| PAGE |
| Bute's influence over the young King, | [1035] |
| George's view of royalty, | [1036] |
| [1761 ] Signs of a change of ministry, | [1037] |
| The campaign of 1761 produces a desire for peace, | [1037] |
| Negotiations between France and England, | [1038] |
| Pitt, suspecting the Family Compact, opposes peace, | [1038] |
| Pitt resigns. Bute becomes Premier, | [1039] |
| [1762 ] War with Spain, | [1039] |
| Peace with France concluded, | [1040] |
| [1763 ] Close of the Seven Years' War, | [1041] |
| Attack on the Whigs, | [1041] |
| Bute resigns, | [1041] |
| The Triumvirate ministry, | [1042] |
| The Bedford ministry, | [1042] |
| The trial of Wilkes, | [1043] |
| Origin of the American provinces, | [1045] |
| Restrictions on colonial trade, | [1046] |
| [1764 ] Suppression of smuggling, | [1047] |
| [1765 ] The Stamp Act, | [1047] |
|
[1765 ] The King's illness, | [1048] |
| The Regency Bill, | [1048] |
| Negotiations for a change of ministry, | [1049] |
| Pitt retires into private life, | [1050] |
| Ministry of the Whig Houses, | [1050] |
| The question of American taxation, | [1051] |
| [1766 ] Return of Pitt and his declaration of views, | [1051] |
| The Stamp Act repealed, | [1052] |
| Weakness of the Government, | [1052] |
| Pitt becomes Lord Chatham and Prime Minister, | [1053] |
| His comprehensive plans, | [1054] |
| [1767 ] His illness and mental failure, | [1054] |
| Townshend's financial measures, | [1054] |
| [1768 ] Corruption of Parliament, | [1055] |
| Wilkes elected for Middlesex, | [1055] |
| [1769 ] Increase of American difficulties, | [1056] |
| The Letters of Junius, | [1057] |
| Weakness of the ministry, | [1057] |
| [1770 ] Camden, Granby, and Grafton resign, | [1058] |
| North's ministry. Triumph of the King's policy, | [1059] |
| Grenville's reform of election petitions, | [1060] |
| Increased irritation in America, | [1061] |
| Affair of the Falkland Islands, | [1062] |
| [1771 ] The liberty of reporting Parliamentary debates, | [1062] |
| North's ministry gathers strength, | [1063] |
| [1772 ] Royal Marriage Law, | [1064] |
| Fate of the Queen of Denmark, | [1064] |
| Division of Poland, | [1065] |
| Constitution of Poland, | [1065] |
| [1773 ] Organized opposition in America, | [1067] |
| [1774 ] Dunning's petition rejected, | [1068] |
| [1772 ] The India Company's difficulties, | [1069] |
| [1774 ] Boston Port Bill, | [1070] |
| Massachusetts Government Bill, | [1070] |
| Crisis of the quarrel, | [1070] |
| Acts of the General Congress, | [1071] |
| [1775 ] Chatham's motions for reconciliation, | [1071] |
| Skirmish at Lexington, | [1072] |
| The Canada Bill, | [1072] |
| The Congress assumes sovereign authority, | [1073] |
| Washington commander-in-chief, | [1073] |
| Battle of Bunker's Hill, | [1073] |
| The Olive Branch Petition, | [1075] |
| Attack on Canada, | [1075] |
| [1776 ] Howe retires to Halifax, | [1076] |
| Fresh offers of conciliation rejected, | [1076] |
| Declaration of Independence, | [1077] |
| Battle of Brooklyn, | [1077] |
|
[1777 ] Washington recovers New Jersey, | [1079] |
| Threefold plan of the English, | [1079] |
| Howe's expedition against Philadelphia, | [1080] |
| Battle of Germanstown, | [1080] |
| Washington reorganizes the army, | [1081] |
| Burgoyne's disasters, | [1081] |
| [1776 ] Effect of American affairs in Parliament, | [1082] |
| [1777 ] Increase of the Civil List, | [1082] |
| France acknowledges the independence of America, | [1084] |
| Chatham's energy in Parliament, | [1084] |
| [1778 ] North's Conciliation Bill, | [1085] |
| Rupture with France | [1085] |
| Death of Chatham, | [1086] |
| Laws against Roman Catholics repealed, | [1087] |
| America rejects North's conciliatory offers, | [1087] |
| Effect of the alliance between America and France, | [1088] |
| Weakness of North's ministry, | [1088] |
| [1779 ] Difficulties in Ireland, | [1090] |
| [1780 ] Motions for economical reform, | [1091] |
| The Lord George Gordon riots, | [1092] |
| Rodney's victory, | [1094] |
| Capture of Charleston, | [1095] |
| War with the Dutch, | [1095] |
| Armed neutrality of the North, | [1096] |
| Arnold's treachery, | [1096] |
| Death of Major André, | [1097] |
| Campaign in Carolina, | [1097] |
| [1781 ] St. Eustatia captured, | [1098] |
| Battle of Guildford Courthouse, | [1100] |
| Battle of Hobkirk's Hill, | [1100] |
| Battle of Eutaw, | [1101] |
| Cornwallis in Virginia, | [1101] |
| Surrender of Yorktown. Close of the war, | [1103] |
| New session of Parliament, | [1103] |
| [1782 ] North's resignation. The Rockingham ministry, | [1104] |
| The agitation in Ireland, | [1105] |
| Economical reforms, | [1106] |
| Conclusion of the American War, | [1107] |
| Exorbitant demands of France, | [1108] |
| Siege of Gibraltar, | [1109] |
| Changed tone of French demands, | [1110] |
| [1783 ] Terms of the peace, | [1110] |
| [1782 ] Death of Rockingham. The Shelburne ministry, | [1111] |
| [1783 ] Shelburne resigns. Return of the Whig ministry, | [1112] |
| Retrospect of Indian history, | [1113] |
| [1600 ] Foundation of the India Company, | [1113] |
|
[1640 ] Foundation of Madras (1640), Bombay (1662), and Calcutta (1698), | [1114] |
| Decline of Portuguese and Dutch competition, | [1114] |
| [1707 ] Decline of the Mogul Empire, | [1115] |
| [1744 ] Competition with the French Company, | [1115] |
| [1750 ] Success of Dupleix, | [1116] |
| [1752 ] Dupleix defeated by Clive, | [1117] |
| [1756 ] The Black Hole of Calcutta, | [1118] |
| [1757 ] The Battle of Plassey, | [1119] |
| [1761 ] Overthrow of the French power in India, | [1119] |
| Contest with the native states, | [1120] |
| [1763 ] Massacre of Patna, | [1121] |
| [1764 ] Battle of Buxar, | [1121] |
| Maladministration of the India Company, | [1121] |
| [1769 ] Rise of Hyder Ali, | [1122] |
| [1770 ] Famine in Bengal, | [1123] |
| [1773 ] The Regulating Act, | [1123] |
| [1774 ] Death of Clive, | [1124] |
| Warren Hastings, | [1124] |
| [1778 ] The Mysore war, | [1127] |
| [1780 ] Robbery of Cheyte Singh and the Begums, | [1128] |
| [1781 ] Parliamentary inquiry, | [1129] |
| [1783 ] Dundas's India Bill, | [1129] |
| Fox's India Bill, | [1129] |
| The King procures its rejection, | [1131] |
| Fall of the Whig ministry. Pitt's first ministry, | [1132] |
| [1784 ] Pitt's victory over the Opposition, | [1134] |
| Dissolution of Parliament, | [1134] |
| Pitt's Budget, | [1134] |
| Pitt's India Bill, | [1135] |
| Pitt's Irish policy, | [1136] |
| Failure of Pitt's Reform Bill, | [1137] |
| Pitt's financial success, | [1138] |
| [1785 ] Charges against Warren Hastings, | [1139] |
| [1787 ] Conduct of the Prince of Wales, | [1140] |
| [1788 ] Trial of Warren Hastings, | [1141] |
| First motion against the slave trade, | [1142] |
| The King's illness. The Regency Bill, | [1142] |
| Pre-eminence of Pitt, | [1143] |
| Effect of the French Revolution in England, | [1145] |
| Pitt's foreign policy, | [1145] |
| Political development of the country, | [1146] |
| [1789 ] Affair of Nootka Sound, | [1146] |
| Alliance with Holland, | [1146] |
| Pitt's efforts to oppose Russia, | [1147] |
| Alliance with Prussia, Holland, and Sweden, | [1148] |
| [1790 ] The Convention of Reichenbach, | [1149] |
| Industrial development of the country, | [1150] |
|
[1789 ] The French Revolution, | [1151] |
| Assembling of the States-General, | [1153] |
| Louis XVI. brought to Paris, | [1154] |
| Excitement produced in England, | [1154] |
| [1790 ] First reactionary movement, | [1154] |
| Rejection of the Abolition of Tests and the Reform Bill, | [1154] |
| Burke's "Reflections," | [1155] |
| [1791 ] The Canada Bill, | [1155] |
| Breach between Fox and Burke, | [1156] |
| The Birmingham riots, | [1156] |
| Pitt's policy as yet unchanged, | [1156] |
| Progress of the French Revolution, | [1157] |
| The King's flight to Varennes, | [1157] |
| [1792 ] The Girondin ministry declares war, | [1158] |
| The King suspended, | [1158] |
| Massacres of September, | [1159] |
| Declaration of the Republic, | [1159] |
| Revolutionary character of the war, | [1159] |
| Edict of Fraternity, | [1159] |
| Change of opinion in England as to the Revolution, | [1160] |
| Formation of a new Tory party, | [1161] |
| Sympathy with the Revolution among the poor, | [1161] |
| Revolutionary societies, | [1162] |
| Rejection of Grey's Reform Bill, | [1162] |
| Proclamation against seditious writings, | [1163] |
| Riots in Sheffield and Dundee, | [1164] |
| The militia called out, | [1164] |
| [1793 ] Signs of approaching war with France, | [1165] |
| The Alien Bill, | [1165] |
| Death of Louis XVI., | [1165] |
| Pitt's efforts to continue peace, | [1166] |
| Determination of the French for war, | [1166] |
| Declaration of war with France, | [1167] |
| French successes on the Continent, and against the royalists in France | [1168] |
| Pitt's difficulty in keeping up the coalition, | [1170] |
| [1795 ] The French capture Amsterdam, | [1172] |
| Indirect advantages gained by England, | [1172] |
| [1794 ] Defeat of the French fleet, | [1173] |
| [1795 ] Prussia, Spain, and Holland leave the coalition, | [1173] |
| Insurrection of La Vendée, | [1174] |
| Expedition to Quiberon, | [1176] |
| Confidence of the English in Pitt, | [1177] |
| His repressive policy, | [1178] |
| [1793 ] The Traitorous Correspondence Bill, | [1178] |
| Trials for seditious writings, | [1179] |
| [1794 ] Portland joins the ministry, | [1181] |
|
Desire for peace, | [1181] |
| [1795 ] The Prince of Wales' marriage, | [1182] |
| Sufferings of the lower classes, | [1183] |
| Assault on the King, | [1183] |
| [1793 ] Retrospect of French affairs, | [1184] |
| The Committee of Public Safety, | [1184] |
| [1794 ] The Reign of Terror, | [1185] |
| Fall of Robespierre, | [1186] |
| [1795 ] The Directory established, | [1186] |
| [1796 ] Pitt's first negotiations for peace, | [1186] |
| Napoleon's Italian campaign, | [1187] |
| Pitt's second negotiations, | [1188] |
| Preparations to resist a threatened French invasion, | [1190] |
| French expeditions to Ireland and Bristol, | [1190] |
| Critical condition of England, | [1191] |
| Monetary crisis; suspension of cash payments, | [1192] |
| Victory of St. Vincent, | [1193] |
| [1797 ] The mutiny at Spithead, | [1194] |
| The mutiny at the Nore, | [1195] |
| Disorganization of the French Government, | [1196] |
| Negotiations at Lisle, | [1197] |
| Battle of Camperdown, | [1198] |
| Peace of Campo Formio, | [1198] |
| Ireland, | [1199] |
| Complications attending Irish difficulties, | [1199] |
| Necessity for the Union, | [1199] |
| Irish opposition to Government, | [1200] |
| Grievances of the peasantry, | [1201] |
| Weakness of the executive, | [1202] |
| [1789 ] Effect of the French Revolution, | [1202] |
| Formation of the Society of United Irishmen, | [1203] |
| [1791 ] Disunion among the Catholics, | [1204] |
| Mismanagement of the Government, | [1205] |
| [1793 ] Catholic Relief Bill passed, | [1206] |
| Renewed agitation for reform, | [1207] |
| [1794 ] Failure of Fitzwilliam's efforts, | [1208] |
| [1795 ] Lord Camden succeeds Fitzwilliam, | [1209] |
| The character of the rebellion, | [1210] |
| [1796 ] Defensive measures of Government, | [1210] |
| Arrest of the revolutionary committee, | [1211] |
| The expedition to Bantry Bay, | [1212] |
| [1797 ] Lake's success in Ulster and Munster, | [1212] |
| [1798 ] Outbreak of the rebellion, | [1214] |
| Cornwallis succeeds Camden, | [1215] |
| Humbert's expedition to Killala, | [1216] |
| [1799 ] Opposition to the Union, | [1217] |
|
[1800 ] The Union completed, | [1219] |
| [1797 ] Desire of France to invade England, | [1219] |
| [1798 ] Napoleon's campaign in Egypt, | [1220] |
| Battle of the Nile, | [1220] |
| Pitt forms a second coalition, | [1221] |
| [1799 ] Italy regained by the allies, | [1222] |
| The allies capture the Dutch fleet, | [1223] |
| Napoleon defeated at Acre, | [1223] |
| Jealousies and disasters of the allies, | [1224] |
| Success in India, | [1224] |
| Napoleon made First Consul, | [1225] |
| [1800 ] Napoleon's victories in Italy, | [1226] |
| Battle of Hohenlinden, | [1227] |
| [1801 ] Treaty of Lunéville, | [1227] |
| Dissolution of the coalition, | [1227] |
| [1800 ] Internal condition of England, | [1228] |
| [1801 ] Rejection of the Catholic Relief Bill, | [1229] |
| Pitt resigns. Addington made Premier, | [1230] |
| Illness of the King, | [1230] |
| The French army in Egypt, | [1231] |
| Battle of Alexandria, | [1232] |
| Battle of Copenhagen, | [1232] |
| Peace between England and Russia, | [1233] |
| Napoleon appropriates Holland, Switzerland, and Italy, | [1235] |
| [1802 ] Peace of Amiens, | [1236] |
| Napoleon continues his aggressions, | [1237] |
| Demands the repression of the English press, | [1237] |
| And the expulsion of the emigrants from England, | [1238] |
| Consequent change of feeling in England, | [1238] |
| Negotiations for Pitt's return, | [1239] |
| [1803 ] Napoleon examines the resources of Egypt, England, and Ireland, | [1239] |
| His interview with Lord Whitworth, | [1239] |
| The militia embodied, | [1240] |
| Failure of renewed negotiations for Pitt's return, | [1240] |
| Declaration of war with Francem, | [1241] |
| Character of the war, | [1241] |
| Napoleon arrests the English in France, | [1241] |
| He excites discontent in Ireland, | [1241] |
| Emmett's Rebellion, | [1242] |
| Difficulty of Addington's position, | [1243] |
| [1804 ] Pitt offers to undertake the Government, | [1245] |
| Addington resigns. Pitt's Tory ministry, | [1245] |
| Preparations to resist the French invasion, | [1248] |
| The Additional Force Bill. Increase of the navy, | [1248] |
| Napoleon attempts to form a coalition, | [1250] |
| His conduct with regard to Georges' conspiracy, | [1251] |
|
His murder of the Duc d'Enghien, | [1251] |
| Napoleon made Emperor, | [1252] |
| Harrowby retires. Addington joins the ministry, | [1252] |
| Failure of the Catamaran expedition, | [1253] |
| Success in India against the Mahrattas, | [1253] |
| [1802 ] Wellesley's subsidiary system, | [1254] |
| [1803 ] The Mahratta war, | [1255] |
| Battle of Assye, | [1256] |
| [1805 ] Conclusion of the war, | [1257] |
| Sad close of Pitt's career, | [1257] |
| Attack on Melville's administration, | [1258] |
| Sidmouth resigns, | [1259] |
| Treaty of St. Petersburg, | [1261] |
| The third coalition formed, | [1261] |
| Napoleon prepares to invade England, | [1261] |
| Nelson's pursuit of Villeneuve, | [1262] |
| Failure of Napoleon's schemes, | [1263] |
| He marches against Austria, | [1264] |
| Capitulation of the Austrian army at Ulm, | [1264] |
| Battle of Trafalgar, | [1265] |
| Battle of Austerlitz, | [1265] |
| [1806 ] Death of Pitt. Fox's ministry, | [1266] |
| [1805 ] Treaties of Schönbrunn and Presburg, | [1269] |
| [1806 ] Napoleon erects dependent kingdoms, | [1269] |
| Fox's negotiations with Napoleon, | [1270] |
| Death of Fox, | [1270] |
| Abolition of the slave trade, | [1271] |
| [1807 ] Rejection of the Catholic claims, | [1273] |
| Resignation of the Grenville ministry, | [1274] |
| The Perceval ministry, | [1274] |
| [1806 ] Prussia declares war with France, | [1276] |
| Battle of Jena, | [1276] |
| The Berlin decree, | [1277] |
| [1807 ] The orders in Council, | [1278] |
| Battle of Eylau, | [1280] |
| Incapacity of the Grenville ministry, | [1280] |
| Expedition to Buenos Ayres, | [1280] |
| Expedition to the Dardanelles, | [1281] |
| Expedition to Alexandria, | [1282] |
| [1806 ] Expedition to Sicily, | [1282] |
| [1807 ] Dissolution of the third coalition, | [1282] |
| Treaty of Tilsitt, | [1283] |
| Capture of the Danish fleet, | [1285] |
| War between Russia and Sweden, | [1285] |
| Continental System acknowledged except in Portugal, | [1285] |
| Condition of the Peninsula, | [1286] |
| Joseph made King of Spain, | [1287] |
|
Napoleon's armies in Spain, | [1288] |
| Invasion of Portugal, | [1288] |
| [1808 ] Enthusiasm in England for the Spanish insurrection, | [1289] |
| Wellesley sent to Portugal, | [1290] |
| Combat of Rorica, | [1291] |
| Battle of Vimiero, | [1292] |
| Convention of Cintra, | [1293] |
| Sir John Moore's march to Salamanca, | [1294] |
| Napoleon in Madrid, | [1295] |
| [1809 ] Battle of Corunna, | [1297] |
| Opinion in England concerning the war, | [1298] |
| Scandal of the Duke of York, | [1299] |
| Charges against Castlereagh, | [1299] |
| Opposition to Napoleon in Germany, | [1300] |
| Battle of Aspern, | [1300] |
| Battle of Wagram, | [1301] |
| Peace of Vienna, | [1301] |
| The Walcheren expedition, | [1301] |
| Wellesley victorious in Portugal, | [1303] |
| Battle of Talavera, | [1304] |
| [1810 ] Wellington fortifies the Lisbon promontory, | [1306] |
| Battle of Busaco, | [1307] |
| [1811 ] Battle of Albuera, | [1309] |
| Critical position of the French, | [1311] |
| Threatened war between Russia and France, | [1313] |
| [1812 ] Capture of Rodrigo and Badajos, | [1315] |
| Battle of Salamanca, | [1316] |
| Wellington in Madrid, | [1317] |
| He retreats to Portugal, | [1318] |
| [1813 ] Battle of Vittoria, | [1319] |
| [1814 ] Battle of Toulouse, | [1321] |
| Long tenure of power by the Tory party, | [1321] |
| [1809 ] Quarrel of Castlereagh and Canning, | [1322] |
| [1810 ] Illness of the King, | [1323] |
| [1811 ] The Regency Bill, | [1324] |
| [1812 ] Assassination of Perceval. Liverpool made Premier, | [1325] |
| War with America, | [1325] |
| [1814] Capture of Washington, | [1327] |
| Abdication of Napoleon, | [1328] |
| Character of the Tory Government, | [1329] |
| [1810 ] Depression of trade, | [1331] |
| [1811 ] The Luddite riots, | [1332] |
| Misery of the agricultural labourer, | [1333] |
| [1814 ]; Difficulties attending the settlement of Europe, | [1333] |
| First Treaty of Paris, | [1334] |
| Visit of the monarchs to England, | [1335] |
| Congress at Vienna, | [1335] |
| [1815 ] Compromise agreed upon, | [1338] |
| Escape of Napoleon from Elba, | [1339] |
| Military preparations against Napoleon, | [1339] |
| Battle of Ligny, | [1340] |
| Battle of Quatre Bras, | [1341] |
| Battle of Waterloo, | [1342] |
| The allies enter Paris, | [1346] |
| Napoleon banished to St. Helena, | [1346] |
| The second Treaty of Paris, | [1346] |
| [1816 ] Battle of Algiers, | [1347] |
| Opposition in Parliament, | [1348] |
| Extravagance of the Government, | [1349] |
| Agricultural and commercial depression, | [1350] |
| Riots and political meetings, | [1351] |
| Meeting in Spa Fields, | [1352] |
| Petition from the Corporation of London, | [1353] |
| [1817 ] Attack on the Regent, | [1353] |
| Repressive measures of the Government, | [1354] |
| Secret political meetings, | [1354] |
| Suppression of seditious writings, | [1355] |
| Mr. Hone's trial, | [1355] |
| Strength of the Opposition, | [1356] |
| [1818 ] Condition of the royal family, | [1357] |
| Dissolution of Parliament, | [1358] |
| Evacuation of France by the allies, | [1359] |
| [1819 ] Resumption of cash payments, | [1359] |
| Rejection of Catholic emancipation, | [1360] |
| Reform of Scotch burghs, | [1360] |
| The Manchester Massacre, | [1362] |
| The Six Acts, | [1363] |
| [1820 ] Death of George III., | [1363] |