Gregory VII., Pope, his character, [ i. 39].
—— VIII., bull of, in favour of a crusade against Saladin, [iii. 380] (App.).
—— IX., Pope, character of, [ ii. 269].
His rage against Frederick II. of Germany, [ ii. 270], [ ii. 271].
Hostilities with, [ ii. 272], [ ii. 281].
Treaty with, [ ii. 282].
Determines to renew the holy war, [ ii. 283].
Quarrels with and excommunicates Frederick, [ ii. 292].
His death, [ ii. 296].
—— X. convokes a council at Lyons for reviving a new crusade, [iii. 59].