[154] See below, pt. vi, ch. i, § 2.
[155] This discussion also goes back for at least two centuries. See Shaftesbury's Characteristics, Misc. iii, ch. i (vol. iii, pp. 137, 152).
[156] Note, in this connection, the tactic of Mr. Balfour in the election struggle of 1909-10.
[157] This was written, of course, before the recent uprising.
[158] Cp. Professor Giles, The Civilisation of China, pp. 1-19, as to the little-recognised diversity of Chinese speech, stock, and climate.
[159] Since these words were written China in turn has had her new birth, vindicating the doctrine above set forth.
PART II
ECONOMIC FORCES IN ANCIENT HISTORY