars[36]
7. Scouts[37]
8. Field Orderlies[39]
9. Military Police[39]
[CHAPTER V]
FORMATIONS OF ALL ARMS
1. The Division[42]
2. The Army Corps[44]
3. Cavalry Corps[47]
4. The Army as a Unit[48]
The Administrative Services for the above[51]
[CHAPTER VI]
THE STAFF
Composition of Head-Quarters[54]
The General Staff[57]
The Adjutant-General’s Branch[59]
The Quarter-Master-General’s Branch[59]
Staff of Subordinate Commands[60]
Importance of the Staff[60]
Number of Officers allotted to the Staff[61]
[CHAPTER VII]
WAR ESTABLISHMENTS
Their Object and Utility[62]
States and Returns[65]
Reinforcements[66]
Evils of Improvised Organizations[68]
Importance of Preserving Original Organization[69]
The Ordre de Bataille[71]
Importance of keeping it Secret[72]
Consequent drawbacks of Symmetry in Organization[72]
[PART II]
BRITISH WAR ORGANIZATION
[CHAPTER VIII]
THE EXPEDITIONARY FORCE
Its Composition[78]
Composition of Subordinate Commands[80]
Strength of the Sub-Commands, and of Whole Force[83]
Strength of Units of each Arm[85]
Composition of their Head-Quarters[86]
[CHAPTER IX]
THE EXPEDITIONARY FORCE (continued)
ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
Their Directors[88]
Organization of the Lines of Communication[90]
The Main Services, having Units with the Fighting Troops[92]
1. Service of Inter-communication[92]
2. Transport[97]
3. Supply[101]
4. The Medical Services[106]
[CHAPTER X]
THE EXPEDITIONARY FORCE (continued)
SERVICES ON THE LINES OF COMMUNICATION
5. The Veterinary Service[111]
6. The Ordnance Service[112]
7. The Railway Services[115]
8. The Works Service[116]
9. The Postal Service[117]
10. The Accounts Department[118]
11. The Records Branch[119]
12. Depôts for Personnel[120]
[CHAPTER XI]
The Territorial Force[121]
The Army of India[122]
[CHAPTER XII]
SPECIAL FEATURES OF BRITISH WAR ORGANIZATION
Their Object and Advantages[125]
[PART III]
ORGANIZATION OF FOREIGN ARMIES
[CHAPTER XIII]
WAR ORGANIZATION OF THE FIGHTING TROOPS
Normal War Organization[140]
Organization of each Army[141]
1. Germany[141]
2. France[145]
3. Russia[147]
4. Austria-Hungary[148]
5. Italy[150]
6. Japan[151]
7. Switzerland[152]
8. United States[154]
[CHAPTER XIV]
COMPOSITION OF NATIONAL ARMIES
Armies of First Line[155]
Armies of Second Line[156]
Reserves[158]
War Strengths of the Various Powers[160]
[PART IV]
HISTORY OF ORGANIZATION
INTRODUCTION[165]
[CHAPTER XV]
ORGANIZATION IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY
Origin of Organization[167]
Earliest Regimental Organization[171]
The early Standing Armies of Europe[175]
[CHAPTER XVI]
THE EVOLUTION OF INFANTRY
Early Origins—Pikes—Firearms[177]
Infantry under Maurice of Nassau[180]
Regiments—Brigades—Battalions[180]
Infantry under Gustavus Adolphus[182]
French Infantry in Reign of Louis XIV[184]
Fusiliers—Grenadiers—Light Infantry[186]
[CHAPTER XVII]
THE EVOLUTION OF CAVALRY
Early Origins[192]
Origin of true Cavalry in the “Reiters”[193]
Cuirassiers—Carbineers—Dragoons[194]
Cavalry under Maurice—under Gustavus—under Cromwell—under Frederick[195]
Light Horse—Hussars—Lancers[197]
Cavalry Brigades—Divisions[198]
[CHAPTER XVIII]
THE EVOLUTION OF ARTILLERY AND ENGINEERS
The Artillery[199]
Early Origins—the Artillery Train[200]
Battalion Guns—Heavy Guns[201]
Improvement in Artillery Organization under Frederick[202]
Horse Artillery—Batteries formed—Military Drivers[202]
Divisional and Corps Artillery[203]
The Engineers[204]
[CHAPTER XIX]
ORGANIZATION IN THE SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES
The “New Model” Army[206]
The Armies of the Eighteenth Century[210]
[CHAPTER XX]
ORGANIZATION IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
Changes in the Wars following the French Revolution[215]
Divisions—Army Corps[215]
Details of Napoleon’s Organization[218]
Composition and Strength of his Army Corps[219]
Prussian Organization in the Nineteenth Century[221]
Proportion of Cavalry and Guns to Infantry[223]
[CHAPTER XXI]
THE EVOLUTION OF THE STAFF AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES
1. The Staff[225]
The General Staff[228]
Napoleon’s Staff[230]
Prussian Staff in 1870[231]
2. The Supply and Transport Services[232]
3. The Medical Organization for War[234]
[PART V]
MILITARY COMMAND
[CHAPTER XXII]
PRINCIPLES OF COMMAND
Mode of Exercising Command[239]
Instructions—Orders[242]
Limits of Initiative in Staff Officers[246]
[CHAPTER XXIII]
PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ARMIES
The Dynamic Crowd[248]
Its Qualities[250]
Its Leaders[251]
Armies Dynamic Crowds[252]
Their Leaders[252]
Will Power—Prestige[253]
[APPENDIX A]
Origin of Military Terms[257]
[APPENDIX B]
Remarks on Military Nomenclature[265]
DIAGRAM OF FIELD ARMY[136]

ERRATA

Page 34, line 2, for “Mounted” read “Mountain.”
” 104, line 6, for “lb.” read “oz.” in two places.”
” 141, line 6, for “270” read “240.”
” 183, line 10, for “100” read “1000.”

ABBREVIATIONS

A few abbreviations of familiar military terms have been used. These are:

A.G.Adjutant-General.
Q.M.G.Quarter-Master-General.
C.-in-C.Commander-in-Chief.
A.D.C.Aide de Camp.
N.C.O.Non-Commissioned Officer.
Q.M.S.Quarter-Master-Sergeant.
A.S.C.Army Service Corps.
R.A.M.C.Royal Army Medical Corps.
T. and S.Transport and Supply.
L. of C.Lines of Communication.