Alice Zimmern.

Tunbridge Wells, October, 1893.

CONTENTS.

PAGE
[List of Illustrations][xi]
[Introduction][xvii]
[Chapter I][Costume][1]
[Chapter II][Birth and Infancy][78]
[Chapter III][Education][99]
[Chapter IV][Marriage and Women][133]
[Chapter V][Daily Life Within and Without the House][175]
[Chapter VI][Meals and Social Entertainments][202]
[Chapter VII][Sickness and Physicians, Death and Burial][233]
[Chapter VIII][Gymnastics][265]
[Chapter IX][Music and Dancing][306]
[Chapter X][Religious Worship][323]
[Chapter XI][Public Festivals][349]
[Chapter XII][The Theatre][392]
[Chapter XIII][War and Seafaring][450]
[Chapter XIV][Agriculture, Trade, and Handicraft][489]
[Chapter XV][Slavery][519]
[Index][537]

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE
[1.]Ancient Male and Female Costumes. Vase-painting from Élite céramographique, II. 27[5]
[2.]Antique Male Chiton with Himation. Vase-painting from Gerhard. Etruskische und campanische Vasenbilder. Plate 21[6]
[3.]Antique Costumes (Dance) from the François Vase. From the Wiener archæologische Vorlegeblätter. Series II. Plates 3 and 14[8]
[4.]Costumes of the Fifth Century B.C. (Rape of Helen.) Vase-painting by Hiero. From Gerhard. Trinkschalen und Gefäsze. Plates 11 and 12[10]
[5.]Short Male Chiton with Kolpos. Vase-painting from Gerhard. (See 2.) Plates 6 and 7[13]
[6.]Warrior in Exomis. Relief on a Tombstone. From Bulletin de correspondence hellénique, IV. Plate 7[14]
[7.]Statue of Sophocles in the Lateran. From a Photograph.[16]
[8.]Citizen in Chiton and Himation. Terra-cotta from Bull. de corr. hell., VII. Plate 12.[17]
[9.]Costume of Ephebos (Adoration of a Hermes). Vase-painting from Schreiber. Kulturhistorischer Atlas, Altertum. Plate 14, 3[18]
[10.]Dress of Attic Ephebos (Farewell of a Young Warrior). Vase-painting from Baumeister. Denkmäler des classichen Altertums. Fig. 421.[19]
[11.]Antique Female Costumes from the François Vase. From Wiener arch. Vorlegebl.[23]
[12.]Antique Female Costume. Vase-painting by Exekias. From Mon. d’Inst. Archéol., II. 22.[24]
[13.]Antique Female Costume. Vase-painting from Stephani. Kampf des Theseus and Minotaurus. Plate I.[25]
[14.]Antique Female Dress, from the François Vase. (See 3.) Plate V.[26]
[15.]Antique Female Costumes. Vase-painting from El. céram., III. 36, B.[27]
[16.]Ancient Female Costume with Kolpos. Vase-painting from Gerhard. Auserlesene Vasenbilder, III. 727[29]
[17.]Dress of the Fifth Century B.C. From a Vase-painting by Euphronios. From the Wiener arch. Vorlegebl. Series V. Plate 7[31]
[18.]Female Costume of the Fifth Century B.C. (Mænads), from a Vase by Hiero. Idem. Plate 4[32]
[19.]Female Costume of the Fifth Century B.C., from a Vase by Brygos. From Mon. d’Inst., V. 14[34]
[20.]Modes of arranging Chiton. V.-P. from Tischbein. Vases Hamilton, I. 7[35]
[21.]Putting on the Chiton and arranging the Bib. Bronze Statue from Herculaneum. From a Photograph.[36]
[22.]Caryatid from the Erechtheum. From Baumeister. (See 10.) Fig. 535[37]
[23.]High-girt Chiton with Himation. Statue of a Daughter of Niobe in the Museo Chiaramonti in the Vatican. From a Photograph[38]
[24.]Ungirt Chiton with Himation. V.-P., Gerhard. (See 2.) Plates 6 and 7[40]
[25.]Open Chiton with Mantle. Vase-painting from the Wiener arch. Vorlegebl. Series II. Plate 6, 2[41]
[26.]Open Chiton with Mantle. Vase-painting from El. céram., III. 56[42]
[27.]Lady in Walking Dress. Terra-cotta Figure from Stackelberg. Gräber der Hellenen. Plate 67[41] and [45]
[28.]Lady in Walking Dress. Idem[46]
[29.]Sandals. Collected from Works of Art (chiefly Vase-paintings)[49]
[30.]Sandals with High Straps. Idem[50]
[31.]Antique Men’s Shoes. Idem[51]
[32.]Men’s and Women’s Shoes. Idem[52]
[33.]High Boots (Endromides). Idem[53]
[34.]High Boots with Overhanging Lappets. Idem[54]
[35.]Various Shapes of the Petasos. Idem[56]
[36.]The Common Forms of Petasos. Idem[57]
[37.]Uncommon Forms of Petasos. Idem[58]
[38.]Youth in Travelling Costume. Vase-painting from Overbeck. Gallerie heroischer Bildwerke. Plate 2, 1[59]
[39.]Exomis and Pilos. Statuette of Odysseus. From Winckelmann. Monumenti mediti, No. 154[60]
[40.]Sailor’s Costume. V.-P. from Welcker. Alte Denkamäler, III. Plate 39, 1[61]
[41.]Lady with Petasos. Terra-cotta Figure from Kekulé. Terra-cotten von Sicilien. Plate 33[62]
[42.]Lady with Sunshade. V.-P. from Gerhard. Vases grecs. Plate 8[63]
[43] and [44].Antique Modes of Dressing the Hair. Vase-painting and Marble Head from Schreiber. (See 9.) Plate 85, 3 and 14[66]
[45] and [46]. Antique Coiffures. Marble Heads from Mitteilungen des Deutschen archäologischen Instituts in Athen, VIII. (1883.) Plate X. 12a and XI. 1[67]
[47.]Antique Coiffure. Marble Head. Idem. Plate XII. 4a and 4b[68]
[48.]Antique Coiffure. V.-P. by Euphronios. Idem. Plate XI. 5[69]
[49.]Antique Coiffure. Bronze Head from Pompeii. From a Photograph[70]
[50.]Antique Mode of Wearing the Beard. Relief from Nuove memorie dell’Inst. Archeol. Plate 13[73]
[51] and [52].Female Coiffure. Terra-cotta Heads from Kekulé. (See 41.) Plates 161 and 22, 6[74]
[53] and [54].Female Coiffure. Idem. Plates 16, 5 and 162[75]
[55],[56],[57].Female Coiffure. Idem. Plates 17, 1; 18, 5; and 19, 5[76] and [77]
[58.]Relief from a Tomb representing Child in Swaddling-clothes. From Ann. d’Inst. 1830. Add. Plate, G[79]
[59.]Hermes in the Cradle. V.-P. from Arch. Zeitg. for 1844. Plate 20[81]
[60.]Child’s Bed on Rollers. V.-P. from Nuove mem. dell’Inst. Arch. Plate 15, 2[82]
[61.]Mother giving her Child the Breast. Terra-cotta Figure from Gerhard. Gesammelte Abhandlungen. Plate 80, 2[83]
[62.]Mother and Child. Relief from a Tomb at Athens. From a Photograph[86]
[63.]Boy with small Cart and Dog. V.-P. from Stackelberg. (See 27.) Plate 17[87]
[64.]Child’s Cart. Vase-painting from Compte-rendu de la commission archéologique de St. Pétersbourg. 1871. Plate 5, 4[88]
[65.]Child with Cart drawn by Dogs. V.-P. from Baumeister. (See 10.) Fig. 766[89]
[66.]Jointed Doll. Terra-cotta Figure. From Antiqu. du Bosph. Cimmér. Plate 74, 8[90]
[67.]Boy with Hoop. Vase-painting from El céram., I. 18[91]
[68.]Toy Quiver. From Compte-rendu de St. Pètersb. for 1873. Plate 38[92]
[69.]Girl flying a Kite. Vase-painting from Arch. Ztg. for 1895, p. 125[93]
[70.]Boy with Wheel. V.-P. from Benndorf. Griech. u. Sicil. Vasenbilder, p. 62[94]
[71.]Woman with Wheel. Vase-painting from Gerhard, Vases grecs.
Plate 10		[95]
[72.]Child’s Swing. V.-P. from Ann. d’Inst. 1857. Add. Plate, A[96]
[73.]See-saw. Vase-painting from Schreiber. (See 9.) Plate 79, 6[96]
[74.]See-saw on the Foot. V.-P. from Baumeister. (See 10.) Fig. 834[97]
[75.]Attic School Instruction. Vase-painting by Duris. From Arch. Ztg. for 1869. Plate 1[105]
[76.]Ephebi racing on Horseback. V.-P. from Schreiber. (See 9.) Plate 24, 9[125]
[77.]Female Racer from Elis. Statue in the Vatican. From a Photograph[131]
[78.]Reception of Bride at Bridegroom’s House. Vase-painting from Stackelberg. (See 27.) Plate 32[143]
[79.]Women at the Well. Vase-painting from Gerhard. (See 16.) IV. 308, 9[150]
[80.]Woman Spinning. Vase-painting. Idem, IV. 302 and 3, M 3[153]
[81.]Woman at the Loom (Penelope). V.-P. from Mon. d’Inst., IX. 42, 1[154]
[82.]Women at Bath and the Toilet. Vase-painting from Stackelberg. (See
27.) Plate 33		[155]
[83.]Women Washing. Vase-painting from Gerhard. (See 16.) III. 218[156]
[84.]Folding-up Clothes. Vase-painting. Idem, IV. 301[157]
[85.]Women’s Toilet and Bath. V.-P. from Baumeister. (See 10.) Fig. 220[158]
[86.]Washing at the Well and Completion of Toilet. (Athene and Hera before the Judgment of Paris.) V.-P. from Mon. d’Inst., IV. 18[160]
[87.]Women’s Public Bath. Vase-painting from El. céram., IV. 18[161]
[88.]Toilet Scene. Vase-painting from Gazette archéologique for 1879. Plate 23[Frontispiece]
[89.]Lady Arranging her Hair. Terra-cotta from Tanagra. Idem. 1878. Plate 10[163]
[90.]Lady (Bride?) at her Toilet. V-P. from Benndorf. (See 70.) Plate 45, 1[164]
[91.]Scene from the Life of Women. V.-P. from Gerhard. (See 4.) Plate 14, 1[165]
[92.]Toilet Scenes. From Compte-rendu de St. Pétersbourg. 1860. Plate 1, 3[168]
[93.]Diagram of a Water-clock[187]
[94.]Bronze Razors, from Helbig. Das homerische Epos. Fig. 49[188]
[95.]Hair-dresser. Terra-cotta Group, from Tanagra. From Arch. Ztg., XXXII. Plate 14[189]
[96.]Men’s Public Bath. Vase-painting from Schreiber. (See 9.) Plate 21, 9[193]
[97] and [98].Drinking Scenes. V.-P. from Mon. d’Inst., III. 12[210] and [211]
[99.]Female Juggler. Vase-painting from Mus. Borbonico, VII. 35[217]
[100.]Female Juggler, from Baumeister. (See 10.) Fig. 631[218]
[101.]Cottabus. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., VII. 51, 2[222]
[102.]Playing “Board-games.” Terra-cotta Group from Arch. Ztg., XXI. Plate 173, 1[224]
[103.]Girl Playing Astragals. Terra-cotta Figure from Tanagra; from Baumeister. (See 10.) Fig. 156[226]
[104.]Morra Players. Vase-painting from Arch. Ztg., XXIX. Plate 56, 1[227]
[105.]Cock-fighting. Vase-painting from Baumeister. (See 10.) Fig. 695[228]
[106.]Consequences of Intemperance. Vase-painting from Arch. Vorlegebl. Series VIII. Plate 5[229]
[107.]Scene at a Nocturnal Comus (Hercules and Satyrs). Vase-painting from Benndorf. (See 70.) Plate 95[231]
[108.]Funeral Lament. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., III. 60[247]
[109.]Funeral Lament. V.-P. from Ann. d’Inst. 1869. Plate 299, O.P.[248]
[110.]Burial. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., VIII. 4, 1b[252]
[111.]Corpse in the Tomb. V.-P. from Stackelberg. (See 27.) Plate 38[253]
[112.]Extinguishing the Funeral Pile. V.-P. from Mon. d’Inst., IV. 41[256]
[113] and [114].Athenian Beliefs on Tombs. From Arch. Ztg., XXIX. Plates 43 and 44[257] and [259]
[115.]Care of a Grave. Vase-painting from Stackelberg. (See 27.) Plate 44[260]
[116.]Care of a Grave. Vase-painting from Benndorf. (See 70.) Plate 25[261]
[117.]Relief from an Athenian Tomb. From a Photograph[263]
[118.]Gymnastic Exercises. V.-P, from Baumeister. (See 10.) Fig. 611[267]
[119.]Exercise with Dumb-bells. Engraving from a Bronze Discus. From Ann. d’Inst. Plate B[268]
[120.]Racers. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., X. 48m[272]
[121.]Runners and Jumpers. Vase-painting from Gerhard. (See 16.) IV. 259[273]
[122.]Armour Race. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., X. 48e, 3[274]
[123.]Standing Discobolus of the Vatican. Marble Statue. From a Photograph[276]
[124.]Throwing Discobolus (after Myron) in the Vatican. Marble Statue. From a Photograph[279]
[125.]Discobolus after the Throw. Bronze Statue at Naples. From a Photograph[280]
[126.]Spear-thrower. Engraving. Reverse of Fig. 119[282]
[127.]Running, Jumping, Spear-throwing, Boxing. Vase-painting by Pamphaios, From Mon. d’Inst., XI. 24[283]
[128.]Wrestlers. Marble Group in the Uffizzi at Florence. From a Photograph[287]
[129.]Wrestlers. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., II. 24[288]
[130.]Wrestlers. Vase-painting. Idem, X. 48e, 1[289]
[131.]Wrestlers. Vase-painting from Gerhard. (See p. 4.) Plate 20[291]
[132.]Boxers. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., 48e, 2[294]
[133.]Boxers. Vase-painting from Benndorf. (See 70.) Plate 31, 2a[295]
[134.]Gymnastic Exercise with a Sphere. Bas-relief from Schreiber. (See 9.) Plate 23, 2[300]
[135.]Archery. Vase-painting from Schreiber. (See 9.) Plate 80, 7[301]
[136.]Women playing Musical Instruments. V.-P. from El. céram., II. 86[310]
[137.]Woman playing the Trigonon. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., V. 37[313]
[138] and [139.]Flute player. Bronze Statuette from Dodona. From Carapanos. Dodone et ses ruines. Plate 10[314] and [315]
[140.]Flute-player. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., X. 10[317]
[141.]Performance of a Flute-player. Vase-painting by Euphronios. From Wiener arch. Vorlegebl. Series V. 4[318]
[142.]Female Flute-player and Dancer with Castanets. Vase-painting by Hiero. Idem. Series C. 5[319]
[143.]Lustral Sacrifice. Vase-painting from Heydemann. Griechische Vasenbilder. Plate 11, 3[331]
[144.]Presentation of Sacrificial Offerings. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., VI. and VII. Plate 37[332]
[145] and [146.]Presentation of Sacrificial Offerings. Vase-paintings from Benndorf. (See 70.) Plate 45, 2[333] and [334]
[147.]Sacrificial Scene, Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., IX. 53[339]
[148.]Leaden Tablet with Question addressed to the Oracle of Delphi. From Carapanos. (See 138.) Plate 36, 2[345]
[149.]Putting Horses to a Chariot. Vase-painting from Gerhard. (See 16.) IV. 249 and 250[355]
[150.]Plan and Section of the great Theatre of Dionysus at Athens. From the Zeitschrift für Bildende Kunst for 1878, p. 193[393]
[151.]Theatre of Syracuse in its present Condition. From a Photograph[395]
[152.]Theatre of Syracuse: Ground plan. From Strack. Griechisches Theater. Plate V. 1[396]
[153.]Theatre of Segesta, Reconstructed. Idem. Plate I.[397]
[154] and [155.]Tragic Mask. Terra-cotta from Vulci. From Ann. d’Inst.
1881. Plate K		[427]
[156] and [157.]Comic Masks. Idem. Plate J[431]
[158.]Comic Actor. Terra-cotta from Arch. Ztg. for 1854 Plate 69, 3[432]
[159.]Comic Actor. Terra-cotta from Kekulé. (See 41.) Plate 51, 5[433]
[160.]Masks from the Andromeda-myth. Pompeian Wall-painting from Arch. Ztg. for 1878. Plate 3[435]
[161] and [162.]Tragic Actor. Ivory Statuette from Mon. d’Inst., XI. 13[437]
[163.]Scene from Comedy (The Sick Chiron?) Vase-painting from El. céram., II. 94[439]
[164.]Scene from Comedy. (Adventure of Hercules.) Vase-painting from Arch. Vorlegebl. Series B. Plate 32, a[441]
[165.]Scene from Comedy. (Soldier and Parasite.) Pompeian Wall-painting from Mus. Borbon., IV. 18[443]
[166.]Military Chariot. Vase-painting from Compte-rendu for 1874. Plate 5[453]
[167] and [168.]Warriors putting on their Armour. From Gerhard. (See 16.) IV. 269[458] and [458]
[169.]Murder of Dolon. Vase-painting from Gerhard. (See 4.) Plate C, 1[460]
[170.]Achilles binds up the Wounds of Patroclus. Vase painting from Mon. d’Inst., I. 25[461]
[171.]Farewell of Amphiaraus. Idem, III. 54[463]
[172.]Equipment of a Warrior. Vase-painting by Duris. Idem, VIII. 41[464]
[173.][174], and[175]. Ancient Greek Helmets. From Helbig. (See 94.) Figs. 70-72[466]
[176.]Warriors playing Draughts. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., II. 22[467]
[177.]Death of Memnon. Vase-painting from Gerhard. (See 4.) Plate D[469]
[178],[179],[180],[181].Spear-heads from Dodona. From Carapanos. (See 138.) Plates, 57, 8; 58, 1; 3 and 5[471] and [472]
[182],[183],[184]. Swords from Mycenae. From Helbig. (See 94.) Figs. 90, 86 and 87[473]
[185] and [186.]Swords from Italian Lake-dwellings. Idem. Figs. 88 and 89[474]
[187.]Head of an Arrow from Megalopolis[477]
[188] and [189.]Greek Spurs from Dodona. From Carapanos. (See 138.) Plate 52, 1 and 2[479]
[190.]Sailing Vessel. Vase-painting from Schreiber. (See 9.) Plate 45, 11[481]
[191.]Ship of Odysseus. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., I. 8[482]
[192] and [193.]Antique Ships with Spurs at the Prow. Vase-painting from Helbig. (See 94.) Figs. [3] and [3][483]
[194.]Ship with two Rows of Oars. V.-P. from Schreiber. (See 9.) Plate 45, 12[484]
[195.]Attic Trireme. Relief from Ann. d’Inst. 1861. Plate M, 2[485]
[196.]Men Ploughing, Vase-painting from Berichte der Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaft for 1867. Plate I. 1[494]
[197.]Olive Harvest. Idem. Plate III. 2[495]
[198.]Artisan in Exomis. Terra-cotta from Bull. de corr. hell., VII. Plate 12[502]
[199.]Shoemaker. Vase-painting. (See 196.) Plate III. 5[503]
[200.]Shoemaker’s Workshop. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., XI. 28, 1[505]
[201.]Smithy. Idem. Plate 28, 2[507]
[202.]Brass Foundry. Vase-painting. (See 196.) Plate V. 4[508]
[203.]Vase Factory. From Ann. d’Inst. 1876. Plates D, E[509]
[204.]Cook(?). Terra-cotta from Tanagra. From Arch. Ztg. for 1874. Plate 14[511]
[205.]Trade in silphium. Vase-painting from Mon. d’Inst., I. 47[515]
[206.]Slave. Terra-cotta from Bull. de cor. hellén.[528]