Botany: General
- Acaulescent
- Acerose
- Acinus
- Acorn
- Alburnum
- Angulate
- Ascus
- Autogamy
- Auxanometer
- Axile, or Axial
- Bacteriology
- Botany
- Boll
- Bur, or Burr
- Caducous
- Caespitose
- Cane
- Capsule
- Cataphyll
- Chlorosis
- Colleter
- Corn
- Cystolith
- Deciduous
- Fairy Ring
- Flower
- Fruit
- Galls
- Glaucous
- Graft
- Herb
- Herbarium
- Humus
- Idioblast
- Leaf
- Marcescent
- Meristem
- Nut
- Palaeobotany
- Pin-eyed
- Pistil
- Plants
- Pollination
- Root
- Ruderal
- Sap
- Sarcocarp
- Sarmentose
- Scion
- Secund
- Seed
- Stem
- Synanthy
- Thorn
- Thrum-eyed
- Tree
- Vegetable
- Witch brooms
Botany: Systematic
- Acotyledones
- Acrogenae
- Algae
- Alismaceae
- Amentiferae, or Amentaceae
- Angiosperms
- Aroideae (Arum family)
- Boraginaceae
- Bromeliaceae
- Bryophyta
- Caprifoliaceae
- Caryophyllaceae
- Compositae
- Convolvulaceae
- Crassulaceae
- Cruciferae
- Cucurbitaceae
- Cupuliferae
- Cyperaceae
- Diatomaceae
- Dicotyledons
- Dictyogens
- Ericaceae
- Euphorbiaceae
- Fungi
- Gentianaceae
- Geraniaceae
- Grasses
- Gymnosperms
- Hydrocharideae
- Insectivorous Plants
- Iridaceae
- Juncaceae
- Labiatae
- Leguminosae
- Lichens
- Liliaceae
- Malvaceae
- Moraceae
- Onagraceae
- Polygonaceae
- Primulaceae
- Pteridophyta
- Ranunculaceae
- Rosaceae
- Rubiaceae
- Saxifragaceae
- Scrophulariaceae
- Solanaceae
- Umbelliferae
- Urticaceae
Botany: Natural History
- Aal
- Aaron’s Rod
- Abaca
- Abutilon
- Acacia
- Acanthus
- Achimenes
- Acorus Calamus
- Adonis
- African Lily
- Agave
- Agrimony
- Ailanthus
- Alder
- Aleurites
- Alexanders
- Algum, or Almug Tree
- Allamanda
- Alliaria officinalis
- Allium
- Almond
- Aloe
- Amadou
- Amanita
- Amaranth
- Amaryllis
- Ammoniacum, or Gum Ammoniac
- Ampelopsis
- Anatto
- Anemone
- Angelica
- Animé
- Anise
- Apple
- Apricot
- Araucaria
- Arbor Vitae
- Archil
- Aristolochia
- Arrowroot
- Artichoke
- Ash
- Asparagus
- Aspen
- Asphodel
- Aspidistra
- Aster
- Aubergine
- Aucuba
- Auricula
- Avocado Pear
- Azalea
- Bael Fruit
- Balm
- Bamboo
- Banana
- Baneberry
- Banksia
- Baobab
- Barberry
- Barley
- Bdellium
- Bean
- Beech
- Beet
- Begonia
- Benzoin, or Gum Benjamin
- Betel Nut
- Bilberry
- Birch
- Bird’s Eye
- Blackberry
- Bladder-wort
- Boletus
- Borage
- Botrytis
- Bottle-brush Plants
- Bouvardia
- Boxwood
- Bracket-fungi
- Brazil Nuts
- Brazil Wood
- Bread-fruit
- Brooklime
- Broom
- Broom-rape
- Buchu, or Buka Leaves
- Buck-bean, or Bog-Bean
- Buckthorn
- Buckwheat
- Bulrush
- Burnet
- Buttercup
- Butter-nut
- Butterwort
- Cabbage
- Cactus
- Calabash
- Calabash Tree
- Calceolaria
- Camellia
- Campanula
- Candytuft
- Cannon-ball Tree
- Capers
- Caraway
- Cardamom
- Cardoon
- Carnation
- Carrot
- Cashew Nut
- Cassava
- Cassia
- Casuarina
- Catalpa
- Catha
- Cayenne Pepper
- Ceanothus
- Cecropia
- Cedar
- Celandine
- Celery
- Centaurea
- Centaury
- Chantarelle
- Chenopodium
- Cherry
- Chestnut
- Chicory
- Chive
- Chrysanthemum
- Cicely
- Cimicifuga
- Cinchona
- Cineraria
- Cinnamon
- Citron
- Cleavers
- Clematis
- Climbing Fern
- Cloudberry
- Clover
- Cloves
- Coca, or Cuca
- Cocculus Indicus
- Cock’s-comb
- Cocoa
- Coco de Mer
- Coco-nut Palm
- Codiaeum
- Coffee
- Colchicum
- Coleus
- Colocynth
- Colt’s-foot
- Columbine
- Compass Plant
- Cotton
- Copaiba, or Copaiva
- Copal
- Coriander
- Cork
- Corn-salad
- Correa
- Cotoneaster
- Cow-tree
- Cranberry
- Cress
- Crinum
- Crocus
- Crowberry
- Cryptomeria
- Cucumber
- Cumin, or Cummin
- Currant
- Custard Apple
- Cyclamen
- Cypress
- Daffodil
- Dahlia
- Daisy
- Dame’s Violet
- Dammar, or Dammer
- Dandelion
- Daphne
- Darlingtonia
- Date Palm
- Dewberry
- Dividivi
- Dock
- Dodder
- Dogwood
- Dracaena
- Dragon’s Blood
- Dropwort
- Duckweed
- Dulse
- Duramen
- Durian
- Durra
- Earth-nut
- Earth-star
- Ebony
- Edelweiss
- Eglantine
- Elder
- Elecampane
- Elephant’s Foot
- Elm
- Endive
- Entada
- Esparto, or Spanish Grass
- Eucharis
- Euonymus
- Euphorbia
- Evergreen
- Everlasting, or Immortelle
- Fennel
- Fenugreek
- Fern
- Fig
- Filmy Ferns
- Finger-and-toe
- Fir
- Flax
- Fool’s Parsley
- Forget-me-not
- Foxglove
- Freesia
- Fritillary
- Frog-bit
- Fuchsia
- Fumitory
- Funkia
- Furze, Gorse, or Whin
- Fustic
- Gale
- Gardenia
- Garlic
- Genista
- Gentian
- Geranium
- Geum
- Gillyflower
- Ginger
- Gladiolus
- Glasswort
- Gloriosa
- Gloxinia
- Golden Rod
- Gooseberry
- Gourd
- Grains of Paradise
- Gram, or Chick-pea
- Granadilla
- Grass of Parnassus
- Greenheart
- Ground Nut
- Groundsel
- Guava
- Guelder Rose
- Gulfweed
- Gum
- Gumbo, or Okra
- Gutta Percha
- Hackberry
- Harebell
- Hawthorn
- Hazel
- Heath
- Heliotrope, or Turnsole
- Hellebore
- Hemlock
- Hemp
- Henbane
- Henna
- Hickory
- Hippeastrum
- Holly
- Hollyhock
- Honey Locust
- Honeysuckle
- Hop
- Horehound
- Hornbeam
- Horseradish
- Horsetail
- Houseleek
- Huckleberry
- Huon Pine
- Hyacinth
- Hydrangea
- Hyssop
- Iceland Moss
- Ice-plant
- Impatiens
- Iris
- Irish Moss, or Carrageen
- Iron-wood
- Ivy
- Jarrah Wood
- Jasmine, or Jessamine
- Jew’s Ears
- Job’s Tears
- Judas Tree
- Jujube
- Juniper
- Jute
- Kaffir Bread
- Kauri Pine
- Kerguelen’s Land Cabbage
- Kumquat
- Labrador Tea
- Laburnum
- Lac
- Lace-bark Tree
- Lancewood
- Larch
- Larkspur
- Lattice Leaf Plant
- Laurel
- Laurustinus
- Lavender
- Leek
- Lemon
- Lentil
- Lettuce
- Lilac, or Pipe Tree
- Lily
- Lime, or Linden
- Liquidambar, or Sweet Gum
- Litchi, or Lee-Chee
- Lobelia
- Loco-weeds, or Crazy Weeds
- Locust-tree
- Loosestrife
- Loquat
- Lotus
- Lucerne
- Lupine
- Lycopodium
- Madder, or Dyer’s Madder
- Magnolia
- Mahogany
- Maidenhair
- Maize, or Indian Corn
- Mallow
- Mammee Apple
- Mandrake
- Mangel-Wurzel
- Mango
- Mangosteen
- Mangrove
- Manila Hemp
- Manna
- Maple
- Mare’s-tail
- Marguerite
- Marigold
- Marjoram
- Mastic, or Mastich
- Maté, or Paraguay Tea
- Medlar
- Melon
- Mesquite, or Honey Locust
- Mignonette
- Mildew
- Milkwort
- Millet
- Mimosa
- Mimulus
- Mint
- Mistletoe
- Moly
- Momordica
- Moonseed
- Moonwort, or Moonfern
- Moreton Bay Chestnut
- Mucuna
- Mulberry
- Mushroom
- Mustard
- Myrobalans
- Myrrh
- Myrtle
- Narcissus
- Nasturtium
- Nettle
- Nettle Tree
- Nightshade
- Nutmeg
- Oak
- Oat
- Oleander
- Oleaster
- Olive
- Onion
- Orach, or Mountain Spinach
- Orange
- Orchids
- Orris-Root
- Osier
- Oxalis
- Paeony
- Palm
- Palmetto
- Pansy, or Heartsease
- Papyrus
- Parsley
- Parsnip
- Passionflower
- Pea
- Peach
- Pear
- Pellitory
- Pennyroyal
- Pentstemon
- Pepper
- Peppermint
- Pepper Tree
- Persimmon
- Petunia
- Phlox
- Phormium, or New Zealand Flax
- Pimento
- Pine
- Pine-apple
- Pink
- Pistachio Nut
- Pitcher-plants
- Plane
- Plantain
- Plum
- Poinsettia
- Pokeberry, or Pokeweed
- Polyanthus
- Polypodium
- Pomegranate
- Pondweed
- Poplar
- Poppy
- Potato
- Potentilla
- Primrose
- Privet
- Puff-ball
- Pumpkin
- Purslane
- Pyrethrum
- Quince
- Radish
- Ramie
- Ramsons
- Ranunculus
- Rape
- Raspberry
- Reed
- Rhododendron
- Rice
- Richardia
- Robinia, or Locust-tree
- Rocambole
- Rose
- Rosemary
- Rosewood
- Rosin, or Colophony
- Royal Fern
- Rubber
- Rue
- Rush
- Rye
- Sabicu Wood
- Safflower
- Saffron
- Sago
- Sainfoin
- St. John’s Wort
- Salsafy, or Salsify
- Salvia
- Sapan Wood
- Sarracenia
- Satin Wood
- Saxifrage
- Scammony
- Scorzonera
- Screw-pine
- Sea-kale
- Seawrack
- Sedum
- Sequoia
- Service Tree
- Sesame
- Shaddock
- Shallot
- Sisal Hemp
- Skirret
- Snake-root
- Snapdragon
- Snowdrop
- Soap-bark
- Sorghum
- Sorrel
- Spanish Broom
- Spikenard, or Nard
- Spinach
- Spruce
- Stink-wood
- Strawberry
- Strophanthus
- Sudd
- Sumach
- Sundew
- Sunflower
- Sunn, or India Hemp
- Sweet Potato
- Sweet-sop
- Switch Plants
- Tallow Tree
- Tamarind
- Tamarisk
- Tea
- Teak
- Teasel
- Terebinth
- Thistle
- Thyme
- Tiger-flower
- Toadstool
- Tobacco
- Tomato
- Tonqua Bean
- Toothwort
- Traveller’s Tree
- Tree-fern
- Truffle
- Tuberose
- Tulip
- Tulip Tree
- Tumble-weed
- Turmeric
- Turnip
- Vanilla
- Vegetable Marrow
- Venus’s Fly-trap
- Venus’s Looking-glass
- Veratrum
- Verbena
- Vetch
- Vine
- Violet
- Walnut
- Water-lily
- Water-thyme
- Wax-tree
- Wheat
- Willow
- Willow-herb
- Wintergreen
- Winter’s-bark
- Witch-hazel
- Woad
- Wormwood
- Yam
- Yew
- Yucca
- Zinnia
CHAPTER LIX
ZOOLOGY
At the very outset of his zoological studies the reader will find that the doctors still differ as to the best and most scientifically logical system to be employed in classification. So important is it that the connotation and denotation of every zoological designation should be definite, that Sir Edwin Ray Lankester devotes the title article Zoology (Vol. 28, p. 1022) mainly to a discussion of systems of classification, and besides there is a separate article Zoological Nomenclature (Vol. 28, p. 1021) by P. Chalmers Mitchell, Secretary of the Zoological Society of London, university demonstrator in comparative anatomy and assistant to the Linacre Professor at Oxford, and adviser to the editor in the organization of the whole subject of zoology in the Britannica.
The Britannica articles may be classified in three divisions: dealing with (i) General Principles, (ii) Systematic, (iii) Natural History.
General Principles