SPONGE AND CORAL.
Use of the Sponge in Scripture—Probability that the ancient Jews were acquainted with it—Sponges of the Mediterranean—The Coral, and its value—Signification of the word Ramoth[ 647]
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS.
| PAGE | |
| The Ostrich and its Hunters. (Job xxxix. 18) | [Frontispiece.] |
| The Lion and his Den. (Ezek. xix. 2) | [26] |
| Dogs prowling at Night. (Psa. lix. 14) | [48] |
| The Badger and its Home. (Exod. xxvi. 14) | [72] |
| Bears descending from the Hills. (Prov. xxviii. 15) | [76] |
| Oxen bearing the Yoke. (Lam. iii. 27) | [104] |
| Sheep and their Shepherd and Fold. (Psa. xxiii. 2) | [156] |
| Goats wounded by Lion. (Amos iii. 12) | [202] |
| The Hind and her Young. (Job xxxix. 1) | [212] |
| Camels and their Burdens. (Isa. xxx. 6) | [222] |
| The War Horse going to Battle. (Job xxxix. 25) | [250] |
| Wild Asses and the Hunters. (Job xxxix. 5-8) | [282] |
| The Wild Boar in the Vineyard. (Psa. lxxx. 13) | [300] |
| Elephants in a Forest. (Ezek. xxvii. 15) | [312] |
| The Hippopotamus or Behemoth. (Job xl. 21) | [324] |
| Vultures and their Prey. (Matt. xxiv. 28) | [352] |
| The Eagle and its Nest. (Job xxxix. 27) | [354] |
| The Osprey and its Haunts. (Deut. xiv. 12) | [356] |
| The Owl among Ruins. (Job xxx. 29) | [376] |
| Peacocks. (1 Kings x. 22) | [426] |
| The Bittern and its Home. (Isa. xiv. 23) | [466] |
| The Stork in the Fir-trees. (Psa. civ. 17) | [482] |
| The Crocodile or Leviathan. (Job xli. 7) | [520] |
| Locusts on the March. (Exod. x. 5) | [600] |
ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT.
| PAGE | |
| The Rhesus and Entellus. (1 Kings x. 22) | [3] |
| The Wanderoo | [6] |
| Bats in their Cave. (Levit. xi. 19) | [17] |
| The Leopard by the Way. (Hos. xiii. 7) | [30] |
| The Wolf among the Sheep. (John x. 12) | [51] |
| Jackals and the Scapegoat. (Psa. lxiii. 10) | [56] |
| Hyænas and Vultures. (Ezek. xxix. 5) | [65] |
| The Hedgehog. (Isa. xxxiv. 11) | [81] |
| The Mole-Rat. (Levit. xi. 30) | [87] |
| Field-Mice among Corn. (1 Sam. vi. 5) | [93] |
| Syrian Hares. (Deut. xiv. 7) | [97] |
| Oxen Treading out Corn. (Deut. xxv. 4) | [107] |
| The Buffalo. (Amos vi. 12) | [114] |
| The Wild Bull, or Oryx. (Isa. li. 21) | [119] |
| The Unicorn, or Bison. (Job xxxix. 9) | [132] |
| Gazelles upon the Mountains. (Cant. ii. 8) | [136] |
| The Pygarg, or Addax. (Deut. xiv. 4) | [142] |
| The Fallow-Deer, or Bubale. (1 Kings iv. 23) | [145] |
| Sheep led to Pasture. (John x. 3) | [154] |
| The Ram's Horn Trumpet. (Josh. vi. 4) | [175] |
| The Place of Sacrifice on Mount Gerizim | [181] |
| The Chamois, or Aoudad. (Deut. xiv. 4, 5) | [187] |
| Goats divided from Sheep. (Matt. xxv. 52) | [199] |
| The Wild Goat, or Ibex. (Psa. cxiv. 18) | [206] |
| The Hind, or Fallow-Deer. (Cant. ii. 7) | [209] |
| The Dromedary and its Rider. (Jer. ii. 23) | [231] |
| The Camel and the "Needle's Eye." (Matt. xix. 24) | [243] |
| Bactrian Camels harnessed. (Isa. xxi. 7) | [246] |
| The War Chariot of Egypt. (Jer. xlvi. 9) | [261] |
| The State Chariot of Assyria. (Jer. xvii. 25) | [262] |
| Syrian Asses. (Prov. xxvi. 3) | [269] |
| Mules and their Driver. (Psa. xxxii. 9) | [287] |
| Conies among the Rocks. (Prov. xxx. 26) | [313] |
| The Hippopotamus in the River. (Job xl. 21) | [325] |
| The Hippopotamus and Trap. (Job xl. 24) | [328] |
| The Ossifrage, or Lämmergeier. (Deut. xiv. 12) | [334] |
| The Gier-Eagle, or Egyptian Vulture. (Deut. xiv. 17) | [340] |
| The Vulture, or Kite. (Job xxviii. 7) | [358] |
| The Glede, or Peregrine Falcon. (Deut. xiv. 13) | [361] |
| The Lanner Falcon | [363] |
| The Hawk, or Kestrel. (Job xxxix. 26) | [366] |
| The Little Owl. (Psa. cii. 6) | [372] |
| The Night-Hawk. (Deut. xiv. 15) | [378] |
| The Swallow and Swift. (Jer. viii. 7) | [385] |
| The Lapwing, or Hoopoe. (Levit. xi. 19) | [393] |
| The Sparrow, or Blue Thrush. (Psa. cii. 7) | [399] |
| The Sparrow, or Tree Sparrow. (Psa. lxxxiv. 3) | [403] |
| The Cuckoo. (Levit. xi. 16) | [406] |
| The Rock Dove. (Cant. ii. 14) | [416] |
| The Turtle Dove. (Cant. ii. 12) | [420] |
| Poultry. (Luke xiii. 34) | [423] |
| The Partridge on the Mountains. (1 Sam. xxvi. 20) | [428] |
| The Quail. (Psa. cv. 40) | [431] |
| The Raven. (Job xxxviii. 41) | [441] |
| The Ostrich and its Eggs. (Job xxxix. 14) | [454] |
| The Bittern. (Isa. xiv. 23) | [463] |
| The Heron. (Deut. xi. 19) | [469] |
| The Crane. (Isa. xxxviii. 14) | [475] |
| The Swan or Ibis, or Gallinule. (Deut. xiv. 16) | [486] |
| The Pelican of the Wilderness. (Psa. cii. 6) | [496] |
| The Tortoise and Dhubb. (Levit. xi. 29) | [507] |
| The Lizard, or Cyprius. (Levit. xi. 30) | [530] |
| The Chameleon and the Gecko. (Levit. xi. 30) | [535] |
| The Asp and the Adder, or the Cobra and the Cerastes. (Psa. lviii. 4; Gen. xlix. 17) | [542] |
| The Viper, or Toxicoa. (Job xx. 16) | [553] |
| The Frog. (Exod. viii. 3) | [558] |
| Fishes—Muræna, Barbel, and Sheat-fish. (Levit. xi. 10) | [566] |
| Fishes—Sucking-fish, Tunny, and Coryphene. (Levit. x. 9) | [569] |
| Fishes—Lates, Mullus, and Uranoscopus. (Numb. xi. 5) | [582] |
| The Pearl Oyster. (Matt. xiii. 45) | [594] |
| The Bee. (Isa. vii 19) | [606] |
| The Hornet. (Exod. xxiii. 28) | [614] |
| The Ant. (Prov. vi. 6) | [621] |
| The Crimson Worm, or Cochineal. (Isa. i. 18) | [623] |
| Butterflies and Caterpillars of Palestine. (Joel i. 4) | [631] |
| Flies. (Isa. vii. 18) | [635] |
| The Scorpion. (Rev. ix. 10) | [641] |
| The Coral. (Job xxviii. 18) | [648] |