Loam.—Mixture of brick, clay and old foundry sand.
Parting Sand.—Burnt sand scraped from the surface of castings.
Black Wash.—Charcoal, plumbago and size.
Blackening for Molds.—Charcoal powder, or in some instances fine coal dust.
Mixture for Welding Steel.—One part sal ammoniac, ten parts borax, pounded together and fused until clear. Then it is poured out and after cooling, reduce to powder.
Rust-joint Cement.—(Quickly setting.) One part sal ammoniac in powder (by weight), two parts flour of sulphur, eighty parts iron borings, made into a paste with water.
Rust Joint.—(Slowly setting.) Two parts sal ammoniac, one part flour of sulphur, 200 parts iron borings. The latter cement is the best if the joint is not required for immediate use.
Red Lead Cement for Face Joints.—One part white lead, one part red lead, mixed with linseed oil to the proper consistency.
Case Hardening.—Place horn, hoof, bone dust, or shreds of leather, together with the article to be case hardened, in an iron box; subject to blood red heat, then immerse the article in cold water.
Case Hardening with Prussiate of Potash.—Heat the article, after polishing, to a bright red; rub the surface over with prussiate of potash; allow it to cool to dull red, and immerse it in water.