North America during the Tertiary—Europe—Climate—Fauna of Eocene—Of Miocene—Of Pliocene—Traces of Man—Opinions of Lyell, Lubbock, and A. R. Wallace—Man in the Pliocene—Hearth under Osars—Human bones from Savonia—Discoveries at St. Prest—Skull from Altaville—Prof. Denton's Statement—Man in the Miocene—Flints from Pontlevoy—Flint-flake from Aurillac—Marks on bones near Pouance—Implements from Colorado and Wyoming—Eocene—Glacial Periods during the Miocene. [58]
[CHAPTER V.]
CONDITION OF MAN IN THE EARLIEST TIMES.
No knowledge of the first appearance of Man—Fauna of India during the Miocene—Intellect of Man—Contests with the Beasts—A weapon invented—Earliest type—Advancement slow—Climate changes—Sufferings of Man—Known by the Remains—Structure of the Neanderthal Man—Engis Man—Men both large and small—Animal structure of jaws from La Naulette and Moulin-Quignon. [63]
[CHAPTER VI.]
INTER-GLACIAL EPOCH.
Condition of the earth—Numerous traces of Man—Cave of Aurignac—Conclusions of Lartet and Cartailhac—Caverns of Maccagnone—Wokey Hole—Fossil Man of Denise—Reindeer Station on the Schusse—Dr. Buchner's Conclusions. [68]
[CHAPTER VII.]
CONDITION OF MAN IN THE INTER-GLACIAL.
Length of the Inter-Glacial—Man an improvable being—Implements improved—Art of engraving begun—Religious nature—Denton's description of primeval man—Language improved. [76]
[CHAPTER VIII.]
REINDEER EPOCH.
Advance of the Glaciers—Fauna—-Reindeer epoch a distinct one—Evidences of the existence of Man—Caves of Central and Southern France—Implements from Les Eyzies—Relics from La Madeleine—Workshops of Laugerie-Haute and Laugerie-Basse—Cave and rock shelters of Bruniquel—Cave of Gourdan—Fossil Man of Mentone—Other remains near Mentone—Other bone caves of France—Belgian Caverns—Trou de Frontal—Trou Rosette—Trou des Nutons—Cave of Chaleux—Cave at Furfooz—Cave of Thayngen—Cave near Cracow. [79]