[Cleveland], Ohio. 41N. 81W. Named in honour of its founder, 1796.
Coaque, Peru. 0. 77W. Taken by Pizarro, 1531.
[Cod, Cape], Mass. 42N. 70W. Discovered by Gosnold, who so named it, 1602; Champlain off during his second expedition to Canada, 1604-7, and called by him Cape Fortune; explored by John Smith, 1614; first land sighted by Pilgrim Fathers.
Cold Harbour, near Richmond, Virginia. 37N. 77W. Sanguinary and indecisive battle between Grant and Lee, 1864 (Civil W.). (See under [Richmond] for former battle, 1862.)
[Colombia], S.A. 3N. 75W. Coasts, etc., explored by Columbus (from whom the present name derived), and earlier and later navigators, 15th-16th centuries; named New Granada by Quesada, conqueror of Bogota, 1538; revolt against Spanish rule, 1810; independence established after Bolivar's victory at Boyaca, 1819; Venezuela and Ecuador withdrew from confederation, 1830; name changed to 'United States of Colombia,' 1861; constant revolutions.
[Colorado], U.S. 39N. 105W. Explored by Vasquez de Coronado, 1540; Pike's Peak discovered by mountaineer of that name, 1806; Frémont in, during his expedition over the Rocky Mountains, 1842-4; organised as a territory, 1861; sided with Federals in Civil W.; admitted to Union, 1876.
[Colorado River], Colorado, N. America. 34N. 114W. Discovered by Hernando Alarçon on his expedition to California, 1540; explored last century by Yves, White, and Powell.
[Columbia], Tennessee. 35N. 86W. Battle of Duck Run, and earlier encounter, 1862 (Civil W.).
Columbia, S. Carolina. 34N. 80W. Taken and burnt by Gen. Sherman, 1865 (Civil W.).
Columbia, river, Oregon. 46N. 124W. Discovered by Capt. Grey, 1792; the same year Lieut. Broughton, under directions from Vancouver, sailed up; later explorations by Lewis and Clarke, 1805; navigation of granted to England by treaty, 1846.