'em'—denotes propensity, inclination, disposition:

timi, to fear, tim'em'a, timorous.
amo, love, am'em'a, lovable.

'er'—denotes one of many objects of the same kind, the smallest fragment:

sablo, sand, sabl'er'o, a grain of sand.
mono, money, mon'er'o, a coin.

'estr'—denotes a chief, a leader, a ruler, the head of:

imperio, an empire, imperi'estr'o, an emperor.
ŝipo, a ship, ŝip'estr'o, captain (of a ship).

'et'—denotes diminution of degree:

ridi, to laugh, rid'et'i, to smile.
monto, a mountain, mont'et'o, a hill.

'id'—denotes the young of, offspring, descendant:

kato, a cat, kat'id'o, a kitten.
Izraelo, Israel, Izrael'id'o, an Israelite.