English Law, History, by the late Frederick W. Maitland, Downing professor of English law at Cambridge.
Anglo-Saxon Law, by Paul Vinogradoff.
Germanic Laws, Early, by Professor Christian Pfister, of the Sorbonne.
Code Napoléon, by Jean Paul Esmein, professor of law in the University of Paris, and Roman Law, probably one of the most remarkable articles in the new edition and of the utmost importance (as in a less degree are the articles Code and Code Napoléon) to the student of civil law. It is based on the well-known article contributed to the Ninth Edition of the Britannica by James Muirhead, professor of civil law, Edinburgh; but the article is actually the work of the reviser, Henry Goudy, regius professor of civil law, Oxford, and it may well be called the best present treatment of the subject. The article is a brief text-book in itself, containing matter equivalent in length to nearly 200 pages of this Guide. The treatment is historical, beginning with the almost mythical regal period and throwing light on the laws before the XII Tables, but this does not mean that the later period, legally more important, is not treated with proper fullness so that the practical as well as the theoretical is considered.
Some Legal Systems
Slightly remoter systems are the subjects of separate articles: Salic Law, by Professor Pfister of the Sorbonne; Brehon Laws, by Lawrence Ginnell, M. P., author of a monograph on the subject; Welsh Laws; an elaborate article on the little-known subject Greek Law, by John Edwin Sandys of Cambridge, author of History of Classical Scholarship; Indian Law, by Sir William Markby, reader in Indian Law at Oxford, formerly judge of the High Court of Calcutta; Mahommedan Law (a subject no longer alien to the American because of the large number of Mahommedans in the Philippines), by D. B. Macdonald, professor in Hartford Theological Seminary, and author of Development of Muslim Theology; and Babylonian Law (by C. H. W. Johns, Master of St. Catharine’s, Cambridge, author of The Oldest Code of Laws, etc.), containing a summary of the famous code of King Khammurabi.
The following list does not include the biographies of lawyers and is not a complete list of all topics pertaining to law in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, but it will give some idea of the scope of the legal department of the work.
- Abandonment
- Abatement
- Abdication
- Abduction
- Abettor
- Abeyance
- Abjuration
- Abode
- Abrogation
- Abscond
- Abstract of Title
- Acceptance
- Acceptilation
- Access
- Accession
- Accessory
- Accommodation Bill
- Accomplice
- Accord
- Accountant-General
- Accretion
- Accumulation
- Accusation
- Acknowledgment
- Act
- Action
- Act of Parliament
- Act of Petition
- Address, The
- Ademption
- Adjournment
- Adjudication
- Adjustment
- Administration
- Administrator
- Admiralty, High Court
- Admiralty Jurisdiction
- Admission
- Adoption
- Adscript
- Adultery
- Advancement
- Adventure
- Advocate
- Advocates, Faculty of
- Advowson
- Affidavit
- Affiliation
- Affinity
- Affray
- Affreightment
- Age
- Agent
- Agistment
- Agnates
- Alabama Arbitration
- Alderman
- Alias
- Alibi
- Alien
- Alienation
- Aliment
- Alimony
- Allegiance
- Alliance
- Allocatur
- Allodium
- Allonge
- Allotment
- Allowance
- Alluvion
- Ambiguity
- Amendment
- Amercement
- American Law
- Amicus Curiae
- Amnesty
- Amortization
- Analyst
- Ancient Lights
- Angary
- Anglo-Saxon Law
- Annates
- Annexation
- Annoy
- Answer
- Apology
- Appanage
- Apparitor
- Appeal
- Appearance
- Appointment, Power of
- Apportionment
- Apportionment Bill
- Appraiser
- Appropriation
- Appurtenances
- Aram, Eugene
- Arbitration
- Arbitration, International
- Arches, Court of
- Aristocracy
- Arraignment
- Array
- Arrest
- Arrestment
- Arrondissment
- Arson
- Art and Part
- Articles of Association
- Assault
- Assembly, Unlawful
- Assessment
- Assessor
- Assets
- Assignment, Assignation, Assignee
- Assize
- Associate
- Assumpsit
- Asylum, Right of
- Attachment
- Attainder
- Attaint, Writ of
- Attempt
- Attestation
- Attorney
- Attorney-General
- Attornment
- Auctions
- Audience
- Autocracy
- Autonomy
- Average
- Avizandum
- Award
- Babylonian Law
- Back-bond
- Bail
- Bailiff and Bailie
- Bailment
- Ballot
- Bank Holidays
- Bankruptcy
- Banns of Marriage
- Bar, The
- Bargain and Sale
- Barmote Court
- Barratry
- Barrington, George
- Base fee
- Basilica
- Basoche
- Bastard
- Bastinado
- Baylo
- Beadle
- Beheading
- Belligerency
- Bench
- Benefice
- Beneficiary
- Bequest
- Bering Sea Arbitration
- Bet and Betting
- Betterment
- Bigamy
- Bill
- Bill of Exchange
- Bill of Sale
- Birth
- Blackmail
- Black Rod
- Blanch Fee, or Blanch Holding
- Blasphemy
- Blinding
- Blockade
- Blue-book
- Boarding-house
- Bocland
- Body-snatching
- Boiling to Death
- Bona Fide
- Bond
- Boot
- Borough
- Borough English
- Bottomry
- Bound, or Boundary
- Brachylogus
- Branding
- Branks
- Brawling
- Breach
- Brehon Laws
- Breviary of Alaric
- Bribery
- Brief
- Britton
- Burgage
- Burgess
- Burglary
- Burial and Burial Acts
- Burke, William
- Burning to Death
- By-law
- Cabinet
- Cadastre
- Camera
- Cangue
- Canon Law
- Canton
- Capital Punishment
- Capitulary
- Capitulation
- Caption
- Captive
- Capture
- Cargo
- Carrier
- Case
- Casus Belli
- Caucus
- Caveat
- Cemetery
- Cessio Bonorum
- Cestui, Cestuy
- Challenge
- Chamberlain
- Chambers
- Champerty, or Champarty
- Chance-medley
- Chancery
- Chantage
- Chargé d’affaires
- Charging Order
- Charter
- Chartered Companies
- Charter-Party
- Chattel
- Cheating
- Children, Law relating to
- Children’s Courts
- Chiltern Hundreds
- Chose
- Church Rate
- Churchwarden
- Churchyard
- Cinque Ports
- Circuit
- Citation
- Citizen
- City
- Civil Law
- Civil List
- Civil Service
- Clergy, Benefit of
- Clerk
- Closure
- Code
- Code Napoléon
- Codicil
- Coercion
- Cognizance
- Coif
- Coinage Offences
- Collateral
- Collusion
- Colony
- Comity
- Commercial Court
- Commercial Law
- Commission
- Commissioner
- Commitment
- Common Law
- Common Lodging-House
- Common Pleas, Court of
- Commons
- Commonwealth
- Company
- Compensation
- Compromise
- Comptroller
- Compurgation
- Conacre
- Concert
- Conditional Fee
- Conditional Limitation
- Confarreatio
- Confession and Avoidance
- Confiscation
- Congé d’Elire
- Congress
- Conjugal Rights
- Conquest
- Consanguinity, or Kindred
- Conseil de famille
- Conservator
- Consideration
- Consignment
- Consistory Courts
- Consolidation Acts
- Consort
- Conspiracy
- Constable
- Constituency
- Constitution and Constitutional Law
- Consul
- Consulate of the Sea
- Contempt of Court
- Contraband
- Contract
- Contumacy
- Conversion
- Conveyancing
- Convoy
- Coparcenary
- Copyhold
- Copyright
- Co-respondent
- Coroner
- Corporal Punishment
- Corporation
- Corpse
- Corrupt Practices
- Costs
- Counsel and Counsellor
- Counterfeiting
- County
- County Court
- Court
- Court Baron
- Court Leet
- Court-martial
- Covenant
- Coverture
- Covin
- Credentials
- Crime
- Criminal Law
- Criminology
- Crimp
- Crown Debt
- Crown Land
- Cruelty
- Culprit
- Curator
- Curtesy
- Curtilage
- Custom
- Customary Freehold
- Custos Rotulorum
- Cy-près
- Damages
- Day
- Death
- Debentures
- Debt
- Declaration
- Declaration of Paris
- Declarator
- Decree
- De Donis Conditionalibus
- Deed
- Defamation
- Default
- Defeasance
- Defence
- Defendant
- Del Credere
- Demesne
- Demise
- Democracy
- Demurrage
- Demurrer
- Denizen
- Deodand
- Department
- Deportation or Transportation
- Deposit
- Deputy
- Derelict
- Desertion
- Detainer
- Detinue
- Digest
- Dilapidation
- Diligence
- Diplomacy
- Directors
- Disability
- Discharge
- Disclaimer
- Discovery
- Disorderly House
- Dissolution
- Distress
- District
- Divorce
- Doctors’ Commons
- Document
- Domestic Relations
- Domicile
- Donatio Mortis Causa
- Dower
- Dowry
- Dragoman
- Drawing and Quartering
- Droit
- Duke of Exeter’s Daughter
- Durbar
- Duress
- Earl Marshal
- Earnest
- Easement
- Eavesdrip
- Ecclesiastical Commissioners
- Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction
- Ecclesiastical Law
- Edict
- Ejectment
- Election
- Elections
- Electrocution
- Elegit
- Embargo
- Embassy
- Embezzlement
- Emblements
- Embracery
- Eminent Domain
- Emperor
- Enclave
- English Law
- Englishry
- Entail
- Envoy
- Equity
- Error
- Escheat
- Estate
- Estate and House Agents
- Estate Duty
- Estoppel
- Estovers
- Estreat
- Evidence
- Execution
- Executors and Administrators
- Exequatur
- Exhumation
- Exile
- Expatriation
- Expert
- Express
- Expropriation
- Expulsion
- Extenuating Circumstances
- Exterritoriality
- Extortion
- Extradition
- Factor
- Faculty
- False Pretences
- Faubourg
- Federal Government
- Fee
- Felo De Se
- Felony
- Feoffment
- Ferry
- Fetters and Handcuffs
- Feu
- Fictions
- Fiduciary
- Fieri Facias
- Fine
- Finger Prints
- Fishery, Law of
- Fixtures
- Fiat
- Fleet Prison
- Fleta
- Flotsam, Jetsam and Ligan
- Foreclosure
- Foreign Office
- Foreshore
- Forest Laws
- Forfeiture
- Forgery
- Franchise
- Frank-almoign
- Frank-marriage
- Fraud
- Freebench
- Freehold
- Freeman
- Freight
- Fuero
- Gallows, or Gibbet
- Game Laws
- Gaming and Wagering
- Garnish
- Garrote
- Gavelkind
- Geneva Convention
- Germanic Laws, Early
- Gift
- Glebe
- Goodwill
- Government
- Grant
- Gravamen
- Greek Law
- Gross
- Ground Rent
- Guarantee
- Guardian
- Guerrilla
- Guillotine
- Habeas Corpus
- Hanging
- Hanaper
- Handwriting
- Haro, Clameur de
- Hegemony
- Heir
- Heirloom
- Hereditament
- Heriot
- Heritable Jurisdictions
- High Seas
- Highway
- Hinterland
- Hire-Purchase Agreement
- Hiring
- Holiday
- Homage
- Home Office
- Homicide
- Horning, Letters of
- Hotch-pot
- Household, Royal
- Hue and Cry
- Hundred
- Husband and Wife
- Hypothec
- Identification
- Ignoramus
- Ignorance
- Immunity
- Impeachment
- Impotence
- Impressment
- Incendiarism
- Incest
- Inclosure
- Incorporation
- Indemnity
- Indenture
- Indian Law
- Indictment
- Indorsement
- Inebriety, Law of
- Infamy
- Infant
- Infanticide
- In Forma Pauperis
- Information
- Informer
- Inheritance
- Inhibition
- Initials
- Injunction
- Inn and Innkeeper
- Inns of Court
- Innuendo
- Inquest
- Insanity
- Instalment
- Instrument
- Intent
- Interdiction
- Interesse Termini
- Interest
- International Law
- Interpellation
- Interpleader
- Interpretation
- Interstate Commerce
- Intestacy
- Intransigent
- Inventory
- I. O. U.
- Jactitation
- Joinder
- Joint
- Jointure
- Jougs, Juggs, or Joggs
- Judge
- Judge-Advocate-General
- Judgment
- Judgment Debtor
- Judgment Summons
- Judicature Acts
- Jurat
- Jurisdiction
- Jurisprudence
- Jurisprudence, Comparative
- Jury
- Jus primae noctis
- Jus Relictae
- Justice
- Justice of the Peace
- Justiciary, High Court
- Justification
- Juvenile Offenders
- Ketch, John
- Kidnapping
- King’s Bench, Court of
- Knight-Service
- Knout
- Kurbash
- Laches
- Lading, Bill of
- Landlord and Tenant
- Land Registration
- Lapse
- Larceny
- Law
- Law Merchant
- Lease
- Legacy
- Legation
- Legitim
- Legitimacy and Legitimation
- Lesion
- Letters Patent
- Libel and Slander
- Liberty
- Licence
- Lien
- Limitation, Statutes of
- Liquidation
- Liquor Laws
- Local Government
- Local Government Board
- Lodger and Lodgings
- Lord Advocate
- Lord Chamberlain
- Lord Chief Justice
- Lord Great Chamberlain
- Lord High Chancellor
- Lord High Constable
- Lord High Steward
- Lord High Treasurer
- Lord Justice Clerk
- Lord Justice-General
- Lord Keeper of the Great Seal
- Lord President of the Council
- Lords Justices of Appeal
- Lords of Appeal
- Lord Steward
- Lost Property
- Lotteries
- Lynch Law
- Magistrate
- Mahommedan Law
- Maiden
- Maiming
- Maintenance
- Majority
- Mandamus, Writ of
- Mandarin
- Mandate
- Manifest
- Manor
- Mansion
- Manslaughter
- Man-traps
- Mare Clausum and Mare Liberum
- Maritime Territory
- Marriage
- Marshalsea
- Martial Law
- Master and Servant
- Master of the Horse
- Master of the Rolls
- Maxims, Legal
- Mayhem
- Mayor
- Mediation
- Medical Jurisprudence
- Meeting
- Memorandum of Association
- Merger
- Mesne
- Messuage
- Military Law
- Ministry
- Miscarriage
- Misdemeanour
- Misprision
- Mistake
- Monarchy
- Monition
- Mortgage
- Mortmain
- Motion
- Multiplepoinding
- Municipality
- Muniment
- Murder
- Mutiny
- Nationality
- Naturalization
- Navigation Laws
- Negligence
- Negotiable Instrument
- Neutrality
- Next Friend
- Nisi Prius
- Noise
- Nolle Prosequi
- Nonconformity, Law relating to
- Nonfeasance, Misfeasance, Malfeasance
- Nonsuit
- North Sea Fisheries Convention
- Notary or Notary Public
- Notice
- Novation
- Nuisance
- Nullification
- Oath
- Obiter Dictum
- Obligation
- Obscenity
- Office
- Oligarchy
- Ordeal
- Order in Council
- Ordinance
- Ordinary
- Original Package
- Ouster
- Outlawry
- Overt Act
- Oyer and Terminer
- Pacific Blockade
- Pandects
- Paraphernalia
- Pardon
- Parish
- Parlement
- Parliament
- Parricide
- Parson
- Partition
- Partnership
- Party Wall
- Passport
- Patents
- Patents of Precedence
- Patron and Client
- Paymaster-General
- Payment
- Payment of Members
- Peace
- Peace, Breach of
- Peace Conferences
- Peine forte et dure
- Peerage
- Penalty
- Penology
- Pension
- Perjury
- Perpetuity
- Person, Offences against the
- Personal Property
- Personation
- Petition
- Picketing
- Pillory
- Pirate and Piracy
- Plaintiff
- Pleading
- Plebiscite
- Pledge
- Plurality
- Plutocracy
- Police
- Police Courts
- Posse Comitatus
- Possession
- Post & Postal Service
- Potwalloper
- Power of Attorney
- Praemunire
- Preamble
- Prerogative
- Prerogative Courts
- Prescription
- Press Laws
- Prime Minister
- Primogeniture
- Principal and Agent
- Prison
- Privateer
- Privilege
- Privy Council
- Privy Purse
- Privy Seal
- Prize or Prize of War
- Probate
- Probation
- Procedure
- Process
- Procès-verbal
- Proclamation
- Proctor
- Procuration
- Procurator
- Profanity
- Prohibition
- Promoter
- Property
- Prorogation
- Prosecution
- Prospectus
- Protectorate
- Provisional Order
- Provost
- Proxy
- Public House
- Puisne
- Purchase
- Quantum Meruit
- Quarantine
- Quare Impedit
- Quarter Sessions
- Queen Anne’s Bounty
- Quorum
- Quo Warranto
- Rack
- Ragman Rolls
- Raid
- Rape
- Rate
- Real Property
- Rebellion
- Receipt
- Receiver
- Recess
- Recidivism
- Recognizance
- Record
- Recorder
- Reeve
- Referee
- Referendum and Initiative
- Refresher
- Regent
- Register
- Registration
- Release
- Remainder, Reversion
- Remand
- Remembrancer
- Rent
- Repairs
- Repeal
- Replevin
- Representation
- Reprieve
- Reprisals
- Request, Letters of
- Requests, Court of
- Rescue
- Reservation
- Residence
- Resident
- Residue
- Respite
- Respondent
- Restraint
- Retainer
- Reward
- Ridings
- Riot
- Robbery
- Roman Law
- Rundale
- Sacrilege
- Salary
- Sale of Goods
- Salic Law and other Frankish Laws
- Salvage
- Sanction
- Satisfaction
- Scandal
- Scavenger’s Daughter
- Schedule
- Scire Facias
- Scot and Lot
- Scrip
- Scrutiny
- Sea Laws
- Seamen, Laws relating to
- Search or Visit and Search
- Secession
- Secret
- Secretary of State
- Security
- Sederunt, Act of
- Sedition
- Seduction
- Seignory or Seigniory
- Seisin
- Senate
- Sentence
- Sequestration
- Sergeant-at-Law
- Serjeanty
- Servitude
- Session
- Set-off
- Settlement
- Sexton
- Share
- Shelley’s Case, Rule in
- Sheppard, John (Jack)
- Sheriff
- Shire
- Sign Manual, Royal
- Simony
- Slander
- Socage
- Soke
- Solicitor
- Solicitor-General
- Sovereignty
- Speaker
- Specification
- Specific Performance
- Spheres of Influence
- Spring-gun
- Spy
- State
- State, Great Officers of
- State Rights
- State Trials
- Statute
- Stipend
- Stocks
- Stocks and Shares
- Stolen Goods
- Subinfeudation
- Succession
- Succession Duty
- Suffrage
- Summary Jurisdiction
- Summons
- Sunday
- Superannuation
- Supercargo
- Supply
- Supreme Court of Judicature
- Surety
- Surrender
- Surrogate
- Suzerainty
- Swearing
- Syndic
- Syndicate
- Taille
- Tally
- Tanistry
- Tenant
- Tenant-right
- Tenement
- Tenure
- Term
- Theatre
- Theft
- Thegn
- Threat
- Tichborne Claimant
- Ticket-of-leave
- Time
- Tipstaff
- Tithes
- Tithing
- Toleration
- Toll
- Tort
- Torture
- Town
- Trade, Board of
- Transfer
- Tread-mill
- Treason
- Treasure Trove
- Treasury
- Treaties
- Trespass
- Trial
- Tribute
- Trover
- Truck
- Trust and Trustees
- Turpin, Richard
- Twelve Tables
- Udal
- Ukaz or Ukase
- Ultimatum
- Underwriter
- University Courts
- Uses
- Valuation and Valuers
- Venue
- Verdict
- Vestry
- Veto
- Vicar
- Vice-Chancellor
- Viceroy
- Vidocq, F. E.
- Vigilance Committee
- Vizier
- Vote and Voting
- Voucher
- Wager
- Wainewright, T. G.
- War, Laws of
- Warden
- Warrant
- Warrant of Attorney
- Warranty
- Warren
- Waste
- Water Rights
- Waters, Territorial
- Welsh Laws
- Wergild
- Westminster Statutes
- Wheel, Breaking on the
- Whig and Tory
- Whip
- Whipping or Flogging
- Wild, Jonathan
- Will or Testament
- Witness
- Woolsack
- Works and Public Buildings, Board of
- Wreck
- Writ
- Writers to the Signet
CHAPTER XXVII
FOR BANKERS AND FINANCIERS
Social History