The solemn games instituted in honor of Apollo, and in memory of his killing the serpent Python with his arrows, were called Pythia or Pythian games.
[37]. The art of knowing the humour, temperament, or disposition of a person, from observation of the lines of the face, and the character of its members or features, is called Physiognomy. Baptist Porta and Robert Fludd, are among the top modern authors, and it has since been revived by Lavater, on this subject. The ancient authors are the Sophist Adamantius, and Aristotle, whose treatise on Physiognomy is translated into Latin by de Lacuna.
[38]. When the thoughts are much troubled, and when a person sleeps without the circumstance of going to bed, or putting off his clothes, as when he nods in his chair; it is very difficult, as Hobbes remarks, to distinguish a dream from a reality. On the contrary, he that composes himself to sleep, in case of any uncouth or absurd fancy, easily suspects it to have been a dream.—Leviathan, par. i. c. 1.
[39]. For the notion of this threefold soul, read the following verses attributed to Ovid:—
Bis duo sunt nomini: Manes, Caro, Spiritus, Umbra:
Quatuor ista loci bis duo suscipiunt,
Terra legit Carnem, tumulum circumvolat Umbra
Orcus habet Manes, Spiritus astra petit.
[40]. Scot’s Discoverie of Witchcraft, book xv. chap. 39; also Discourse on Devils and Spirits, chap. 28.
[41]. Philosophy of Apparitions, by Dr. Hibbert.