[3] Julien Luchaire, Essai sur l’évolution intellectuelle de l’Italie, 1906, pp. 5–7. [↑]
[4] Dr. Ramage, Nooks and Byeways of Italy, 1868, pp. 76, 105–13. Ramage describes the helplessness of the better minds before 1830. [↑]
[7] Doblado (Blanco White), Letters from Spain, 1822. p. 358. [↑]
[8] Thus the traveller and belletrist J. G. Seume, a zealous deist and opponent of atheism, and a no less zealous patriot, penned many fiercely freethinking maxims, as: “Where were the most so-called positive religions, there was always the least morality”; “Grotius and the Bible are the best supports of despotism”; “Heaven has lost us the earth”; “The best apostles of despotism and slavery are the mystics.” Apokryphen, 1806–1807, in Sämmtliche Werke, 1839, iv, 157, 173, 177, 219. [↑]
[9] C. H. Cottrell, Religious Movements of Germany, 1849, p. 12 sq. [↑]
[10] Cp. the author’s Evolution of States, pp. 138–39. [↑]
[11] When I thus planned the treatment of the nineteenth century in the first edition of this book, it was known to me that Mr. Alfred W. Benn had in hand a work on The History of English Rationalism in the Nineteenth Century; and the knowledge made me the more resolved to keep my own record condensed. Duly published in 1906 (Longmans, 2 vols.), Mr. Benn’s book amply fulfilled expectations; and to it I would refer every reader who seeks a fuller survey than the present. Its freshness of thought and vigour of execution will more than repay him. Even Mr. Benn’s copious work, however—devoting as it does a large amount of space to a preliminary survey of the eighteenth century—leaves room for various English monographs on the nineteenth, to say nothing of the culture history of a dozen other countries. [↑]
[12] Lecky, Hist. of Ireland in the Eighteenth Century, ed. 1892, iii, 382. [↑]