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The trees beside the hill in [Fig. 7] show the latter to be very high. In [Fig. 8] the hill becomes low because of the relation of its altitude to the height of the trees in the foreground.
The delineation of more or less detail also helps to determine altitudes; as, to draw grasses, boulders or out-cropping rocks on the hill side, would show that we were near enough to the hill or knoll to see them in detail. Hills in the far distance would be represented without much detail, for they are too far away naturally for us to observe it.
To represent land sloping towards us as in [Figs. 7, 9], and [10], the foreground must be broken up, that is, represented in more or less of structure detail. [Fig. 9] shows low hills at the foot of the mountain range sloping toward the level land in the immediate foreground. [Fig. 10] a steep alluvial fan indicating the nature and character of its structure by the direction and quality of line used. The crumbling sandstone rock, showing the effects of weathering, is indicated by short nearly vertical strokes, with the thought of stratification also in mind. The flowing sand is represented by vertical and oblique lines drawn in the direction in which sand would naturally flow. We have here three examples of land sloping towards us. One represented by nearly horizontal lines, the others by vertical or oblique lines. Grasses grow many blades from one root. Their tendency may be vertical but many influences combine to turn them from that direction. Use an edge of the chalk with an upward or downward motion. Knolls of any contour may be represented by drawing grasses in the direction of the slopes as in [Fig. 8].
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