[16] Even before the age of the Revolution, Paris possessed many great schools. The Collège de France was founded in 1530; there was the College et École de Chirurgie, the Jardin des Plantes, the École royale des Mines, etc. (cf. Merz, History of European Thought, Vol. I, p. 107).

[17] Merz says of Newton: "In his own country that fruitful co-operation which can only be secured by an academic organisation and by endowment of research was wanting" (I, p. 99). As late as 1740 the whole revenue of the Royal Society was only £232 per annum.

[18] Morley, Voltaire, p. 41.

[19] He published his Élémens de la Philosophie de Newton in 1738.

[20] Höffding, Vol. I, p. 481.

[21] See note in Merz, Vol. I, p. 145.

[22] Merz, Vol. I, p. 143.

[23] The receipt and perusal of Rousseau's Emile, are said to have interrupted the walk on one occasion, to the great astonishment of the Königsbergers.

[24] Pringle Pattison, Idea of God, p. 26.

[25] "Atheism is aristocratic," was the reply of Robespierre to one who mocked at his Être Suprême.