[28] Smith, Wealth of Nations, vol. i., chap. x., part 2.
[29] Defoe, Tour, vol. iii. p. 84.
[30] Scrivener, History of the Iron Trade.
[31] Defoe, Tour, vol. ii. p. 323.
[32] Schulze-Gaevernitz, Der Grossbetrieb, p. 52.
[33] Cf. Marshall, Principles, p. 328. In the case of Staffordshire, however, there existed an early trade in wooden platters dependent on quality of timber and traditional skill. When the arts of pottery came in, the new trade taken up in the same locality ousted the old, though there was no particular local advantage in materials.
[34] Smith, Wealth of Nations, Book III., chap. iii.
[35] Westmoreland coal did not compete in the Newcastle market,—Wealth of Nations, Book I., chap. xi. p. 2.
[36] Adam Smith, writing later in the century, observes with some exaggeration, "A merchant, it has been said very properly, is not necessarily the citizen of a particular country. It is in a great measure indifferent to him from what place he carries on his trade, and a very trifling disgust will make him remove his capital, and together with it all the industry which it supports, from one country to another."—Book III., chap. iv.
[37] Defoe, vol. ii. p. 37.