[16] Pünjer, p. 439; Lange, last cit.; Tholuck, Kirch. Leben, 2 Abth. pp. 57–58. [↑]
[17] It was nominally issued at Amsterdam, really at Berlin. [↑]
[18] This writer gives (p. 12) a notable list of the forms of atheism: Atheismus directus, indirectus, formalis, virtualis, theoreticus, practicus, inchoatus, consummatus, subtilis, crassus, privativus, negativus, and so on, ad lib. [↑]
[19] Cp. Buckle and his Critics, pp. 171–72; Pünjer, i, 515. [↑]
[20] Letter cited by Dr. Latta. Leibniz, 1898, p. 2, note. [↑]
[21] Philos. Schriften, ed. Gerhardt, i, 26; Martineau, Study of Spinoza, p. 77. [↑]
[22] Letter to Thomas, December 23, 1670. [↑]
[23] Quoted by Tholuck, as last cited, p. 61. Spener took the same tone. [↑]
[24] Philos. Schriften, ed. Gerhardt, i, 34; ii, 563; Latta, p. 24; Martineau, p. 75. Cp. Refutation of Spinoza by Leibnitz, ed. by Foucher de Careil. Eng. tr. 1855. [↑]
[25] His notable surmise as to gradation of species (see Latta, pp. 38–39) was taken up among the French materialists, but did not then modify current science. [↑]