[47] See Sura Jehad; also Annals of the Early Caliphate, p. 167, et. seq.
[48] Annals of the Early Caliphate, p. 105, et. seq.
[49] See Annals, etc., p. 253.
[50] Sura ix, v. 30.
[51] So Jews and Christians as possessing the Bible are named in the Koran.
[52] See Annals, etc., p. 213.
[53] The Apology of Al Kindy, written at the court of Al Mamun A. H. 215 (A. D. 830), with an essay on its age and authorship, p. 12. Smith & Elder, 1882.
[54] Ibid., p. 34.
[55] Apology, p. 47, et. seq.
[56] Alluding to the "Ansar," or mortal "Helpers" of Mohammed at Medina. Throughout, the apologist, it will be observed, is drawing a contrast with the means used for the spread of Islam.