[73] The specification of this detail is one of the items of real explanation in Mr. Warde Fowler's scholarly and sympathetic account of the development of the Roman City-State (work cited, c. viii). He credits the Romans with an "innate genius" for combination and constitutionalism as compared with the Greeks, not noticing the fact that Roman unity was in the main a matter of conquest of non-Romans by Romans; that the conquest was furthered by the Roman institutions; that the institutions were first, so to speak, fortuitously shaped in favour of systematic war and conquest by the revolt against kingship; that war and conquest, again, were taken to almost inevitably as the main road to wealth; and that the accommodations of later times were forced on the upper classes by the career of warfare, to which domestic peace was indispensable. (Cp. Hegel as to the element of coercion and patrician policy in the Roman social system. Philos. der Gesch., Theil iii, Abschnitt i, Kap. i.) See below, § 6, as to the very different conditions of the Greek City-States.
[74] E.S. Shuckburgh, History of Rome, 1894, p. 16.
[75] See below, ch. iii, end; ch. iv, § 2 (c).
[76] Cp. Livy, viii, 3-5.
[77] Cp. Ferrero, Greatness and Decline of Rome, Eng. trans, i, 240.
[78] Cp. Aristotle, Politics, ii, 11; vi, 5.
[79] Already in Montesquieu's Grandeur des Romains it is pointed out that for Hannibal's soldiers, loaded with plunder, anywhere was Capua. Montesquieu rightly observes that the stock phrase on that head is one of the things everybody says because it has once been said. And it is repeated still.
[80] Livy, xxv, 40.
[81] Cicero, In Verrem, iii, 6; iv, 65; v, 21, 22.
[82] Sallust, Bell. Jugurth., c. 36.