What becomes of the descending sap?

Does the upward movement of the sap and the downward movement of the changed sap take place at the same time?

Do the leaves drop because the sap descends or does the sap descend because the leaves drop off?

Assignment for Lesson 23—

Essentials, Sections 115, 116, 117. Instructor explain mounted specimens illustrating shrinkage.

Demonstration—

None.

Work—

Continue Group VII.

Pupils, finishing projects in Group VII now, may get out stock and begin squaring it up for Group VIII.