[257] Wardrobe Accounts; “Archæologia,” vol. xxvi. p. 342.
[258] Thomas Wright, “Domestic Manners and Sentiments,” 1862, p. 181.
[259] 40 Ed. III, Devon’s “Issue Rolls of the Exchequer,” p. 188.
[260] See two examples of like cases in the introduction to the “Issue Roll of Thomas de Brantingham,” p. xxxix.
[261] “Roll of Household Expenses of Richard de Swinfield, Bishop of Hereford,” ed. J. Webb, Camden Society, 1854–55, vol. i. pp. 152, 155. On the condition of minstrels, jugglers, bear-wards, etc., in France, see e.g. “Histoire économique de la Propriété, des Salaires . . . et de tous les Prix,” by Vicomte d’Avenel, Paris, 1914, vol. v. p. 264, and Bédier, “Les Fabliaux,” 1895, p. 389.
[262] Ed. P. Meyer, in “Revue Critique,” vol. x. (1870), p. 373.
[263] “Piers Plowman,” Text C, pass. xii. ll. 35–39.
[264] “Sir Gawayne and the Green Knight,” ed. R. Morris, Early English Text Society, 1864, ll. 484, 1652–1656, and 1952. In the same manner Arthur, after an exploit by Gawain, sits down to table, “Wythe alle maner of mete and mynstralcie bothe.”
[265] “This indenture, made 5 June in the 3rd year of our sovereign lord King Henry the fifth since the Conquest, witnesseth that John Clyff, minstrel, and 17 other minstrels, have received from our said lord the king, through Thomas, Earl of Arundel and Surrey, treasurer of England, forty pounds as their wages, to each of them 12d. a day for a quarter of a year, for serving our said lord in the parts of Guyenne or elsewhere.” Rymer’s “Fœdera,” ed. 1704–32, year 1415, vol. ix. p. 260.
[266] The chief of the minstrels of Beverley was called alderman. [L.T.S.]