CONJUGATION OF THE VERB TO BE COLD.

PRESENT INDICATIVE, SINGULAR.
I am cold,naika tçinokhkeakh
Thou art cold,maika tçiçomkeakh
He is cold,iakhka tçikeakh
DUAL.
We (two) are cold (exc.),ndaika tçiçontkeakh
We (two) are cold (incl.),tkhaika tçiçtkeakh
You (two) are cold,mdaika tçimokeakh
They (two) are cold,ictakhka tçiçtkeakh
PLURAL.
We are cold (exc.),ntçaika tçicontçkeakh
We are cold (incl.),olkhaika tçilokeakh
You are cold,mçaika tçiçomçkeakh
They are cold,tkhlaitçka tçiçotkhlkeakh
IMPERFECT.
Yesterday I was cold,takotkhl naika tçinotkeakh
FIRST FUTURE.
By and bye I shall be cold,atkhlke naika tçiçonkhatka
I shall be cold,naika onçkhatka tçiç
THE VERB TO KILL.
I kill thee,aminowagua
I kill him,tçinowagua
I kill you (dual),omtkinowagua
I kill them (dual),oçtkinowagua
I kill you (pl.),omçkinowagua
I kill them,otkhlkinowngua
You kill him,omçkiwagua
You kill them,otkhlkiwagua

Dialectic differences particularly among the upper Chinooks, or Watlalas, are found principally in words; grammatical forms being alike in both.[III'-47] Kane remarks as a peculiarity that this language contains "no oaths, or any words conveying gratitude or thanks."[III'-48]

CALAPOOYA PRONOUNS.

Moving again southward to the Willamette Valley, I find the Calapooya language, and for the first time a soft and harmonious idiom. Although the guttural kh sometimes occurs, it is more frequently softened to h. The consonants are ç, or s, f, j, k, l, m, n, ng, p, or b, t, or d, q, and w. Unlike the Sahaptin and Chinook there are neither dual nor plural forms in the Calapooya language.

The personal pronouns are:

Itsi, or tsii
Thoumaha, or maa
Hekoka, or kak
Wesoto
Youmiti
Theykinuk
My fathertsi simna
Thy fathermaha kaham
His fatherkok inifam
Our fathersoto tufam
Your fathermiti tifam
Their fatherkinuk inifam
My mothertsi sinni
Thy mothermaha kanni
His motherkok ininnim
Our mothersoto tunnim
Your mothermiti tinnim
Their motherkinuk ininnim

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB TO BE SICK, ILFATIN.

PRESENT NEUTER.
I am sick,tsi ilfatin
Thou art sick,intsi ilfatin
He is sick,ilfatin
We are sick,tsiti ilfaf
You are sick,intsip ilfaf
They are sick,kinuk in ilfaf
NEGATIVE.
I am not sick,wangk tsik ilfatit
IMPERFECT.
I was sick yesterday,ilfatin tsi kuyi
Thou wast sick yesterday,imku ilfatin
He was sick yesterday,hu ilfatin
FIRST FUTURE.
To-morrow I shall be sick,midji taïlfit tsii