[195] Todd, St. Patrick, 51 sqq.
[196] See [Appendix C, 17].
[197] See above, [chap. vii. p. 143].
[198] It has twenty-one letters, a b c d e f g h i l m n o p q r s t u v, and ng (a guttural nasal, which occurs in the name Amolngaid; cp. the Greek double gamma). If the Goidels had originally invented an alphabet to suit their own language they would never have constructed this. They had to resort to various devices to represent their sounds by its means. See further note, [Appendix B].
[199] More strictly, a new letter was added, and u was differentiated into two, to represent its two sounds. It is as well to say that in describing the ogams as a cipher it is not intended to imply that they were cryptic, but only that they were not an independent alphabet.
[200] For the Iberian alphabet see Hübner’s Monumenta linguae Ibericae (1893). Cp. Strabo, 3. 1. 6.
[201] B.G. vi. 14.
[202] Desjardins, Géographie de la Gaule, ii. 214, note 3.
[203] Ail Clúade.
[204] Milites.