[XVIII-66] Sept. 12, 1878. Salv., Diario Ofic., Oct. 11, 1878.
[XVIII-67] Costa R., Instal. Asamblea Legis., 1880, 7 f.
[XVIII-68] Abolition of capital punishment adopted; also the following clauses: laws to have no retroactive effect; all persons, not convicted of crime, were free, and to have the privilege of entering and leaving the republic; right of congregating unarmed to discuss public affairs, and the conduct of officials, of petitioning individually or collectively, and of expressing political opinions, together with freedom of the press fully recognized. Pan. Star and Herald, Oct. 16, 1880.
[XVIII-69] Free expressions of opinion were an open road to persecution. Id., Nov. 6, 1880.
[XVIII-70] Costa R., Honores Fún., 1882, 1-59; Pan. Star and Herald, July 20, 1882.
[XVIII-71] Fernandez was born in San José July 18, 1834. He received a portion of his education in Guat., and at 18 years of age entered the Costa Rican army. In 1854 he was a sub-lieutenant, and in 1856 served in Nic. against Walker. In 1860 he fought against the invaders under Ex-presid. Mora at Angostura. In 1870 he was one of the few men that captured the artillery barracks, thereby causing the overthrow of Presid. Jimenez. During Guardia's rule he held several positions of trust and rose to gen. of division. His wife was named Cristina Guardia. Costa R., Boletin Ofic., March 14, 1885; Id., Gaceta, April 30, 1885.
[XVIII-72] Aug. 11, 1882, a gen. amnesty for political offences to date was decreed.
[XVIII-73] A sort of compromise was agreed to; a few officials were removed, and the Quincenal Josefino, Montúfar's journal, ceased publication. Pan. Star and Herald, Feb. 24, 1883.
[XVIII-74] They were embarked the 19th at Limon; and the fact was telegraphed the same day to the other Cent. Am. governments by Sec. of State Castro. El Guatemalteco, July 30, 1884; Costa R., Informe Rel., 1885, 17, 89-91; Pan. Star and Herald, Sept. 18, 1885.
[XVIII-75] July 19th, cemeteries were secularized. July 22d, religious orders were suppressed. All these executive decrees were countersigned by Minister Bernardo Soto, who later became president. Costa R., Gaceta, June 9, 1885.