Blue Beech or Hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana)
Distinguishing characters: The fluted or muscular effect of its trunk will distinguish the tree at a glance, [Fig. 54].
Leaf: Doubly serrated; otherwise the same as that of ironwood.
Form and size: A low-spreading tree with branches arching out at various angles, forming a flattened head with a fine, slender spray.
Range: Very common in the eastern United States.
Soil and location: Grows in low wet woods.
Enemies: None of importance.
Value for planting: Its artistic branching and curious trunk give the tree an important place in park planting.
Commercial value: None.
Other characters: The bark is smooth and bluish gray in color.