K katsina (cot-sée-nah). Supernatural being. Keres (care-es). Language spoken by the people at [Cochiti], [Santo Domingo], [San Felipe], [Santa Ana] and [Sia]; there are also the western [Keres] villages of [Acoma] and (historic) Laguna not included here. kiva (key-vah). Ceremonial chamber; men’s club house. Kotyiti (cóat-yi-tee). Of obscure etymology; Old Cochiti; [Hanat Cochiti]; [Potrero] [Viejo].
L La Bajada (lah bah-háh-tha). “The steep slope”; a hill between [Albuquerque] and Santa Fe was given this name. La Cueva Pintada (lah cuáy-vah peen-táh-tha). “The Painted Cave”; located southwest of [Tyuonyi] in [Capulin] [Canyon]. Los Confiados (los cone-feeáh-thos). “The Trusting Souls” (people); a mythical town near [Cochiti] named by the Spanish in 1583.
M mano (máh-no). “Hand”; hand-piece of flat stone for grinding corn. manta (mán-ta). “Dress”; “Blanket.” Marcos de Nisa (már-kos day née-sah). A Franciscan [friar]. mesa (máy-sah). Flat-topped high hill or table land. Mesa Verde (vér-they). “Green”; now a National Park in southwestern Colorado. Mesita Huerfano (may-sée-tah weár-fa-no). “Orphan [Mesa]”; Black Mesa. metate (may-táh-tay). Flat stone for grinding corn. Base stone. moccasins. Heel-less shoe of soft leather worn by Indians, moiety. A division of a tribe in which the [cacique], either Summer or Winter, has charge of the ceremonials during his respective season.
N Navaho (náh-vah-ho). Semi-nomadic Indians living west of the [pueblo] area. Navawi (náh-vah-wee). “Place of a hunting trap”; “pit-fall gap”; ruined pueblo northeast of [Tyuonyi]. neolithic (nee-o-lith-ik). New stone age.
O olla (ó-yah). Pottery jar for water. Otermin (o-ter-méen). Governor of New Mexico at the outbreak of the [Pueblo] Rebellion of 1680.
P padre (páh-dray). Monk or priest. Pajarito (pah-ha-rée-toe). “Little Bird”; [Pajarito] Plateau. Pecos (pay-kos). “Place down where the stone is on top”; Indian village east of the [Rio Grande]. Perage (pear-áh-gay). “Small rodent which jumps like a kangaroo”; “place of a species of kangaroo rat”; a ruined [pueblo] across the Rio Grande from San Ildefonso. pinto (peen-toe). A type of bean grown by Indians in [prehistoric] times. piñon (pee-ynón). Edible seed of pine; pinus edulis. plaza (pláh-sah). “Inner court”; area in the center of a town for public gathering. potrero (po-tré-roh). High, narrow mesa-top between [canyons]. Potsui’i (póte-su-wee-ee). “Gap where the water sinks”; prehistoric pueblo northeast of [Tyuonyi]. Pohoge (po-hó-gay). “Where the water cuts down through”; [Tewa] name for San Ildefonso. prehistoric. Referring to times before the [Coronado] expedition of 1540. pueblo (pwé-blo). “Village”; “Town.” Puwige (poo-wí-gay). “Where the bottoms of the pottery vessels are wiped or smoothed thin”; ruined pueblo on the floor of Frijoles Canyon; the big community house. Sometimes called Tyuonyi.
Q Quirex (keer-esh). Province of five Keresan villages on the [Rio Grande] in 1540.
R ramada (rah-máh-tha). Open flat-roofed porch built of poles and brush; a shelter. Ramon Vigil Grant (rah-móan vee-híll). Huge tract of land north of Frijoles [Canyon]. Rio Chama (ree-oh chá-mah). “Chama River.” Rio Grande (ree-oh grán-day). “Big River.”
S Sandia (san-déea). “Watermelon”; also a modern Tiwa-speaking Indian [pueblo] twelve miles north of [Albuquerque] occupied since [prehistoric] times. Sangre de Cristo (sán-gray day crées-to). “Blood of Christ”; refers to a mountain range rising to great heights. San Felipe (san fay-leé-pay). “Saint Phillip”; modern pueblo of the [Keres] group occupied since prehistoric times. San Gabriel (san gah-breeáyl). First capital of New Mexico; in the vicinity of [San Juan] Pueblo. San Ildefonso (san ill-day-fáhn-so). Modern Indian village speaking the [Tewa] language; twenty miles northwest of Santa Fe on the banks of the Rio Grande. San Juan (san hwán). Modern Indian village speaking the Tewa language; about thirty miles northwest of Santa Fe. Not to be mistaken for the San Juan area in northwestern New Mexico. Sankawi (sáng-ka-wee). “Gap of the sharp round cactus”; “place of the round cactus”; prehistoric pueblo northeast of [Tyuonyi]. Santa Ana (sán-tah ana). Modern Indian village speaking the Keres language. Santo Domingo (sánto do-míng-go). Modern Indian village speaking the Keres language. Shipapolima (she-pa-po-lee-ma). Place where the [Zuñi] people entered this world; spiritual entrance to the underworld. Sia (see-a). Modern Indian village speaking the Keres language; occupied since prehistoric times. Sipapu (see-pa-poo). Spiritual entrance to the underworld of certain Pueblo Indians; an opening is generally found in the [kiva] floor and is called [Sipapu]; similar to [Shipapolima].
T talus (tay-lus). A slope formed at the base of a cliff by material falling from above. Tanos (táh-nos). Applied to various groups of people who inhabited the country east of the [Rio Grande] south of the San Ildefonso-Tesuque [Tewa] region. Tewa (tay-wa). Language spoken by certain [Pueblo] Indians; they are: [San Ildefonso], Nambe, Tesuque, Santa Clara and San Juan. tewatu (tay-wa-too). “Tewa beans”; [pinto] beans. Tiguex (tee-wesh). Province of [prehistoric] Indian villages on the banks of the Rio Grande between [Bernalillo] and [Albuquerque], a distance of about seventeen miles. Tiwa (tee-wa). Language spoken by certain groups of Indians; Taos, Picuris, [Sandia] and [Isleta]. Towa (toe-wa). Language spoken by [Jemez] Indians and by those of [Pecos] before its abandonment in 1837. Tshirege (ser-i-gay). “House of the Bird People”; prehistoric pueblo northeast of [Tyuonyi]. Tyuonyi (q’own-yee). A word having a signification akin to that of treaty or contract; Frijoles [Canyon], Hidden Valley.