(Epig. 83, ed. Migne, 51, p. 524.)
[43] Compare Celestine, Ep. iv. (Migne, P.L., 1. 434), nullus inuitis detur episcopus.
[44] The conjecture is due to Professor Zimmer.
[45] The old kingdom of Leinster, or Laigin, was south of the Liffey, and in this book “Leinster” is used in this sense (not equivalent to the modern province, which includes the old kingdom of Meath). See below, [chap. iv].
[46] See [Appendix C, 9], on Patrick’s consecration.
[47] No better illustration of this can be found than Pope Gregory’s provision for the mission of Augustine to England, as recorded in Bede, Hist. ecc. i. 29; he sent, besides fellow-workers, “uniuersa quae ad cultum erant ac ministerium ecclesiae necessaria, uasa videlicet sacra, et vestimenta altarium, ornamenta quoque ecclesiarum, et sacerdotalia uel clericilia indumenta, sanctorum etiam apostolorum ac martyrum reliquias, necnon et codices plurimos.”
[48] It has recently been held, more plausibly but erroneously, that Patrick was on his way to Rome when the news of the death of Palladius overtook him. See [Appendix C, 8].
[49] Celestine probably died July 27, and Xystus succeeded July 31, 432. These dates have been determined by M. Duchesne, Liber Pontificalis, i. pp. ccli.-ii.
[50] It is probable that excommunication by a Roman bishop was also recognised as universally binding. The question whether the popes had the right of annulling sentences pronounced by provincial councils on bishops, depends on the question of the authenticity of the Council of Sardica. See J. Friedrich, Sitzungsber. of the Bavarian Academy, 1901, 417 sqq.; E. Babut, Le concile de Turin, 75.
[51] A.D. 366-384.