'ing'—denotes a holder (thing), that which is used for holding one object:
cigaro, a cigar, cigar'ing'o, a cigar holder.
kandelo, a candle, kandel'ing'o, a candlestick.
'ist'—denotes profession, trade, occupation, etc.:
drogo, a drug, drog'ist'o, druggist.
maro, the sea, mar'ist'o, a sailor.
'nj'—has the same force as the suffix ĉj, but is used for feminine names only.
'uj'—denotes that which contains, produces, encloses or bears:
pomo, apple, pom'uj'o, apple-tree; mono, money, mon'uj'o, a purse.
Anglo, Englishman, Angl'uj'o, England; cigaro, a cigar, cigar'uj'o, a cigar-case.
"Tree" may also be expressed by arbo, pomarbo, an apple tree. Names of countries may also be denoted by lando, as Anglolando, England, Francolando, France, Irlando, Ireland.
'ul'—denotes a person or being characterised by the idea contained in a root-word:
timo, fear, tim'ul'o, a coward, a poltroon.
avara, miserly, avar'ul'o, a miserly person (a miser).