From Berlin to Bagdad and Babylon - J. A. Zahm

“Oak of Weeping,” [298]
Obbanes, [281]
Œcumenical councils, [102]
Œcumenical Patriarchs, [330]
Olympus, [90]
Omar Khayyám, [417]
Opis, [400]
Oppert, head of French expedition to Mesopotamia, [482]
Orientalium Dignitas Ecclesiarum of Pope Leo XIII, [340]
Orkhan, second ruler of the Osmanlis, [95]
son of Osman, [107]
Orthodox churches, [320]
Osman, founder of the Osmanli dynasty, [107]
Osmanlis, characteristics of, [133]
great sin, one of omission rather than commission, [219]
plea for more tolerance to, [150]
Oshœne, kingdom of, [284]
Ottoman women, [49]

Pæstum, ruins of, [475]
Pagans, [304]
Palace of the Star, [49]
Paleologus, Theodore, [114]
Palgrave, on Mohammedanism, [241]
Palmyra, [217]
Pan-Islamism, a force which Christianity must reckon with, [243]
greater missionary force than ever, [244]
the strengthening of, [268]
Parthenon, [57]
Parthian Kings, [491]
Parthians, [297]
Passau, [7]
Patriarch of Alexandria, head of the Copts, [312]
Patriarchus Antiochenus Maronitarum, [314]
Paulinists, [305]
Paul-Simon, Father, [403]
Perez, Father, [403]
Pergamus, kingdom of, [185]
Peripatetics, [201]
Persepolis, [356]
Persian Gulf, [466]
Persian Kings of the Achæmenian dynasty, [356]
Persian satraps, [310]
Persian shiites, [445]
Persians, school of the, [290]
Pescennius Niger, [194]
Peter the Great, [331]
“Peuteringian Table,” [298]
Peter the Venerable, Abbot of Cluny, [232], [252]
Petervarad, [20]
Phanar, the Vatican of the Orthodox church, [330]
Philetism, love of one’s race, [330]
Photius, [71], [323]
Phrygian language, [171]
Pietro della Valle, [263]
Pillars of Hercules, [325]
Pinches, T. F., [462]
Plague, in Bagdad, [431]
Platonists, [201]
“Plato the Divine,” [172]
Pliny the Younger, [94]
Polygamy, [125]
Pontus Axenus, [39]
Pool of Abraham, [291]
Porter, Robert Ker, [480]
Potsdam, meeting at, in 1910 of Czar and Kaiser, [164]
Poverello of Assisi, [142]
Pozsony, [18]
Præclara, [335]
Prayer, of the Moslems, [237]
Priam, city of, [88]
Primate of the Melchites, [313]
Princes Islands, [99]
Prophet Daniel, [375]
Prophet Jonas, mound of, [352]
Prophet Zephaniah, [345]
Psametik, King of Egypt, [171]
Pylæ Ciliciæ, or Cilician Gates, [188]
Pylæ-Tauri, gate of Taurus, [189]

“Queen of the East,” [194]

Rachel, [294]
Railway, construction of, across Mesopotamia, [152]
Rameses II, the greatest of the Pharaohs, [274]
Ramsay, Lady, [129]
Ramsay, Sir W. M., [129]
Raphael’s Madonna of San Sisto, [3]
Rashid ud Din, [413]
Rassam, Ormuzd, [351]
Ratisbon, city of, [3]
Rawlinson, Sir Henry, [361], [411]
Rebecca, [294]
Reign of Terror in France, [212]
Rhazes, Mussulman physician, [416]
Rhenus Superbus, [8]
Rhine, river, [11]
Richard Cœur de Lion, [10]
Rich, Claudius James, [349], [480]
Ricouard, Marie, [404]
Rio de Janiero, [66]
“Rite of Malabar,” [314]
Robinson, Reverend Paschal, [141]
Romans, road builders of antiquity, [254]
Roumania, [26]
Roxalana, the Muscovite, [109]
Royal Art Gallery of Dresden, [3]
“Royal Road,” [121], [253]
Rum Millet, [318]
Russia, attitude toward the Bagdad railway, [160]
campaigns in the Transcaucasia, [250]
waives all share in Bagdad railway, [164]
Russian Nihilist, Armenian revolutionists inspired by, [206]
Russians, [28]

Safia, the Venetian, [110]
St. Athanasius of Alexandria, [335]
St. Augustine, [228]
St. Basil’s liturgy, [340]
St. Bernard, [299]
St. Cyril, Patriarch of Alexandria, [315]
St. Dominic, Sons of, [341]
St. Ephrem, [290]
St. Francis, Sons of, [142]
St. George and the dragon, [24]
St. Gregory Mazienzen, [333]
St. Gregory the Illuminator, [310]
St. Jerome, [232], [299]
St. John of Chrysostom, [333]
St. John of Damascus, [231]
St. John of Jerusalem, Knights of, [217]
St. Mary of Kanobin, [314]
St. Paul, [171], [189]
life and career of, [202–205]
St. Peter of Alcantara, [406]
St. Prosper of Aquitaine, [216]
St. Simeon Stylites, [257]
St. Stephen, cathedral of, [12]
St. Thecla, [172]
St. Theodore of Studium, [339]
St. Theresa, [247]
St. Thomas, church of, in Malabar, [314]
St. Vincent de Paul, [247]
Sainte-Thérèse, Father Bernard de, [404]
Saladin, Sultan, [223]
birthplace of, [393]
Salmanassar I, [376]
Salmanassar II, black obelisk of, [200]
Salmanassar III, [386]
Sammuramat, or Semiramis, [381]
Samothrace, [87]
San Marco, Cathedral of, [58]
San Stephano, treaty of, [63]
Santa Sophia, church of, [53]
Sapor I, [297]
Sappho, [105]
Saracens, [317]
Sardanapalus, [203]
Sargan II, [386]
Sarzec, M. Ernest de, [363]
Satyrs, [476]
Saulcy, M. de, [362]
Schneider, Siegmund, German engineer, [166]
Scholarios, George, [328]
School of Edessa, [297]
“School of the Persians,” [290]
Schrader, Eberhard, [363]
Second Council of Lyons in 1274, [327]
See of Constantinople, [325]
Selamlik, [127]
Seleucia, city of, [491]
Seleucia-Ctesiphon, [305]
Seleucids, the, [316]
Seleucus Nicator, [491]
Seleucus, the Chaldean astronomer, [503]
Selim I, Sultan, 108, [117]
Seljuk Sultans of Rum, [172]
Semiramis, [381]
family and connections of, [386]
“Semiramis of the North,” the, [61]
Sennacherib, [375]
Septimus Severus, [14], [194], [297]
Serbians, against the Turks, [148]
Serpent Column from Delphi, [59]
Seven Sleepers, legend of the, [197]
Shamsi-Adad V, [380]
Simeon, castle of, [256]
“Siren of the Nile,” [205]
Sister of Charity, [247]
Sisters of St. Francis from Lons, [292]
Skobeleff, General, [28]
Smith, George, [351]
Sobieski, John, [13]
Solyman the Magnificent, [108]
Solyman Pasha, [78]
Sons of St. Dominic, [303]
Sons of St. Francis, [142]
Sanusiyahs, the, [246]
Stamboul, [48]
Stanley, Dean, [337]
Stoics, [201]
Stone of Nebi Yunus, [352]
Strabo, [201]
Suez Canal, [153]
Sunnites, the, [445]
Syrians, the, [272]
Syrian Uniates, [310]

Tabriz, city of, [41]
Tallyrand, [34]
Tarsus, [190], [202]
once the center of Greek thought and knowledge, [201]
Tartars, [306]
Taurus Mountains, [183]
Tekrit, [392]
Telloh, city of, [364]
Temple of Fame, [6]
Tenedos, [87]
Ten Thousand Greeks, the, [171]
Terrestrial Paradise, dispute as to, [447]
“Testament of Leo XII,” [335]
Teufelsmauer, Devil’s Wall, [9]
Teutonic Powers, [162]
Thaddée, Father, [403]
Thapsacus, [281]
Thare, [294]
“The Great River” of the Jews, [282]
Theodora, daughter of Cautacuzenos, [114]
Theodora, Empress, [102]
Theodosius II, Emperor, [257]
“The Round City,” [411]
“The Terrible Turk,” [148]
Thévenot, Jean de, [391]
“Thirty pieces of silver,” [295]
Thracian Hellespont, [77]
Tiglath-Pileser I, King of Assyria, [293], [386]
Tigris, the, [278]
Timok River, [27]
Timur, [113], [216]
Tobacco, use of, forbidden by Moslems, [178]
Tomi, [37]
Tonietti, Sig. A., [154]
Tower of Babel, mound of Babil not the, [479]
Trade routes of the Near East, [253]
Trajan, Emperor, [298]
Trampe, Herr, [168]
Treaty of San Stephano, [63]
Trojan War, [319]
Troubadours, the, [222]
Troy, glory of, immortal, [93]
plain of, [88]
“Turk,” applied by Osmanlis when referring to a brutal man, [112]
Turks, propaganda against, [123]
treatment of the women, [131]
Turkey, Great Powers cannot, without trouble, treat, as pariah nation, [213]
Tyre, city of, [217]

Uniate Copts, [313]
Uniates, [308]
Urban VIII, Pope, [404]
Urfa, [284]
“Uriah the Hittite,” [275]
Ur of the Chaldees, [294]

Vale of Bozanti, [188]
Valle, Pietro della, [357], [478]
Vasco da Gama, [73], [264]
Venice, [58]
Via Sacra, of Babylon, [497]
Vienna, [13]
Villamil, Emeterio, [453]
Violet, M. H., [399]
Vladimir, King of Russia, [339]
Volga River, [32]
Voltaire, [269]
on the Koran, [225]
von Bieberstein, Baron Marschall, [158]
von Hammer-Purgstall, [304]
von Moltke, [156]
von Pressel, Wilhelm, German engineer, [166]
von Siemens, Dr. George, [156]

Wahabis, the, [179]
Wallachians, [114]
Whirling dervishes, [173]
“White City” of Serbia, [21]
Whitman, Sidney, on the Turks, [147]
Wiseman of Westminster, [369]
Wo Lag das Paradies, [466]
Wolf of the Capitol in Rome, bronze, [59]
Worship, freedom of, allowed by the Turks, [145]

Xenocrates, [97]
Xenophon, [46], [189], [281]
Xerxes, [59], [77], [83]