[577] Cf. H. Schurtz, “Age Classes and Associations of Men” (Berlin, 1904); B. Friedländer, “Physiological Friendship as a Normal Fundamental Impulse of Humanity and as the Foundation of Social Intercourse,” in the Annual for Sexual Intermediate Stages, 1900, vol. vi., pp. 179, 214; and the same author’s “Renascence of Eros Uranios,” pp. 163-211 (Berlin, 1904).
[578] O. Kiefer, “Plato’s Attitude towards Homosexuality,” Annual for Sexual Intermediate Stages, 1905, vol. vii., pp. 107-126. Cf. also “Lyrical and Bucolic Poetry,” op. cit., 1906, viii., pp. 619-684.
[579] This connexion was recognized, although in the inverse direction, by Heinrich Laube. In a passage of “Junge Europa” (vol. i., p. 72 of the new edition; Vienna, 1876) we read: “Constantia is the most beautiful woman I have ever seen. Outline, muscles, figure, eyes, speech, mind, feeling—everything in her is beautiful; she is the ideal of a man found in the feminine form. I love this power in woman above everything; the soft, the non-resisting, does not offer me enough opposition. Perhaps such women as these form the transition to the Hellenic love of boys.”
[580] Cf., in this connexion, also P. Näcke, “Homosexuality in the Orient,” published in the Archives for Criminal Anthropology, 1904, vol. xvi., pp. 333 et seq.
[581] Goethe confirms this in a conversation with Chancellor von Müller, in which he deduces the “aberration” of Greek love from this, “that, according to his own æsthetic judgment, man has always been more beautiful, more perfect, more complete, than woman. Such a feeling, when it has once originated, easily passes over into the animal and the grossly material.” Cf. Annual for Sexual Intermediate Stages, 1905, vol. vii., p. 127.
[582] Especially instructive is his correspondence with Christian Otto (cf. “Jean Paul’s Correspondence with his Wife and with Christian Otto,” edited by Paul Nerrlich; Berlin, 1902). For example, he writes once to this friend: “Ah, my friend, if I could only once more clasp your form to my breast.” Cf. also the interesting remarks on the peculiarly intimate masculine friendship of this period given in the last (eighth) volume of the “German History” of Karl Lamprecht (Freiburg, 1906).
[583] F. G. Welcker, “The Odes of Sappho,” published in the Rheinisches Museum für Philologie, 1856, vol. xi., p. 237.
[584] I reproduce this passage in the eighth volume of The Annual for Sexual Intermediate Stages, pp. 609, 610.
[585] L. Blumreich, “Diseases of Women, including Sterility,” being chapter xx. of Senator and Kaminer’s “Health and Disease in Relation to Marriage and the Married State,” published by Rebman Limited (London, 1906).
[586] Franz Neugebauer, “Seventeen Cases of the Coincidence of Mental Anomalies with Pseudo-Hermaphroditism, selected from a Collection of Seven Hundred and Thirteen Observations of Pseudo-Hermaphroditism,” published in The Annual for Sexual Intermediate Stages, 1902, vol. ii., pp. 224-253; same author, “Interesting Observations in the Department of Pseudo-Hermaphroditism,” op. cit., 1902, vol. iv., pp. 1-176; same author, “Surgical Surprises in the Domain of Pseudo-Hermaphroditism, containing One Hundred and Thirty-four Observations of Cases, with Fifty-four Instances of Erroneous Determination of Sex, in most Cases proved by the Scalpel,” op. cit., 1903, vol. v., pp. 205-424; same author, “One Hundred and Three Observations of more or less marked Development of a Uterus in the Male (pseudohermaphroditismus masculinus internus), in addition to a Compilation of Observations of Regular Periodic Bleeding from the Genital Organs, Menstruation, Vicarious Menstruation, Pseudo-Menstruation, Molimina Menstrualia, etc., in Pseudo-Hermaphrodites,” op. cit., 1904, vol. vi., pp. 215-326; same author, “Compend of the Literature of Hermaphroditism in Human Beings,” op. cit., 1905, vol. vii., pp. 471-670, and 1906, vol. viii., pp. 685-700.